ἅγιος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], α, ον, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">devoted to the gods:</b> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> in good sense, <b class="b2">sacred, holy:</b> </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> of things, esp. temples, ἈΦροδίτης ἱρὸν ἅ. <span class="bibl">Hdt. 2.41</span>; <b class="b3">ἱρο'ν Ἡρακλέος ἅ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">44</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>116c</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.2.19</span>; θηρίον <span class="bibl">Antiph.147.7</span>; νηὸν ἐπὶ τῷ χάσματι Ἥρης ἅ. ἐστήσατο <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Syr.D.</span>13</span>: generally, <b class="b3">θυσίαι, ξυμβόλαια</b>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.10.63</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>729e</span> (Sup.); μητρός.. ἐστι πατρὶς ἁγιώτερον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cri.</span>51a</span>; ὅρκος ἅ. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mir.</span>834b11</span>; <b class="b3">ἅ., τό,</b> [[temple]], <span class="title">OGI</span>56.59 (Canopus), <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>26.33</span>, al., cf. <span class="title">Ep.Heb.</span>9.2; τὸ ἅ. τῶν ἁγίων [[Holy of Holies]], LXX l. c.; τὰ ἅ. τῶν ἁ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">3 Ki.</span>8.6</span>, etc., cf. <span class="title">Ep.Heb.</span>9.3. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of persons, [[holy]], [[pure]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>522</span> (anap.); λαὸς ἅ. Κυρίῳ <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">De.</span>7.6</span>, al.; οἱ ἅ. [[the Saints]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>6.1</span>,al.; πνεῦμα ἅ. [[the Holy Spirit]], Ev.Matt.3.11, al. Adv. ἁγίως καὶ σεμνῶς ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Isoc. 11.25</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> in bad sense, [[accursed]], [[execrable]], <span class="bibl">Cratin.373</span>, <span class="bibl">Eust. 1356.59</span>.—Never in Hom., Hes., or Trag. (who use <b class="b3">ἁγνός</b>); rare in Att. (v. supr.). (Possibly cognate with Skt. [[yajati]] 'sacrifice'.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[holy]] (Hdt.).<br />Derivatives: Beside <b class="b3">ἅγιος</b> (3-syll.), <b class="b3">ἅζομαι</b> (< <b class="b3">*ἅγι̯ομαι</b>) (Il.). [[honour]] with different development in accordance with the length of the word.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [501] <b class="b2">*ieh₂ǵ-</b><br />Etymology: The connection with Skt. <b class="b2">yájati</b> [[honour with offers and prayer]] is semantically unobjectionable and formally explained by Lubotsky's rule (MSS 40, 1981, 133-8) that in <b class="b2">*ieh₂ǵ-</b> before consonant the glottal element of the (preglottalized) <b class="b2">*ǵ</b> was lost. Suffix -iHo- in the noun? Other formation in <b class="b3">ἁγνός</b> (Od.). - Not to Lat. [[sacer]] (Meillet BSL 21, 126f.).