πρόσφατος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ον, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> [[fresh]], [[not decomposed]], of a corpse miraculously preserved, νῦν δέ μοι ἑρσήεις καὶ π. ἐν μεγάροισιν κεῖσαι <span class="bibl">Il.24.757</span>; <b class="b3">νεκρὸς π</b>. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.89</span>, <span class="bibl">121</span>.<b class="b3">έ; τροφὴ ἔτι π</b>. (sc. before digestion begins) <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>675b32</span>; [<b class="b3">ζῷα] τὰ πεπωκότα πόμα π</b>. which have taken a [[recent]] drink, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>520b31</span>; πορφύρας . . πρόσφατον τὸ ἄνθος ἔτι φυλαττούσης <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alex.</span>36</span>; of fish, <span class="bibl">Antiph.218.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.462.4</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMich.Zen.</span>72.8</span> (iii B.C.); ἐχῖνοι <span class="bibl">Posidipp.14</span>; of poultry, <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Vict.Att.</span>8</span>; [<b class="b3">κρέα</b>] Hp.<span class="title">Acut.</span> (<span class="title">Sp.</span>) <span class="bibl">49</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Sor.2.15</span>, al.; δέλεαρ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>534a12</span>; <b class="b3">ζῷα π</b>., opp. salted, <span class="bibl">D.S.3.31</span>, cf. Gal.6.728; ἄλφιτα καὶ ἄλητα <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Vict.</span>2.44</span>, gloss on [[ποταίνια]] in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Acut.</span>37</span>; <b class="b3">καρποί, ἔλαιον</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>926a30</span>,<span class="bibl">927a29</span>; <b class="b3">ῥίζαι [σιλφίου</b>] <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>6.3.5</span>; σταφυλή <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Nu.</span>6.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Sor. 1.51</span>; φῦκος <span class="bibl">Agatharch.35</span>; νάρδος Dsc.1.7; χιών <span class="bibl">Plb.3.55.1</span>; παγάν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.299</span> (unless <b class="b3">πρόσφατον ξενωθείς</b> = [[recently]] entertained); <b class="b3">ὕδωρ</b> [[newly-drawn]] well-water, Plu.2.690c; ποτόν <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Marc.</span>4</span>; <b class="b3">αἷμα</b> [[uncoagulated]], opp. <b class="b3">πεπηγότες θρόμβοι</b>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>7.10</span>; [καταμηνίων ῥύσις] -ωτέρα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>764a6</span>; <b class="b3">σπέρμα, οὖρον</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>924b28</span>, <span class="bibl">907b25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of events and actions, [[recent]], δίκαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>804</span> (lyr.); ἐπιστολαί <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>128</span>; ὀργή <span class="bibl">Lys.18.19</span>; ὀχεία <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span> 509b31</span>; φόβος <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.3.1</span>; φθόνος <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Them.</span>24</span>; θεωρίαι καὶ μαθήσεις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EE</span> 1237a24</span>; φαντασία <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">MM</span>1203b4</span>; <b class="b3">λύπη</b> defined as δόξα πρόσφατος κακοῦ παρουσίας Zeno Stoic.1.52; ἀτύχημα <span class="bibl">Plb.1.21.9</span>; εὐεργεσίαι <span class="bibl">Id.2.46.1</span>; [<b class="b3">πράγματα</b>] Plu.2.146b; <b class="b3">ὄγκοι</b>( = [[οἰδήματα]]) Gal.18(2).145; <b class="b3">βήξ</b>, i.e. not yet chronic, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.123</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.46</span>; <b class="b3">γάλα</b>, i.e. lately begun to be secreted, <span class="bibl">Id.1.89</span>; of persons, [[recent in date]], of Homer, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Mete.</span>351b35</span>; <b class="b3">μάρτυρες . . οἱ μὲν παλαιοὶ οἱ δὲ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1375b27</span>: used predicatively, <b class="b3">χρόνοι [τοῖς πλουσίοις] τοῦ δίκην ὑποσχεῖν . . δίδονται, καὶ τἀδικήμαθ' ἕωλα . . ὡς ὑμᾶς καὶ ψύχρ' ἀφικνεῖται, τῶν δ' ἄλλων ἡμῶν ἕκαστος π. κρίνεται</b> the cases of us poor men are served up [[fresh]], <span class="bibl">D.21.112</span>; <b class="b3">νεαλὴς καὶ π</b>. [[fresh]] (because recently imprisoned), <span class="bibl">Id.25.61</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[new]], οὐκ ἔστι πᾶν π. ὑπὸ τὸν ἥλιον <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ec.</span>1.9</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἔσται ἐν σοὶ θεὸς π</b>. ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ps.</span>80(81).10</span>; ὁδὸν π. καὶ ζῶσαν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Hebr.</span>10.20</span>; ἀεὶ ἡδίων ἡ π. ἀφροδίτη <span class="bibl">Alciphr.1.39</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> Adv. <b class="b3">-τως</b> [[newly]], [[lately]], π. ἠγγελμένων <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.16.2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">De.</span>24.5</span>, <span class="title">OGI</span>315.23 (Pessinus, ii B.C.), <span class="bibl">Parth.28.1</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.14.115</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">BJ</span>1.6.2</span>, <span class="bibl">Babr.30.3</span>, Anon.Hist. (<span class="title">FGrH</span> 153) p.826 J. (Orig. = [[νεωστὶ ἀνῃρημένος]] (cf. [[πέφαται]], etc.) acc. to Phot.; perh. [[slaughtered for]] (the occasion).)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[undecomposed]], of a corpse (Ω 757 [<b class="b3">ἐρσήεις καὶ π</b>.], Hdt.), [[fresh]], of plants, victuals, water a.o. (Hp., Arist., hell.), metaph. [[fresh]] = <b class="b2">happened lately, recently, immediately following, recens</b>, of actions, emotions etc. (A. in lyr., Lys., D., Arist.).<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: Acc. to Phot. prop. = <b class="b3">νεωστὶ ἀνῃρημένος</b>, an interpretation, which seems to give the best solution. So to <b class="b3">πεφ-νεῖν</b>, <b class="b3">φόνος</b>, <b class="b3">θείνω</b> with the same 2. member as in the compounds <b class="b3">Ἀρηΐ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀρεί-φατος</b>, <b class="b3">μυλή-φατος</b>, <b class="b3">ὀδυνή-φατος</b>; the remarkable development of meaning was possible as the second member became unclear (also in <b class="b3">ἀρείφατος</b>: also [[martial]]). The first element cannot be preverbal (as if from <b class="b3">*προσ-θείνω</b>), but has a similar function as in the nominal <b class="b3">πρόσ-οικος</b>, <b class="b3">πρόσ-γειος</b> etc.; prop. "close to the dead (killing), closely following" with univerbating <b class="b3">το-</b>suffix. -- Other hypotheses (to be rejected) in Bq w. lit.; to be rejected also Schwyzer 503 Zus. 2 (asking: "to <b class="b3">*προσφα</b>, cf. <b class="b3">μέσφα</b>?").