φθορά: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. φθορή, ἡ, (φθείρω) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[destruction]], [[ruin]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.161</span>, <span class="bibl">7.18</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Vict.</span>1.5</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>406</span> (lyr.), etc.; of persons, [[death]], esp. by some general visitation, as pestilence, <span class="bibl">Th.2.47</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>677a</span> (pl.), <span class="title">GDI</span> 5104c11 (Crete, pl.); ἀνδροθνῆτας Ἰλίου φθοράς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>814</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> of animals, [[loss by death]], PStrassb.24.26,31 (ii A. D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Philos., [[passing out of existence]], [[ceasing to be]], γενομένῳ παντὶ φ. ἐστι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 546a</span>; περὶ γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>95e</span>, title of work by Arist., cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>55a</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>229b13</span>, Gal.6.6; <b class="b3">ἡ φ. μεταβολή τίς ἐστι</b> τῶν φθειρομένων εἰς τοὐναντίον ἑκάστῳ Plu.2.948f: pl., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>96b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>490e</span>, al.: with dat. (instrumental), ἡ μεγίστηφθορὰ ὕδασιν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>23c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">22d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[deterioration]], <b class="b3">εἰς καρπογονίαν</b> in respect of . . <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span> 5.8.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[loss by deterioration]], ἐκφορίου . . ἀνυπολόγου πάο ης φθορᾶς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>105.3</span>,<span class="bibl">18</span> (ii B. C.); [[damage]], ἐκτεῖσαι τὴν γεγονυῖαν ὑπ' αὐτῶν τοῦ χόρτου . . φ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1824.29</span> (i B. C.); misspelt [[φθαρά]] ib.<span class="bibl">1866.3</span> (i B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[seduction]], [[ἐλευθέρων]] Lexap. <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.12</span>; [[παρθένων]], [[γυναικῶν]], Plu.2.712c (pl.), <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.2.37</span> (pl.), cf. <span class="bibl">Parth.35.3</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.2.25</span>; [[rape]], <span class="bibl">Str.6.1.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[abortion]] or [[miscarriage]], IG22.1365.22, 1366.7, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.56</span>, Gal.17(1).800; τοῦ ἐμβρύου <span class="bibl">Sor.1.59</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[gradation of colours]] in painting, Plu.2.346a; <b class="b3">τὰς μίξεις τῶν χρωμάτων οἱ ζωγράφοι φθορὰς ὀνομάζουσι</b> ib.725c, cf. 393c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> = [[φθόη]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span>7.80</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> [[storm-tossings]] or [[shipwrecks]], τί τοι λέγοιμ' ἂν τὰς ἐν Αἰγαίῳ φθοράς; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>766</span>; cf. φθείρω <span class="bibl">11.4</span>.</span>

|sngr='''原文音譯'''：fqor£ 弗拖拉<br />'''詞類次數'''：名詞（9）<br />'''原文字根'''：敗壞 相當於： （[[חָבַל]]&#x200E;）  （[[נָבֵל]]&#x200E; / [[נָבַל]]&#x200E;）  （[[שַׁחַת]]&#x200E;）<br />'''字義溯源'''：腐朽，朽壞，敗壞，敗壞人，朽壞，宰殺，變壞，腐化，喪失；源自（[[φθείρω]]）*=毀壞）。參讀 （[[ἀναιρέω]]）同義字<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（9）；羅（1）；林前（2）；加（1）；西（1）；彼後（4）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 敗壞（5） 羅8:21； 加6:8； 西2:22； 彼後1:4； 彼後2:19；<br />2） 敗壞人（1） 彼後2:12；<br />3） 宰殺（1） 彼後2:12；<br />4） 朽壞的（1） 林前15:50；<br />5） 朽壞（1） 林前15:42