καθαρός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ά, όν, Dor. καθαρός <span class="title">Tab.Heracl.</span>1.103, <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">Fr.</span>32c</span>.''1'', Aeol. κόθ- Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>7.3; cf. [[ἀνακαθαίρω]], [[κάθαρσις]]: <span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> [[physically clean]], [[spotless]] (not in Il.), εἵματα <span class="bibl">Od.6.61</span>, <span class="bibl">Archil.12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>35</span>,<span class="bibl">562</span>, etc.; of persons, [[cleanly]], κ. περὶ ἐσθῆτα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">VV</span>1250b28</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.</span>1416a23</span> ([[nisi legendum|nisi leg.]] [[καθάριος]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[clear of admixture]], [[clear]], [[pure]], especially of water, Βορυσθένης ῥέει καθαρὸς παρὰ θολεροῖσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.53</span>; κ. ὕδατα <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hipp.</span>209</span> (anap.); ὕδωρ κ. ζῶν <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Nu.</span>5.17</span>; δρόσοι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>96</span> (anap.); κ. καὶ διαφανῆ ὑδάτια <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>229b</span>; οὖρον <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span>1.3</span>; διαχώρημα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Coac.</span>640</span>; <b class="b3">κ. φάος, φέγγος</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>6.14</span>, <span class="bibl">9.90</span>; πνεῦμα κ. οὐρανοῦ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>867</span>; κ. ἄρτος <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.40</span>; of [[white]] bread, Wilcken <span class="title">Chr.</span>30i17 (iii/ii B.C.), <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ju.</span>10.5</span>, Gal.6.482, 19.137; <b class="b3">ἄλευρον κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Diocl.Fr.139</span>; <b class="b3">χρυσίον, ἀργύριον -ώτατον</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.166</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc.15.36</span>, <span class="bibl">Ph.1.190</span>, etc.; σῖτος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>18.8</span>; σῖτος κ. ἀπὸ πάντων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.84</span> ([[a]]).<span class="bibl">6</span> (iv/iii B.C.): freq. of grain, [[winnowed]], πυρὸς κ. ἄδολος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1124.11</span> (i A.D.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>93.36</span> (ii B.C.), etc.; of metals, etc., σίδηρος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sammelb.</span>4481.13</span> (v A.D.), etc.; [[ἀρωμάτων]], [[καθαρῶν]], [[λαχάνων]], dub. sens. in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>2.429.6</span> (iv A.D.); ἄκρατος καὶ κ. νοῦς <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.7.30</span>; χρόαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Sens.</span>440a5</span>; φωναί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aud.</span>801b28</span>; of feelings, [[unmixed]], μῖσος τῆς ἀλλοτρίας φύσεως <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>245d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thgn.89</span>; [[serene]], φρήν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1120</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[clear of objects]], [[free]], <b class="b3">ἐν καθαρῷ</b> (sc. [[τόπῳ]]) in an [[open]] space, ἐν κ., ὅθι δὴ νεκύων διεφαίνετο χῶρος <span class="bibl">Il.8.491</span>; ἐν κ., ὅθι κύματ' ἐπ' ἠϊόνος κλύζεσκον <span class="bibl">23.61</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ph.2.535</span> (Sup.); <b class="b3">πάξαις Ἄλτιν ἐν κ</b>. in [[a clearing]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10</span> (''ΙΙ'').<span class="bibl">45</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν κ. βῆναι</b> to leave the way [[clear]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1575</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἐν τῷ κ. οἰκεῖν</b> live in [[the clear sunshine]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>520d</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ καθαροῦ ῥέειν</b>, of a river whose course is [[clear and open]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.202</span>: with Subst., <b class="b3">κελεύθῳ ἐν κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.23</span>; <b class="b3">χῶρος κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.132</span>; ἐν κ. λειμῶνι <span class="bibl">Theoc.26.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν ἡλίῳ κ</b>. in the [[open]] sun, opp. [[σκιά]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>239c</span>; <b class="b3">ὥς σφι τὸ ἐμποδὼν ἐγεγόνεε κ</b>. was [[cleared away]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.183</span>; <b class="b3">κ. ποιεῖσθαι τὰς ἀρκυστασίας</b> set up the nets [[in open ground]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.6</span>; freq. of land, [[free]] from weeds, etc., <b class="b3">παραδώσω τὸν κλῆρον κ. ἀπὸ θρύου καλάμου ἀγρώστεως κτλ</b>. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>105.59</span> (ii B.C.); παραδώσω τὰς ἀρούρας κ. ὡς ἔλαβον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1018.25</span>(iii A.D.): c. gen., <b class="b3">γλῶσσα καθαρὴ τῶν σημηΐων</b> [[clear]] of the marks, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.38</span>; <b class="b3">καθαρὸν τῶν προβόλων</b>, of a fort, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>2.21.7</span>; of documents, [[free from mistakes]], POxy.1277.13 (iii A.D.); <b class="b3">χειρόγραφον κ. ἀπὸ ἐπιγραφῆς καὶ ἀλείφαδος</b> [[free]] from interlineation and erasure, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>2.178.13</span> (ii A.D.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> metaph., [[free]], [[clear]] of debt, liability, etc., κ. ἀπὸ δημοσίων καὶ παντὸς εἴδους <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>197.14</span> (i A.D.); <b class="b3">κ. ἀπό τε ὀφειλῆς καὶ ὑποθήκης καὶ παντὸς διεγγυήματος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">112.11</span> (i A.D.); γῆ κ. ἀπὸ γεωργίας βασιλικῆς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>633</span> (ii A.D.); <b class="b3">καθαρὰ ποιῆσαι</b> to give a [[discharge]], PAvrom. 1 <span class="title">A</span>22; in moral sense, [[free from pollution]], <b class="b3">καθαρῷ θανάτῳ</b> an [[honourable]] death, <span class="bibl">Od.22.462</span>; θάνατον οὐ κ., τὸν δι' ἀγχόνης <span class="bibl">Ph.2.491</span>; ψυχαὶ ἀρηΐφατοι καθαρώτεραι ἢ ἐνὶ νούσοις <span class="bibl">Heraclit.136</span>; freq. [[free from guilt]] or [[defilement]], [[pure]], χεῖρες <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span> 313</span> (anap.); καθαρὸς χεῖρας <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.35</span>, <span class="bibl">Antipho5.11</span>, <span class="bibl">And.1.95</span>; κ. παρέχειν τινὰ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα καὶ κατὰ τὴν ψυχήν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>405b</span>; <b class="b3">ἔρχομαι ἐκ κοθαρῶν κοθαρά</b> Orph<span class="title">Fr.</span>32c.1,al.; of ceremonial [[purity]], <b class="b3">καθαρὰ καὶ ἁγνή εἰμι ἀπό τε τῶν ἄλλων τῶν οὐ καθαρευόντων καὶ ἀπ' ἀνδρὸς συνουσίας</b> Jusj. ap. <span class="bibl">D.59.78</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>78.28</span> (ii B.C.), <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Nu.</span>8.7</span>,al.; ἀπὸ τάφου καὶ ἐκφορᾶς καθαροί <span class="title">SIG</span>982.9 (ii B.C.); especially of persons [[purified]] after pollution, <b class="b3">ἱκέτης προσῆλθες κ</b>. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>474</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>548</span>, etc.; also of things, <b class="b3">βωμοί, θύματα, δόμος, μέλαθρα</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>654</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">IT</span>1163</span>, <span class="bibl">1231</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl">693</span>: c. gen., [[clear of]] or [[from]]…, κ. ἐγκλημάτων <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.4.11</span>; [[ἀδικίας]], [[κακῶν]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>496d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cra.</span>404a</span>; ὁ τῶν κακῶν κ. τόπος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>177a</span>; κ. τὰς χεῖρας φόνου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>864e</span>; Κόρινθον… ἀποδεῖξαι τῶν μιαιφόνων καθαράν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.4.6</span>; κ. εἰμι ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος πάντων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>20.26</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.C.37.24</span>; κ. ἀπὸ ὅρκου <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>24.8</span>; [[ceremonially pure]], of food, ὄσπριον <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.37</span>; of victims, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ge.</span>7.2</span>,al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGen.</span>32.9</span> (ii A.D.), etc.; <b class="b3">κ. ἡμέραι</b>, opp. [[ἀποφράδες]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>800d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> in act. sense, [[purifying]], [[cleansing]], λέβης <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.26</span>; θέειον <span class="bibl">Theoc. 24.96</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> of birth, [[pure]], [[genuine]], σπέρμα θεοῦ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.15</span>; [[πόλις]] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>673</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν Ἀθηναίων ὅπερ ἐστράτευε καθαρὸν ἐξῆλθε</b>, i.e. were [[citizens of pure blood]], <span class="bibl">Th.5.8</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ τῷ γένει μὴ κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>13.5</span>; <b class="b3">κ. ἀστοί</b> Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>506</span>; [[καθαρόν]] a [[real]], [[genuine]] saying, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1015</span>; <b class="b3">κ. Τίμων</b> [[a]] Timon [[pure and simple]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span>1549</span>; κ. δοῦλος <span class="bibl">Antiph.9</span> (glossed by [[ἀπηκριβωμένος]], <span class="title">AB</span>105); <b class="b3">ζημία κ</b>., of a person, Alciphro 3.21. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> of language, [[pure]], [[ὀνόματα]], [[λέξις]], <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>1</span>, <span class="bibl">3</span>; διάλεκτος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Dem.</span>5</span>; so of writers, [Λυσίας] κ. τὴν ἑρμηνείαν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lys.</span>2</span>; [Ξενοφῶν] κ. τοῖς ὀνόμασι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pomp.</span>4</span>; also, [[clear]], [[simple]], <b class="b3">σεμνὸς καὶ κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Jul.<span class="title">Or.</span>2.77a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> Gramm., [[preceded by a vowel]], [[pure]], <span class="bibl">D.T. 635.10</span>, <span class="bibl">639.5</span>, Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.930</span>, al.; <b class="b2">containing a 'pure' syllable</b>, ib. <span class="bibl">928</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[without blemish]], [[sound]], <b class="b3">ὁ κ. στρατός, τὸ κ. τοῦ στρατοῦ</b>, the [[sound portion]] of the army, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.211</span>,<span class="bibl">4.135</span>; v. supr. <span class="bibl">4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> [[clear]], [[exact]], <b class="b3">ἂν κ. ὦσιν αἱ ψῆφοι</b> if the accounts are [[exactly balanced]], <span class="bibl">D.18.227</span> (sed cf. καθαιρέω <span class="bibl">11.5</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Adv. [[purely]], ἁγνῶς καὶ καθαρῶς <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>121</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>337</span>: Comp. -ωτέρως <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span>2.44</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of birth, κ. γεγονέναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.147</span>; αἱ κ. Ἑλληνίδες <span class="bibl">Sor.1.112</span>, cf.Luc.<span class="title">Rh. Pr.</span>24. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[with clean hands]], [[honestly]], <b class="b3">σὺν δίκῃ… καὶ κ</b>. <span class="bibl">Thgn.198</span>; <b class="b3">δικαίως καὶ κ</b>. <span class="bibl">D.9.62</span>; κ. τε καὶ μετρίως τὸν βίον διεξελθεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span> 108c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[clearly]], [[plainly]], λέγειν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>631</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>35</span> (anap.); λέξις κ. καὶ ἀκριβῶς ἔχουσα <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.4</span>; κ. γνῶναι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1045</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>66e</span>; [[εἴσεσθαι]] ibid.; καθαρώτατα ἀποδεῖξαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cra.</span>426b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> of language, [[purely]], [[correctly]], -ώτερον διαλέγεσθαι Plu.2.1116e, cf. <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Im.</span>15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[entirely]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>591</span>; κ. τις ὢν ἀόργητος Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.71 W.; κ. ἐς ἐφήβους τελεῖν <span class="bibl">D.C.36.25</span>, cf. <span class="title">Cod.Just.</span>1.4.34.9: Sup. <b class="b3">-ώτατα</b> [[in its purest form]], <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Piet.</span>66</span>.</span>

|sltr=<b>κᾰθᾰρός</b> (-οῦ; -ᾷ, -άν; -ῷ, -όν.) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> [[act]]., [[purifying]] νιν καθαροῦ λέβητος ἔξελε [[Κλωθώ]] (others interpr. as [[pass]].) (O. 1.26) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> [[pass]]., [[unsullied]]: [[honest]] πρὸς ἡσυχίαν φιλόπολιν καθαρᾷ γνώμᾳ τετραμμένον (O. 4.16) Ὀρτυγίας τὰν [[Ἱέρων]] καθαρῷ σκάπτῳ διέπων (O. 6.93) φέροισα [[σπέρμα]] θεοῦ καθαρόν (P. 3.15) (πλοῦτον) ἀρετᾷ κεκραμένον καθαρᾷ (P. 5.2) διδάξαμεν χρυσὸν καθαρᾷ βασάνῳ (Casaubon: κιθάραι codd. Athenaei) fr. 122. 16. of [[light]], [[clear]], φάει δὲ ἐν καθαρῷ (P. 6.14) Χαρίτων κελαδεννᾶν μή με λίποι καθαρὸν [[φέγγος]] (P. 9.90) κελαινεφέι δὲ σκότει καλύψαι [[σέλας]] καθαρὸν ἁμέρας fr. 108b. 4. of [[place]], [[unobstructed]] κελεύθῳ τ' ἐν καθαρᾷ βάσομεν ὄκχον (O. 6.23) εἰ δὲ τέτραπται θεοδότων ἔργων κέλευθον ἂν καθαράν (I. 5.23) pro subs., Ἄλτιν μὲν ὅγ' ἐν καθαρῷ διέκρινε in the [[open]] (O. 10.45) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> frag. ]καθαρὸν δ[ (Pae. 8.90)

|lsmtext='''κᾰθᾰρός:''' -ά, -όν,<br /><b class="num">I. 1.</b> [[καθαρός]] από βρωμιά, [[ακηλίδωτος]], [[αγνός]], μη [[ρυπαρός]], σε Ομήρ. Οδ., Ηρόδ., Ευρ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[καθαρός]], [[ανοιχτός]], [[ελεύθερος]], <i>ἐν καθαρῷ</i> (ενν. <i>τόπῳ</i>), σε καθαρό [[πεδίο]], σε ανοικτό [[τοπίο]], σε Ομήρ. Ιλ.· ἐν καθαρῷ [[βῆναι]], [[αφήνω]] το δρόμο ανοικτό, σε Σοφ.· <i>διὰ καθαροῦ ῥέειν</i>, λέγεται για [[ποτάμι]] που η ροή του είναι καθαρή και ανοικτή, σε Ηρόδ.· τὸν ἐμποδὼν [[ἐγεγόνεε]] καθαρόν, το [[εμπόδιο]], το [[κώλυμα]] εξαλείφθηκε, στον ίδ.· με γεν., [[γλῶσσα]] καθαρὴ [[τῶν]] σημηΐων, καθαρή από σημάδια, στον ίδ.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> με [[ηθική]] [[σημασία]], [[καθαρός]] από [[ντροπή]] ή [[μίασμα]], [[αγνός]], [[καθαρός]], <i>καθαρῷ θανάτῳ</i>, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.· [[ιδίως]], [[καθαρός]] από ενοχές ή μολυσματικό [[μίασμα]], [[καθαρός]], [[αμόλυντος]], [[αγνός]], σε Θέογν., Αισχύλ.· <i>καθαρὸς χεῖρας</i>, σε Ηρόδ.· ομοίως επίσης, λέγεται για πρόσωπα που έχουν εξαγνιστεί [[μετά]] από [[μίασμα]], [[ἱκέτης]] προσῆλθες κ., σε Αισχύλ.· λέγεται για πράγματα, <i>βωμοί</i>, <i>θύματα</i>, <i>δόμοι</i>, <i>μέλαθρα</i>, στον ίδ., Ευρ.· με γεν., [[αθώος]] ή απαλλαγμένος από [[κατηγορία]], <i>κ. ἐγκλημάτων</i>, <i>ἀδικίας</i>, <i>κακῶν</i>, κ.λπ., το sceleris [[purus]] του Ορατ., σε Πλάτ., Ξεν.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> αντίθ. προς το [[θαλερός]], [[καθαρός]] από προσμίξεις, [[διαυγής]], [[αγνός]], [[γνήσιος]], χρησιμοποιείται για το [[νερό]], σε Ηρόδ., Ευρ.· ομοίως επίσης, κ. [[φάος]], [[φέγγος]], σε Πίνδ.· κ. [[ἄρτος]] [[χρυσός]], σε Ηρόδ.· [[ἀργύριον]], σε Θεόκρ.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> λέγεται για [[καταγωγή]], αντίθ. προς το [[ξένος]], [[καθαρός]], [[γνήσιος]], σε Πίνδ., Ευρ.· [[τῶν]] Ἀθηναίων [[ὅπερ]] ἐστράτευε καθαρὸν ἐῆλθε, δηλ. ήταν πολίτες γνήσιοι στην [[καταγωγή]], σε Θουκ.· <i>καθαρόν</i>, ειλικρινή, γνήσια [[λόγια]], στον ίδ.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> ο [[χωρίς]] [[ελάττωμα]], [[αψεγάδιαστος]], <i>τὸ καθαρὸν τοῦ στρατοῦ</i>, το άριστο, το υγιές, το καλύτερο [[κομμάτι]] του στρατεύματος, σε Ηρόδ.<br /><b class="num">7.</b> [[καθαρός]], [[ακριβής]], ἂν καθαραὶ [[ὦσιν]] αἱ ψῆφοι, αν οι υπολογισμοί των [[ψήφων]] είναι ακριβείς και σωστοί, σε Δημ.<br /><b class="num">II. 1.</b> επίρρ., [[καθαρῶς]], σε Ησίοδ.· [[καθαρῶς]] γεγονέναι, είμαι [[καθαρόαιμος]], σε Ηρόδ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> αυτός που έχει [[καθαρά]] χέρια, [[τίμιος]], σε Θέογν., Πλάτ.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[καθαρά]], με [[σαφήνεια]], σταράτα, απλά, <i>λέγειν</i>, σε Αριστοφ.· [[γνῶναι]], [[εἰδέναι]], στον ίδ., Πλάτ.

|elnltext=καθαρός -ά -όν, Aeol. κόθαρος, Dor. κοθαρός schoon, zonder vuil:; καθαρὰ... εἵματ ’ ἔχοντα met schone kleren Od. 6.61; adv., overdr.: ἀναλέξει πάντας καθαρῶς αὐτοὺς ἀγέλη μία κιχλῶν één enkele groep lijsters zal hen allemaal totaal wegpikken Aristoph. Av. 591. zuiver, helder:; καθαρά τὰ ὑδάτια de watertjes zijn helder Plat. Phaedr. 229b; overdr.: καθαρῶς λέγειν helder spreken Aristoph. Ve. 631. vrij van belemmeringen:; χῶρος καθαρός een open terrein Hdt. 1.132.1; subst.: ἐν καθαρῷ in een open ruimte Il. 8.491. overdr. rein, zuiver, vrij van smet:; οὐ καθαρὸς χεῖρας met onreine handen Hdt. 1.35.1; καθαρὸν παρέχειν τὸν ἄνθρωπον καὶ κατὰ τὸ σῶμα καὶ κατὰ τὴν ψυχήν de mens zuiver maken van lichaam en geest Plat. Crat. 405b; καθαροί ἐστε διὰ τὸν λόγον jullie zijn rein door mijn woord NT Io. 15.3; met gen.: καθαρὸς ἀδικίας vrij van onrecht Plat. Resp. 496e; καθαρός εἰμι ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος ik ben onschuldig aan het bloed NT Act. Ap. 20.26. zuiver, puur (van topkwaliteit):; χρυσίον καθαρώτατον ἀπεψήσας ἐς τὸ δυνώτατον nadat hij goud zo zuiver mogelijk had laten raffineren Hdt. 4.166.2; τοῦ καθαροῦ στρατοῦ van het elitekorps Hdt. 1.211.2; τῶν γὰρ ’ Αθηναίων ὅπερ ἐστράτευε καθαρὸν ἐξῆλθε de troepenmacht van de Atheners die uitrukte was louter Atheens Thuc. 5.8.2; Τίμων καθαρός een echte Timon Aristoph. Av. 1549; adv.: οἱ καθαρῶς γεγονότες ῎Ιωνες de Ioniërs van zuivere afkomst Hdt. 1.147.2.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">clean, spotless, pure, unmixed, white (of bread, linnen)</b> (Il.); [[καθάρειος]] (<b class="b3">-ιος</b>) [[pure]], [[elegant]] (Arist., Men., Plb.), adv. [[καθαρείως]] (X.), after [[ἀστεῖος]]; [[καθάρυλλος]] ([[ἄρτος]] etc., Com.; cf. Leumann Glotta 32, 219 n. 3).<br />Other forms: Dor. (Heracl.) [[κοθαρός]], Aeol. (Alc.) [[κόθαρος]]<br />Derivatives: [[καθαρότης]] [[purity]] (Hp., Pl.), <b class="b3">καθαρ(ε)ιότης</b> [[purity]], [[refinement]] (Hdt.). - Denomin. verbs: 1. [[καθαίρω]] (<b class="b3">κοθ-</b> Herakl.), often with prefix, e. g. <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, aor. [[καθῆραι]] (<b class="b3">-ᾶραι</b>) [[purify]] (Il.) with [[κάθαρσις]] (IA.), <b class="b3">κόθ-</b> (El.) [[purification]], [[καθαρμός]] [[atonement]] (Hdt., trag.), [[κάθαρμα]], often in plur. [[purification]], [[refuse]] (Att.); [[καθαρτής]] [[purifyer]], [[conciliater]] (Hp., S.), <b class="b3">-τήρ</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Man., Plu.), <b class="b3">-τήριος</b> (D. H.); [[καθάρσιος]] (: [[καθαρτής]], [[κάθαρσις]], [[καθαρτός]]) [[purifying]] (Hdt., trag.), [[καθαρτικός]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Hp., Pl.). - 2. [[καθαρίζω]], also with prefix, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐκ-</b>, <b class="b3">περι-</b>, [[purify]] (LXX) with [[καθαρισμός]] (LXX), [[καθάρισις]] (pap.) a. o. - 3. [[καθαρεύω]] [[be pure]] (Ar., Pl.) with [[καθάρευσις]] (H., EM); also <b class="b3">καθαρι-εύω</b> (Paus., gramm.). - 4. <b class="b3">καθαρι-όω</b> [[purify]] (LXX).<br />Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]<br />Etymology: Solmsen KZ 37, 7A. thought that [[καθαρός]] was assimilated from [[κοθαρός]]; Schwyzer 344 thought that [[κοθαρός]] was Aeolic. - No etymology. Suggestions in Bq. Schwyzer 260 (to Lith. <b class="b2">krečiù</b> [[shake]]). Acc. to Debrunner in Ebert, Reallexikon 4, 2, 526 religious term of Pre-Greek origin The variation [[α]]\/[[ο]] proves Pre-Greek origin. (Fur. 391 connects [[ἀθαρής]]; doubtful..