πλευρά: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ᾶς, ἡ, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> = [[πλευρόν]], [[rib]], rare in sg., βοὸς π. <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.64</span>; παρὰ τὴν π. ἑκάστην <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>513b29</span>: pl., [[ribs]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">PA</span>654b35</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> pl., generally, [[side]] of a man or animal, ἄλλοτ' ἐπὶ πλευρὰς κατακείμενος, ἄλλοτε δ' αὖτε ὕπτιος <span class="bibl">Il.24.10</span>; of [[both sides]], ἀνὰ πλευράς τε καὶ ὤμους <span class="bibl">23.716</span>; οὐρῇ δὲ πλευράς τε καὶ ἰσχία ἀμφοτέρωθεν μαστίεται <span class="bibl">20.170</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>430</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>71</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>843</span> (lyr.): sg., also, of [[one side]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1260</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>834</span>, etc.; a [[side]] of beef, etc., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>381.5</span> (iii B.C., written <b class="b3">πλερά</b>): the pl. form is v.l. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>826</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> [[side]], of things and places, νηὸς πλευραί <span class="bibl">Thgn.513</span>; χωρίου <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sis.</span>388e</span>; [<b class="b3">Πακτωλοῦ</b>] <span class="bibl">D.P. 833</span>; of an army, αἱ π. τοῦ πλαισίου <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.22</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">28</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Mar.</span> 25</span>, etc.; παρὰ π. τινὶ εἶναι <span class="bibl">Plb.5.26.6</span>; <b class="b3">παρὰ π</b>., opp. <b class="b3">κατὰ κεφαλήν</b>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.463.72 </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> Math., [[side]] of a triangle or other figure, <span class="bibl">Antipho Soph.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>53d</span>, <span class="bibl">54c</span>, etc.: esp. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> [[side]] of a rectangle, ib.<span class="bibl">36c</span>: hence, [[one factor]] of any product, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>148a</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Metaph.</span>1051a26</span>, <span class="bibl">Euc.7</span> <span class="title">Def.</span>17, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> [[side]] of a square of cube, and [[root]] of a square of cubic number, Id.8.11, 12, <span class="title">Theol.Ar.</span>11; <b class="b3">κυβικὴ π</b>. cube [[root]], <span class="bibl">Ph.<span class="title">Bel.</span>52.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> [[generator]] of a cone or cylinder, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Sph.Cyl.</span>1.8</span>, <span class="bibl">12</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">rib(s), side of the body</b>, metaph. <b class="b2">side of an area, of a geometrical figure, flank of an army</b> (Il.).<br />Other forms: usu. pl. <b class="b3">-αί</b>; <b class="b3">-όν</b>, usu. pl. <b class="b3">-ά</b> n.<br />Compounds: Very often as 2. member, e.g. <b class="b3">περί-πλευρος</b> [[going around the ribs]], [[covering the sides]] (E. in lyr.).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. <b class="b3">πλευρ-ία</b> pl. (Hp., Delph. inscr.), <b class="b3">-ιάς</b> f. [[side of an area]] (Tab. Heracl.; after <b class="b3">πεδι-άς</b> a.o.; cf. Chantraine Form. 354); <b class="b3">-ιαῖος</b> [[situated at the sides]] (Boeot. inscr.), <b class="b3">-ικός</b> [[belonging to the ribs]] (sch.); <b class="b3">-ίτης</b> m. [[connected to the ribs]], designation of a bone of the spine (Poll.), <b class="b3">-ῖτις</b> (<b class="b3">νόσος</b>) f. [[pleurisy]] (Hp., Ar.), also as pl.name = <b class="b3">σκόρδιον</b> (Ps.-Dsc.; because of the working, cf. Redard 75); <b class="b3">-ώματα</b> n. pl. = <b class="b3">πλευρά</b> (A.; poetic enlargement, Chantraine Form. 186); <b class="b3">-ισμός</b> m. meaning unclear, [[dam]]? (pap.); <b class="b3">-ών</b>, <b class="b3">-ῶνος</b> m. Aetol. PlN (Β 639 a.o.), Krahe ZONF 8, 159. -- Hypostasis <b class="b3">παρα-πλευρ-ίδια</b> n. pl. [[side-armors]] (X., Arr.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Formation like <b class="b3">νευρά</b> a.o., so to be enalysed in <b class="b3">πλε-υρ-ά</b>, <b class="b3">-όν</b> (Benveniste Origines 112 f.). Without certain explanation. If origin. [[side]], one would like with Benveniste l.c. to connect with the root <b class="b2">pelā-</b> [[broaden]] (<b class="b3">πέλαγος</b>, <b class="b3">πλάξ</b>, <b class="b3">παλάμη</b> a.o.). If however, what is much more probable, prop. [[rib]], this etymology is is irrelevant. Or prop. "what belongs at the side (<b class="b3">*πλῆ-Ϝαρ</b>)"? -- Older hypotheses in Bq (rejected).