ἵκω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[v. sub fin.], chiefly Ep., Lyr., and Dor., never in Hdt. or Trag. (in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>176</span> Pors. restored [[ἥκετε]]); cf. <b class="b3">ἱκάνω, ἱκνέομαι</b>; Dor., Arc. ἵκω <span class="title">IG</span>4.329 (Corinth), 952.16(Epid.), <span class="title">Schwyzer</span>323<span class="title">C</span>37 (Delph.), <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).3.12 (Tegea), written [[εἵκω]] in <span class="bibl">Epich.35.13</span> codd., but [[ἵκει]] correctly in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>87</span>; 3pl. [[ἵκαντι]],= [[ἥκουσιν]], Hsch. (cf. [[παρίκω]]): impf. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ἷκον <span class="bibl">Il.1.317</span>: poet. fut. inf. ἱξέμεν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Pae.</span>6.116</span>; Dor. fut. [[ἱξῶ]] Megar. in <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>742</span>: Ep. aor. [[ἷξον]] (v. infr.); also aor. 1 ἷξα <span class="bibl">Q.S.12.461</span> (v.l.): for <b class="b3">ἵξομαι, ἷγμαι</b>, v. [[ἱκνέομαι]]:—[[come]], of persons, ἐς δόμον ἵκει <span class="bibl">Od.18.353</span>; ἷξεν δ' ἐς Πριάμοιο <span class="bibl">Il.24.160</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">122</span>; εἰ δέ κεν οἴκαδ' ἵκωμι φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν <span class="bibl">9.414</span>; ἐς Ῥόδον ἷξεν ἀλώμενος <span class="bibl">2.667</span>; ἐπὶ Θρῃκῶν . . τέλος ἷξον ἰόντες <span class="bibl">10.470</span>; ἷξε δ' ἐπ' ἐσχατιήν <span class="bibl">20.328</span>; ποταμοῖο κατὰ στόμα . . ἷξε νέων <span class="bibl">Od.5.442</span>: in Hom. freq. c. acc., [[come to]], δόμον <span class="bibl">Il.18.406</span>, etc.; Μαλειάων ὄρος <span class="bibl">Od.3.288</span>; εἰ Θεμίστιον ἵκεις ὥστ' ἀείδειν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.50</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">O.</span>5.9</span>; <b class="b3">αἴ κ' αὐτὸς ἵκη, ἀνελέσθω</b> prob. in <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).159.2 (<span class="title">Class.Phil.</span>20.134). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of things, <b class="b3">Φρυγίην . . κτήματα περνάμεν' ἵκει</b> [[come]] or <b class="b2">are brought to . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.18.292</span>; also ὁπότε χρόνος ἷξε δικασπόλος <span class="bibl">Maiist.52</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> [[attain to]], [[reach]], κνίση δ' οὐρανὸν ἷκεν <span class="bibl">Il.1.317</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.153</span>, <span class="bibl">14.60</span>; αἴγλη δι' αἰθέρος οὐρανὸν ἷκε <span class="bibl">2.458</span>; ὀρυμαγδὸς . . οὐρανὸν ἷκε δι' αἰθέρος <span class="bibl">17.425</span>; κλέος οὐρανὸν ἵκει <span class="bibl">Od.9.20</span>; ὕβρις τε βίη τε . . οὐρανὸν ἵκει <span class="bibl">15.329</span>; Ἰθάκης γε καὶ ἐς Τροίην ὄνομ' ἵκει <span class="bibl">13.248</span>; ἵκῃ τ' ἐς ἄκρον ἀνδρείας <span class="bibl">Simon.58.6</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> of sufferings, feelings, etc., <b class="b3">ὅτε κέν τινα . . χόλος ἵκοι</b> [[come upon]] him, <span class="bibl">Il. 9.525</span>; τοι πινυτὴ φρένας ἵκει <span class="bibl">Od.20.228</span>; χρειὼ ἵκει τινά <span class="bibl">2.28</span>, <span class="bibl">5.189</span>: abs., χρειὼ τόσον ἵκει <span class="bibl">Il.10.142</span>. [In <b class="b3">ἵκω, ῑ</b> always; in [[ἱκάνω]], and the unaugmented moods of <b class="b3">ἱκόμην, ῐ</b> always.—<b class="b3">ἵκοντ'</b> is prob. for <b class="b3">ἵκοντο [ῐ</b>] in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.36</span>.] (Prob. cogn. with [[ἥκω]].)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[come]], [[reach]] (Hom., Pi. Dor. Arc.)<br />Other forms: [[ἱκάνω]] (ep.), [[ἱκνέομαι]] (Od., almost only with prefix, s. below), aor. [[ἱκέσθαι]], fut. [[ἵξομαι]] (Il.) with aor. [[ἷξε]], [[ἷξον]] (Schwyzer 788, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 418f., Leumann Glotta 32, 213), perf. [[ἷγμαι]] (Od.).<br />Compounds: Often, in prose almost always with prefix, esp. <b class="b3">ἀφ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b> (with <b class="b3">εἰσ-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-αφ-ικνέομαι</b> a. o.), also <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐφ-</b>, <b class="b3">καθ-</b> a. o. (s. Fraenkel Glotta 35, 88ff.)<br />Derivatives: 1. [[ἵξις]] ([[ἴξις]]) [[passage through]], [[direction]] (Hp.), from [[ἀφικνέομαι]] etc. [[ἄφιξις]] [[arrival]] (IA), rare <b class="b3">ἔφ-</b>, <b class="b3">κάθ-</b>, <b class="b3">δί-ιξις</b>; 2. [[ἵκτωρ]], [[ἱκτήρ]] = [[ἱκέτης]], [[ἱκέσιος]], also <b class="b3">προσ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀφ-ίκτωρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b>, (trag.) with [[ἱκτήριος]] (S.); on a semantic differentiation Benveniste Noms d'agent 46; 3. [[ἱκέτης]] with [[ἱκετεύω]] etc. s. v.; beside it (<b class="b3">προσ-)ἵκτης</b> (hell. poetry); 4. <b class="b3">πόθ-ικ-ες</b> pl. [[προσήκοντες]], [[relatives]] (Tegea Va); 5. [[ἱκανός]] [[enough]] (IA prose), cf. [[πιθανός]] a. o. (Chantr. Form. 196f.); s. also [[ἴκμενος]], [[προίξ]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [893] <b class="b2">*seik-</b> reach, grasp (with the hand)<br />Etymology: Beside the longvowel active thematic root-present [[ἵκω]] (orig. perfect? Wackernagel Glotta 14, 56ff.) stands the shortvowel medial thematic root-aorist [[ἱκέσθαι]]; shortvowel have also active [[ἱκάνω]] < <b class="b3">*ἱκ-αν-Ϝω</b> (after [[φθάνω]], [[κιχάνω]], Schwyzer 698 w. n. 3) and medial [[ἱκνέομαι]] (Schwyzer 696a, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 352f.), also [[ἱκανός]] and other nominal formations. The full grade occurs in the semantically deviant <b class="b3">ἐν-εῖκαι</b> [[bring away]] (s. v.) (Brugmann Grundr.2 2 : 3, 92); beside it stand longvowel forms not only in [[ἵκω]], but also in [[ἥκω]] (s. v.). One earlier assumed longdiphthong forms [[ēi]] : [[ī]] , which is now rejected. - An acceptable connection gives Lith. <b class="b2">siékiu</b>, <b class="b2">siékti</b> [[reach with the hand]], [[swear]], <b class="b2">at-siékiu</b> [[reach with the hand]] (Fick GGA 1891, 207), IE <b class="b2">seik-</b>, <b class="b2">sik-</b> (Bq, Pok. 893); Schmid IF 62, 229 n. 41 recalls Toch. B <b class="b2">sik-naṃ</b>, subbj. <b class="b2">saikaṃ</b> [[set a foot]]; the longvowel forms can be morphological reations of Greek.