ἄκρος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=-α, -ον<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[at the farthest point]], [[topmost]], [[outermost]] (Il.). Old <b class="b3">ἄκρα</b> f., <b class="b3">ἄκρον</b> n. [[highest or farthest point]], [[headland]], [[cape]]; Hom. <b class="b3">κατ</b>' <b class="b3">ἄκρης</b> (<b class="b3">πόλιος</b>) [[from the highest point down]] hence [[completely]], [[utterly]], also <b class="b3">κατ</b>' <b class="b3">ἄκρηθεν</b> (which became <b class="b3">κατὰ κρῆθεν</b> through association with <b class="b3">κάρα</b>), s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 56ff.<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">ἀκρόπολις</b> (Od.; the Iliad still has <b class="b3">ἄκρη πόλις</b>, Frisk IF 52, 282ff., Risch IF 59, 20); <b class="b3">ἀκραής</b> often interpreted as [[blowing vehemently]], but prob. orig.`blowing on\/from the heights'.<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἄκρις</b>, <b class="b3">-ιος</b> f. [[hill-top]], [[mountain peak]] (Od.), always pl.; s. on [[ὄκρις]]. <b class="b3">ἀκραῖος</b> [[dwelling on heights]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [18] <b class="b2">*h₂eḱ-</b> <b class="b2">sharp, pointed; stone (?)</b><br />Etymology: The root <b class="b2">*h₂eḱ-</b> is widespread in IE, and ther are several <b class="b2">r-</b>derivatives: Skt. <b class="b2">áśri-</b> f. [[corner]], [[sharp side]], <b class="b2">catur-aśra-</b> [[quadrangular]], Lat. [[ācer]], <b class="b2">-ris</b>, <b class="b2">-re</b> (with unexplained length), W. PN [[Aχrotalus]] [[with high forehead]], OIr. [[ér]] [[high]], OLith. [[aštras]], OCS [[ostrъ]] [[sharp]]. (For <b class="b2">akro-</b> in Illyrian s. Krahe Pannonia 1937, 310 n. 40, Karg WuS NF. 4, 183.) - Heth. [[ḫekur]] <b class="b2">rock(point)</b> is unrelated. - See further <b class="b3">ἀκη</b>, [[ἀκμή]] and [[ὄκρις]]. Connection with the root <b class="b2">*h₂eḱ-</b> was often unjustly assumed by modern scholarship, see e.g. [[ἀκαλήφη]], <b class="b3">ἀκόστη</b>, [[ἄκορνα]], <b class="b3">ἀκριβής</b>.