μακρός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=μακρά, μακρόν [ᾰ by nature], <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[long]], whether of Space or Time, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> of Space, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> in length, [[long]], δόρυ <span class="bibl">Il.7.140</span>; <b class="b3">νέες, νῆες μ</b>. [[ships of war]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.21</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.41</span>, etc. (collect. in sg., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>380</span>); πλοῖα μ. <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.14</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τὰ μακρότερα</b> measured by the [[longer]] [[side]]s, i. e. [[length-wise]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.50</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ μ. τείχη</b> the [[long]] walls of Athens, <span class="bibl">Th.8.71</span>, etc.; ἐν τῷ μακρῷ σκέλει τῷ πὸτ τῷ Ποτειδανίῳ <span class="title">SIG</span>247 iii 11 (Delph., iv B. C.); <b class="b3">ἡ μακρά</b> (sc. [[γραμμή]]), line traced by [[δικασταί]] to indicate the heavier penalty, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>106</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ μ. δρόμος</b> the [[long-distance]] [[torch]]-[[race]], <span class="title">SIG</span> 1068.9 (Patmos, iii/ii B. C.), al., <span class="title">OGI</span>339.83 (Sestos, ii B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in height, [[tall]], [[high]], <b class="b3">μ. Ὄλυμπος, οὔρεα, δένδρεα, κίων</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.15.193</span>, <span class="bibl">13.18</span>,<span class="bibl">9.541</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.127</span>, etc.; of a man, μακρότερον καὶ πάσσονα θῆκεν ἰδέσθαι <span class="bibl">8.20</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.195</span>; μ. πύκτης <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>3.1158.6</span> (iii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> reversely, [[deep]], φρείατα <span class="bibl">Il.21.197</span>; φάραγξ <span class="bibl">Herod.8.17</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in distance, [[long]], [[far]], [[remote]], κέλευθος <span class="bibl">Il.15.358</span>; οἶμος <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>290</span>; ναυτιλίαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.1</span>; στόλος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>490</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἐπιβοήθειαι</b> [[long]] marches to aid, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.4.47</span>; [[remote]], ἀποικία <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>814</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ μακρότατα</b> the [[remotest parts]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.32</span>: freq. in neut. sg. and pl. as Adv., <b class="b3">μακρὰ βιβάς, βιβάσθων</b>, with [[long]] strides, <span class="bibl">Il.7.213</span>, <span class="bibl">13.809</span>; <b class="b3">μακρὰ ῥίψαις, δισκήσαις</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.45</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">I.</span>2.35</span>; -ότερον σφενδονᾶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.16</span>; μακρὸν [[ἀῧσαι]], [[βοᾶν]], to [[shout]] so as to be heard [[afar]], i. e. [[loudly]], <span class="bibl">Il.3.81</span>, <span class="bibl">2.224</span>; μακρὰ μεμυκώς <span class="bibl">18.580</span>; μακρὸν ἠχεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>329a</span>; κλάειν σε μακρὰ κελεύσας <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>433</span> (v. [[κλαίω]] and infr. v); later by analogy, μακρὰ χαίρειν φράσας τῷ ναυπηγῷ <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Nav.</span>2</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Apol.</span>3</span>, al., <span class="bibl">D.C.46.3</span>; cf. [[μακράν]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> generally, [[large in size]] or [[degree]], [[great]], ἤπειρος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>75</span>; ὄλβος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>2.26</span>; πλοῦτος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>130</span>; τιμήματα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1278a23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1297b4</span> (Sup.); [[οὐσία]] ib.<span class="bibl">1290b16</span>, <span class="bibl">1321a11</span>; μακροτέρα ἀρετά <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).13</span>; ἐλπίσαντες μακρότερα μὲν τῆς δυνάμεως, ἐλάσσω δὲ τῆς βουλήσεως <span class="bibl">Th.3.39</span>; <b class="b3">μ. τραπεζῖται</b>, perh. [[big]] bankers, Cat.Cod. Astr.<span class="bibl">7.222</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> dat. [[μακρῷ]], to strengthen Comp. and Sup., [[by far]], μ. πρῶτος <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.34</span>; ἄριστος μ. <span class="bibl">Id.9.71</span>; ἀσθενεστέρα μ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>514</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>66e</span>; μ. μάλιστα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.171</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>30</span>, etc.; κάκιστα δὴ μ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>895</span>: also with Verbs implying comparison, ἀριστεύει μ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>890</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">D.H.1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of Time, [[long]] (Hom. only in Od.), [[ἤματα]], [[νύξ]], <span class="bibl">10.470</span>, <span class="bibl">11.373</span>; [[αἰών]] v. l. in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>3.75</span>; μ. χρόνος <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.32</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐ μ. χρόνου</b> for no [[long]] time, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>1078</span>, etc.; διὰ μ. χρόνου <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>741</span> (troch.); ἐν χρόνῳ μ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>88</span>, etc.; δι' αἰῶνος μ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>582</span> (lyr.); τὸν μ. βίον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pr.</span>449</span>; τοῦ μ. βίου <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>473</span>; <b class="b3">μηνὶ -ότερος</b> [[by]] a month, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.32</span>; [[μακρῷ]] (cf. <span class="bibl">1.5</span>) πρότερον Gal.8.958; <b class="b3">μ. ἐέλδωρ</b> a [[long-cherished]] wish, <span class="bibl">Od.23.54</span>; <b class="b3">μ. γόοι, ὀδύρματα</b>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>375</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>297</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[long]], [[tedious]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>4.33</span>, etc.; λόγοι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1335</span>, <span class="bibl">Th. 3.60</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">μακρὰν ἔοικε λέξειν</b> (sc. [[ῥῆσιν]]) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>382</span>; οὐδὲ εἷς Ὅμηρον εἴρηκεν μακρόν <span class="bibl">Philem.97.7</span>; <b class="b3">μακρόν [ἐστι</b>] c. inf., Lat. [[longum est]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).56</span>; μ. ἂν εἴη γράφειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>7.1</span>. Adv. -ρῶς, λέγεσθαι <span class="bibl">Antiph. 268</span>: Comp. -ότερον<b class="b3">, ποιεῖς</b> you are taking [[too long]], PCair.Zen. 48.4 (iii B. C.), cf. <span class="bibl">Philippid.21</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> Gramm., [[long]] in quantity, φωνήεντα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1458a11</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>15</span>; [[μακρά]] (sc. [[συλλαβή]]), ἡ, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>92.12</span>; ἡ φύσει μ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Adv.</span>179.16</span>: Comp., φωνήεντι μακροτέρῳ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Po.</span>1458a1</span>; also [[μακρά]] (sc. [[προσῳδία]]), ἡ, [[mark of long quantity]], <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>1.113</span>, D.T.<span class="title">Supp.</span>674.7; ᾱ μακρόν <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span>112</span>. <span class="bibl">6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> neut. with Preps. in adverb. sense, <b class="b3">διὰ μακροῦ</b> (sc. [[χρόνου]]) after [[a long time]], [[long delayed]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>320</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>1069</span>; <b class="b3">οὐ διὰ μακροῦ</b> not [[long after]], <span class="bibl">Th.6.15</span>,<span class="bibl">91</span>, Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>2.151b (also of place, οὐ διὰ μ. τῆς Ῥώμης <span class="bibl">D.H.9.56</span>); διὰ μακρῶν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>420.1</span>; διὰ μακρᾶς <span class="bibl">Phalar.<span class="title">Ep.</span> 69.1</span>; but <b class="b3">διὰ μακρῶν</b> [[at great length]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>449b</span>, etc.; διὰ μακροτέρων <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.106</span>; <b class="b3">μικρῷ διὰ μ</b>. at somewhat [[greater length]], <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Pol.</span>1279b11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ὄλβος οὐκ ἐς μακρὸν ἔρχεται</b> for no [[long time]], <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>3.105</span>; <b class="b3">ἐς τὰ μακρότατα</b> to the [[utmost]], <span class="bibl">Th.6.31</span>; v. [[μακράν]] ''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μακρόν</b> [[far]], [[a long way]], πορεύεσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.4.47</span>; of Time, <span class="bibl">Call. <span class="title">Del.</span>255</span>; ὅσον ἐπὶ μακρότατον οἷοί τε ἐγενόμεθα ἐξικέσθαι ἀκοῇ <span class="bibl">Hdt. 4.16</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">2.34</span> ([[ἐπὶ]] omitted <span class="bibl">1.171</span> codd.); τοσόνδε ἐπὶ μ. ἐπυθόμην <span class="bibl">Id.2.29</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ μακρότερον</b> [[yet more]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.41</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> regul. Comp. and Sup., v. supr.: irreg. Comp. [[μάσσων]], Sup. [[μήκιστος]], v. sub vocc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> Adv. [[μακρῶς]] = [[at great length]], opp. [[συντόμως]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span> 1416b4</span>; [[slowly]], <span class="bibl">Plb.3.51.2</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ἔχειν τοῖν σκέλοιν</b> have [[long]] legs, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Gym.</span>31</span>; of pronunciation, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>15</span>; μ. ἐκφέρειν συλλαβήν <span class="bibl">Str.13.1.68</span>: but the Adv. is usu. expressed by neut. [[μακρόν]] or [[μακρά]], cf. supr. <span class="bibl">1.3</span>; <b class="b3">μακρὰ κλάειν</b> to howl [[loudly]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>211</span>; οἰμώξει μ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span>1207</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>111</span>; ὀτοτύζεσθαι μ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lys.</span>520</span>; <b class="b3">τί μακρὰ δεῖ λέγειν</b>; <span class="bibl">Antiph.33.5</span>; also by [[μακράν]] (v. sub voc.); or by neut. with a Prep., v. supr. ''III'': for Comp. and Sup. of the Adv., v. [[μακροτέρως, μακροτάτω]]: neut. pl. -ότερα as Adv., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>250c</span>, al.— Fem. [[μακρά]] not to be confused with [[μάκρα]] (q. v.). (Cf. Avest. mas-'long', Lat. [[macer]].) </span>

|auten=comp. [[μακρότερος]] and [[μᾶσσον]], [[sup]]. [[μακρότατος]]: [[long]], [[tall]], of [[space]] and of [[time]] ([[κέλευθος]], ἤματα), and of things [[that]] are [[high]] or [[deep]] ([[οὔρεα]], δένδρα, φρείατα, Il. 21.197); freq. adv., [[μακρόν]], μακρά, [[far]], [[afar]], [[βοᾶν]], ἀῦτεῖν; μακρὰ [[βιβάς]], ‘[[with]] [[long]] strides.’

|sltr=[[μακρός]] (-ός, -ῷ, -όν; -ά nom., acc.: comp. μακρότερον, -ῳ; -ας, -αν, -αι.) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> of [[time]], [[long]], [[enduring]] μακρότεραι Τερψίᾳ θ' ἕψοντ Ἐριτίμῳ τ ἀοιδαί (O. 13.41) μακρὸν δ' [[οὐκ]] ὑπέμεινεν ὄλβον (P. 2.26) μὴ σὺν [[μακρῷ]] πόνῳ (P. 8.73) [[τῶν]] γὰρ ἀνὰ πόλιν εὑρίσκων τὰ μέσα μακροτέρῳ ὄλβῳ τεθαλότα (Tric.: μακροτέρῳ σὺν ὄλβῳ codd.) (P. 11.52) [ὁ μακρὸς αἰὼν (θνατὸς v. l.) (N. 3.75) ] μακρὰ μὲν τὰ Περσέος ἀμφὶ Μεδοίσας Γοργόνος pr. (N. 10.4) ἀλλὰ χαλκὸν μυρίον οὐ δυνατὸν ἐξελέγχειν. μακροτέρας γὰρ ἀριθμῆσαι σχολᾶς (N. 10.46) καὶ [[μηκέτι]] μᾰκροτέραν σπεύδειν ἀρετάν [[too]] [[enduring]] (I. 4.13) [[οὔτοι]] τετύφλωται μᾰκρὸς [[μόχθος]] [[ἀνδρῶν]] (I. 5.56) ἐμοὶ δὲ μᾰκρὸν (sc. ἐστι) πάσας ἀναγήσασθ' ἀρετάς (I. 6.56) ἀλλ' ἦ μακ[ρ]ότερον fr. 6a. e. n. pl. pro subs., βαιὰ δ' ἐν μακροῖσι ποικίλλειν ἀκοὰ σοφοῖς (P. 9.77) [[add]]. [[art]]., τὰ μακρὰ δ' ἐξενέπειν ἐρύκει με τεθμὸς ὧραί τ ἐπειγόμεναι (N. 4.33) cf. (P. 4.247) sc. χρόνον, [[ὄλβος]] [[οὐκ]] ἐς μακρὸν [[ἀνδρῶν]] ἔρχεται (P. 3.105) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> of [[distance]], [[long]], [[far]] (n. pl.) μακρά μοι νεῖσθαι κατ' ἀμαξιτόν (P. 4.247) μακρά μοι [[αὐτόθεν]] ἅλμαθ' ὑποσκάπτοι [[τις]] (N. 5.19) pro adv., μᾰκρὰ δὲ ῥίψαις (P. 1.45) μακρὰ δισκήσαις ἀκοντίσσαιμι (I. 2.35) met., τὰ μακρὰ δ' εἴ [[τις]] παπταίνει, βραχὺς ἐξικέσθαι χαλκόπεδον [[θεῶν]] ἕδραν wh t is [[distant]], [[unattainable]] (I. 7.43)

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[long]], [[great]], [[high]] also [[deep]], [[tall]], [[far]], [[lasting long]] (Il.).<br />Compounds: Many compp., e.g. <b class="b3">μακρό-βιος</b> [[with long life]] (Hdt., Hp.), <b class="b3">ἐπί-</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπό-</b>, <b class="b3">πρό-μακρος</b> [[rather long]] (Hp.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 100).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">μακρό-τερος</b> (θ 20 = σ 195), <b class="b3">-τατος</b> (Ξ 288 a. 373); besides the primary [[μάσσων]], [[μήκιστος]], s. on [[μῆκος]]. Nominal abstracts: [[μάκρος]] n. [[length]] (Ar. Av. 1131; prob. accidental formation, cf. Chantraine Form. 417); [[μακρότης]] f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (hell.). Denomin. [[μακρύνω]] [[lengthen]], [[remove]] (LXX, Hero) with [[μακρυσμός]] [[long intermediate]], [[μάκρυμμα]] n. [[things thrown away]] (LXX; [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[μάκρυνσις]]).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [699] <b class="b2">*meh₂ḱ-</b> [[long]], [[thin]], [[tall]]<br />Etymology: Old adj., also preserved in Latin and German.: Lat. [[macer]] [[meager]], [[thinn]], Germ., e.g. OHG [[magar]], OWNo. [[magr]] [[meager]]', IE <b class="b2">*mh₂ḱrós</b>. A parallel <b class="b2">l-</b>formation is found in Hitt. <b class="b2">mak-l-ant-</b> [[meager]]; cf. also [[μακεδνός]]. In the sense of [[long]], [[high]] [[μακρός]] pushed out inherited [[δολιχός]]; vgl. Porzig Gliederung 111. S. [[μῆκος]].