κύριος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῡ], α, ον, also ος, ον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>732</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>143</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span> 1306b20</span>:—Thess. [[κῦρρος]] <span class="title">IG</span>9(2).517.20 (Larissa, iii B.C.): ([[κῦρος]]) (not in Hom.): <span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> of persons, [[having]] [[power]] or [[authority]] [[over]], c. gen., Ζεὺς ὁ πάντων κ. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>5(4).53</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>2.58</span>; ἐμῶν τε καὶ σῶν κ. πιστωμάτων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>878</span>; <b class="b3">πρὶν ἄν σε κ. στήσω τέκνων</b> put thee [[in possession of]]... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1041</span>; κύριοι πολιτείας <span class="bibl">Antipho 3.1.1</span>; κ. καταλύσεως <span class="bibl">Th.4.20</span>; εἰρήνης καὶ πολέμου <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.2.18</span>; κυριώτατοι τοῦ ἱεροῦ <span class="bibl">Th.5.53</span> (but <b class="b3">ὁ κυριώτατος θεὸς τοῦ ἱεροῦ</b>, of the god to whom a temple is dedicated, <span class="title">OGI</span>90.39 (Rosetta, ii B.C.)); τῶν αὑτοὺ κ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>929d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Isoc. 19.34</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">θανάτου κ. τινός</b> [[with power of]] life and death over, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Criti.</span>120d</span>; κ. περί τινος <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1286a24</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">κύριός εἰμι</b> c. inf., I [[have]] [[authority]] to do, am [[entitle]]d to do, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>104</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">οὗτος κ. ὁρκωμοτεῖν</b> (prob. for κυριῶν) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>1189</span>; κ. ἀπολέσαι, σῶσαι δ' ἄκυροι <span class="bibl">And.4.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.5.63</span>, <span class="bibl">8.5</span>; <b class="b3">κυριώτεροι δοῦναι</b> [[better]] [[able]] to [[give]], <span class="bibl">Id.4.18</span>; οὐ… κ. οὔτε ἀνελέσθαι πόλεμον οὔτε καταλῦσαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.7.27</span>; δοῦλοι κ. μαστιγοῦν τοὺς ἐλευθέρους <span class="bibl">Ephor.29</span> J.; αἱ ἀρχαὶ κ. κρίνειν <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Pol.</span>1287b16</span>; also <b class="b3">κ. τοῦ μὴ μεθυσθῆναι</b> [[having power]] not to... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1113b32</span>: c. acc. et inf., κ. εἶναι ἢ τοίαν εἶναι [πόλιν] ἢ τοίαν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span> 429b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> folld. by a dependent clause, κ. γενέσθαι, ὅντινα δεῖ καταστήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Is.6.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> c. part., πριαμένους τι ἢ πωλοῦντας κυρίους εἶναι <span class="bibl">Th.5.34</span>; κ. ἦν πράσσων ταῦτα <span class="bibl">Id.8.51</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.6.37.8</span>, <span class="bibl">18.37.10</span>; κύριοι ἐόντω συλέοντες <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 337.13 (Delph.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> abs., [[having authority]], [[supreme]], <b class="b3">τί τῶνδε κυριωτέρους μένεις</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>965</span>; κυριώτερος σέθεν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>505</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ πατὴρ μέχρι τούτου κ. [ἐστι</b>] <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1402a1</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ κ</b>. the [[sovereign power]] in a state, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1281a11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>565a</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">τὰ κ</b>. the [[supreme authorities]], <span class="bibl">D.19.259</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1365b27</span>; τὰ τῆσδε τῆς γῆς κ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>915</span>; at Athens, <b class="b3">κ. ἐκκλησία</b> a [[sovereign]] or [[principal]] assembly, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>19</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ath.</span>43.4</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.42.22, al., 22.493.8, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀγορὰ κ</b>. ib.1298.7. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of things, <b class="b3">ὁ τῆς ὥρας τῆς καταρχῆς κ. [ἀστήρ</b>] Serapio in <span class="title">Cat.Cod.Astr.</span>1.99: but usu. abs., [[authoritative]], [[decisive]], δίκαι E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>l.c., <span class="bibl">And.1.88</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>50b</span>; <b class="b3">μῦθος κυριώτερος</b> of more [[authority]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>318</span> (troch.); <b class="b3">κυριωτάτη τῶν ἐπιστημῶν [ἡ πολιτική</b>] <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1282b15</span>; αἱ κυριώτεραι ἀρχαί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cael.</span>285a26</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>997a12</span>; [ἡ φρόνησις] τῆς σοφίας κυριωτέρα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">EN</span>1143b34</span>; <b class="b3">κυριωτέρα ἡ καθόλου [ἀπόδειξις</b>] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">APo.</span>86a23</span>; τάραχος ὁ κυριώτατος <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Ep.</span>1p.30U.</span>; of [[sovereign]] remedies, κυριωτάτη τῶν καθάρσεων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>230d</span>; κυριωτάτη κένωσις Gal.1.299; [[important]], [[principal]], <b class="b3">κ. δόξαι</b>, of certain doctrines of Epicurus, Phld.<span class="title">Ir.</span>p.86 W.; τὰ κυριώτατα μέρη τῆς φύσεως <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Sent.</span>9</span>; κυριώτερα μέρη τοῦ σώματος <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Gym.</span>50</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ κυριώτατα</b> the [[principal]] organs, Gal.1.385 (but, the [[most important matters]], <span class="bibl">Epicur.<span class="title">Sent.</span>16</span>); τὸ κυριώτατον τῆς Ἐφέσου <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">VS</span>1.22.4</span>: Gramm., <b class="b3">κ. τόνος</b> [[principal]] accent, D.T.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 674.32. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> opp. [[ἄκυρος]], [[valid]], [[νόμος]], [[δόγματα]], <span class="bibl">D.24.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span> 926d</span>; <b class="b3">κ. ποιεῖν [τὴν γνῶσιν</b>], opp. <b class="b3">ἄκυρον π</b>., <span class="bibl">D.21.92</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">39.15</span>; τὰς συνθήκας κυρίας ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Lys.18.15</span>; ἡ συγγραφὴ ἥδε κ. ἔστω <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PEleph.</span> 1.14</span> (iv B.C.); <b class="b3">ἔστω τὰ κριθέντα κ</b>. Lexap.<span class="bibl">D.21.94</span>; so τὰς τῶν ἄλλων δόξας κ. ποιεῖν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>179b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of times, etc., [[ordained]], [[appointed]], ἡ κυρίη ἡμέρη <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.50</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">93</span> (pl.); ἡ κ. τῶν ἡμερέων <span class="bibl">Id.1.48</span>, <span class="bibl">6.129</span>; κ. ἐν ἡμέρᾳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>732</span>; τόδε κ. ἦμαρ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>105</span> (lyr.), etc.; <b class="b3">κ. μήν</b>, of a woman with child, i.e. the ninth month, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.32</span>; <b class="b3">ὅταν τὸ κ. μόλῃ φάος</b> (prob.) the [[appointed]] time, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>766</span> (lyr.); κ. μένει τέλος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>544</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἡ κ. [ἡμέρα</b>] <span class="bibl">D.21.84</span>, cf. Test.ib.93; but <b class="b3">αἱ κ. [ἡμεραι]</b>, = [[κριτικαί]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Aff.</span>9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[legitimate]], [[lawful]], ὕπνος πόνος τε, κ. ξυνωμόται <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>127</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">327</span>; <b class="b3">κύρι' ἔχοντες</b> having [[lawful power]], ib. <span class="bibl">960</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">ἡ κ. ἀρετή</b> goodness [[proper]], [[real]] goodness, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span> 1144b4</span>; [φλοιὸς] ὁ κ. <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>4.15.1</span>; Rhet. and Gramm., <b class="b3">κ. ὄνομα</b> the [[real]] or [[actual]], hence [[current]], [[ordinary]], name of a thing, opp. [[μεταφορά]], [[γλῶττα]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1404b6</span>, <span class="bibl">1410b12</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Po.</span>1457b3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.H. <span class="title">Comp.</span>21</span>, <span class="bibl">D.L.10.13</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">σπάνει κυρίου ὀνόματος</b> for lack of a [[current]] term, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>24</span>; <b class="b3">κυριώτατα ὀνόματα</b> [[most ordinary]] terms, ib.<span class="bibl">3</span> (hence also <b class="b3">κ. ὄνομα</b> [[proper]], [[personal]] name, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.46.10</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span> 10.11</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hdn.7.5.8</span>; [[ὄνομα]] alone in this sense, <span class="bibl">Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.213</span>); <b class="b3">κ. [λέξεις</b>] Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.181 S.; <b class="b3">κατὰ τὸν κ. τρόπον</b>, opp. [[καταχρωμένη]], ib.1.59 S. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> Adv. [[κυρίως]], v. sub voc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> Subst. κύριος, ὁ, [[lord]], [[master]], τοῖσι κ. δωμάτων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>658</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">689</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>734</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὁ κ</b>. alone, [[head]] of a family, [[master]] of a house (cf. Sch.<span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>965</span>), <span class="bibl">Antipho 2.4.7</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>6</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1269b10</span>; τοὺς κ. τῶν οἰκιῶν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>5.147</span> (ii B.C.); also, [[guardian]] of a woman, <span class="bibl">Is.6.32</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGrenf.</span>2.15</span><span class="bibl"> i 13</span> (ii B.C.), etc.: generally, [[guardian]], [[trustee]], <span class="bibl">Is. 2.10</span>, <span class="bibl">D.43.15</span>, <span class="bibl">46.19</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Epit.</span>89</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> later [[κύριε]], as a form of respectful address, [[sir]], Ev.Jo.12.21, 20.15, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>16.30</span> (pl.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFay.</span> 106.15</span> (ii A.D.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> fem. [[κυρία]], [[ἡ]], [[mistress]], [[lady of the house]], <span class="bibl">Philem.223</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Is.</span>24.2</span>, etc.; κ. τῆς οἰκίας <span class="bibl">Men.403</span>: in voc., [[madam]], <span class="bibl">D.C.48.44</span>; applied to women from fourteen years upwards, <span class="bibl">Epict. <span class="title">Ench.</span>40</span>. (In later Gr. freq. written κύρα, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PGrenf.</span>1.61.4</span> (vi A.D.), etc.) </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[epithet]] of [[Ἶσις]], <span class="title">OGI</span>180 (Egypt, i B.C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of gods, especially in the East, Σεκνεβτῦνις ὁ κ. θεός <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>284.6</span> (i B.C.); Κρόνος κ. <span class="title">CIG</span>4521 (Abila, i A.D.); Ζεὺς κ. <span class="title">Supp.Epigr.</span>2.830 (Damascus, iii A.D.); κ. Σάραπις <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>110.2</span> (ii A.D); ἡ κ. Ἄρτεμις <span class="title">IG</span> 4.1124 (Tibur, ii A.D.); of deified rulers, τοῦ κ. βασιλέος θεοῦ <span class="title">OGI</span>86.8 (Egypt, i B.C.); <b class="b3">οἱ κ. θεοὶ μέγιστοι</b>, of Ptolemy XIV and Cleopatra, <span class="title">Berl.Sitzb.</span>1902.1096: hence, of rulers in general, βασιλεὺς Ἡρώδης κ. <span class="title">OGI</span>415 (Judaea, i B.C.); of Roman Emperors, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>1200.11</span> (Augustus), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>37 i 6</span> (Claudius), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> ὁ [[Κύριος]] = Hebr. [[Yahweh]], <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>11.5</span>, al.; of Christ, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>12.3</span>, etc.</span>

|txtha=κυρίου, ὁ ([[properly]], an adjective [[κύριος]], [[κυρία]], κύριον, [[also]] of [[two]] [[term]].; [[properly]] equivalent to ὁ ἔχων [[κῦρος]], having [[power]] or [[authority]]) (from [[Pindar]] [[down]]), he to whom a [[person]] or [[thing]] belongs, [[about]] [[which]] he has the [[power]] of deciding; [[master]], [[lord]]; used a. [[universally]], of the [[possessor]] and disposer of a [[thing]], the [[owner]] (the Sept. for אָדון, בַּעַל): [[with]] the genitive of the [[thing]], as [[τοῦ]] ἀμπελῶνος, [[τοῦ]] θερισμοῦ, τῆς οἰκίας, the [[master]], [[τοῦ]] πωλου, [[τοῦ]] σαββάτου, [[possessed]] of the [[power]] to [[determine]] [[what]] is [[suitable]] to the sabbath, and of releasing [[himself]] and others from its obligations, [[one]] [[who]] has [[control]] of the [[person]], the [[master]] (A. V. [[lord]]); in the [[household]]: δούλου, παιδίσκης, οἰκονόμου, οἱ δοῦλοι, the [[sovereign]], [[prince]], [[chief]]: the Roman [[emperor]] (on [[this]] [[use]] of [[κύριος]] [[see]] at [[length]] Woolsey in Bib. Sacr. for July 1861, pp. 595-608)), κύριοι, as those to whom, in the [[administration]] of the [[universe]], departments are intrusted by God ([[see]] [[ἄγγελος]], 2): [[κύριος]] is a [[title]] of honor, expressive of [[respect]] and [[reverence]], [[with]] [[which]] servants [[salute]] [[their]] [[master]], Winer's Grammar, § 65,5a.)), κύριε, κύριε, R G in α. to God, the [[ruler]] of the [[universe]] (so the Sept. for אֲדֹנָי, אֱלוהַּ, אֱלֹהִים, יְהוָה, and יָהּ; (the [[term]] [[κύριος]] is used of the gods from [[Pindar]] and [[Sophocles]] [[down]], [[but]] "the [[address]] κύριε, used in [[prayer]] to God, [[though]] [[frequent]] in [[Epictetus]] does [[not]] [[occur]] (so [[far]] as I am [[aware]]) in [[any]] heathen [[writing]] [[before]] the apostolic times; [[sometimes]] we [[find]] κύριε ὁ Θεός, and [[once]] (2,7, 12) he writes κύριε ἐλέησόν (Lightfoot on Philippians , p. 314note{3}))) — [[both]] [[with]] the [[article]], ὁ [[κύριος]]: R G); [[ἔλεος]], 3); R G), etc.; and [[without]] the [[article]] (cf. Winer s Grammar, 124 (118); Buttmann, 88f (77f)): T Tr [[text]] WH [[text]]), 9; [[κύριος]] [[τοῦ]] οὐρανοῦ [[καί]] τῆς γῆς, [[κύριος]] [[τῶν]] κυριευόντων, [[κύριος]] ὁ Θεός, [[see]] Θεός, 3, p. 288a (and [[below]]); [[κύριος]] ὁ Θεός ὁ [[παντοκράτωρ]], [[κύριος]] [[σαβαώθ]], [[ἄγγελος]] and ὁ [[ἄγγελος]] κυρίου, πνευαμα κυρίου, [[ὑπό]] (R G [[add]] the [[article]]) κυρίου, [[παρά]] κυρίου, [[παρά]] κυρίῳ, β. to the Messiah; and [[that]] αα. to the Messiah regarded [[universally]]: ββ. to Jesus as the Messiah, [[since]] by his [[death]] he [[acquired]] a [[special]] ownership in [[mankind]], and [[after]] his [[resurrection]] [[was]] [[exalted]] to a [[partnership]] in the [[divine]] [[administration]] ([[this]] [[force]] of the [[word]] [[when]] applied to Jesus appears [[especially]] in ὁ [[κύριος]], G L T Tr WH); T Tr WH); ὁ [[κύριος]] μου [[καί]] ὁ Θεός μου, [[ἀπό]] [[τοῦ]] κυρίου, [[πρός]] [[τόν]] κύριον ὁ [[κύριος]] [[Ἰησοῦς]], T Tr WH); ὁ [[κύριος]] [[Ἰησοῦς]] [[Χριστός]], R; 23 R G L); WH brackets [[Χριστός]]); R G), etc.; [[κύριος]] [[ἡμῶν]], [[Ἰησοῦς]] added (L T Tr WH in L T Tr ([[yet]] [[without]] [[ἡμῶν]])); so [[with]] [[Χριστός]], G L T Tr WH); and [[Ἰησοῦς]] [[Χριστός]], Buttmann, 155 (136)); R G), ); [[ἡμῶν]])); WH brackets [[ἡμῶν]]); R G); T WH [[omit]] [[ἡμῶν]]); G L T Tr WH [[omit]] [[ἡμῶν]]), etc.; [[Ἰησοῦς]] [[Χριστός]] ὁ [[κύριος]] [[ἡμῶν]], [[Χριστός]] Ἰησης ὁ [[κύριος]] ([[ἡμῶν]]), ὁ [[κύριος]] [[καί]] ὁ [[σωτήρ]], Buttmann, 155 (136)); [[with]] [[Ἰησοῦς]] [[Χριστός]] added, [[κύριος]]: [[κύριος]] κυρίων, i. e. Supreme Lord (cf. Winer s Grammar, § 36,2; (Buttmann, § 123,12)): α. [[above]]; of God, [[ἀπό]] κυρίου, [[κατά]] κύριον, [[πρός]] κύριον, [[σύν]] κυρίῳ, [[ὑπό]] κύριον, ἐν κυρίῳ, [[frequent]] in Paul, and [[except]] in his writings [[found]] [[only]] in ἐν, I:6b., p. 211b. The [[appellation]] ὁ [[κύριος]], applied to Christ, passed [[over]] in Luke and John [[even]] [[into]] [[historic]] [[narrative]], [[where]] the words and works of Jesus [[prior]] to his [[resurrection]] are [[related]]: R G L Tr brackets); T Tr marginal [[reading]] [[Ἰησοῦς]]); [[κύριος]] [[everywhere]] [[not]] of God, [[but]] of Christ. But, to [[omit]] instances [[where]] the [[interpretation]] is [[doubtful]], as ὁ [[κύριος]] τῆς εἰρήνης, cf. ὁ Θεός τῆς εἰρήνης, ἑκάστῳ ὡς ὁ [[κύριος]] ἔδωκεν, [[κατά]] [[τήν]] [[χάριν]] [[τοῦ]] Θεοῦ [[τήν]] δοθεῖσαν μοι in κρινόμενοι [[ὑπό]] [[τοῦ]] κυρίου in Winer, De sensu vocum [[κύριος]] et ὁ [[κύριος]] in actis et epistolis apostolorum. Erlang. 1828; Wesselus Scheffer, diss. theol. exhibens disquisitionem de vocis [[κύριος]] [[absolute]] positae in N. T. usu. Lugd. 1846 (a monograph I [[have]] [[not]] [[seen]]); (Stuart in the Bib. Repos. for Oct. 1831, pp. 733-776; cf. Weiss, Biblical Theol. d. N. T. § 76; Cremer, Biblical-theol. Lex. [[under]] the [[word]]; Abbot in the Journal of the Society for Biblical Literature and Exegesis for June and December, 1881, p. 126ff, June and December, 1883, p. 101 f On the [[use]] of a [[capital]] [[initial]], [[see]] WH. Introductory § 414). The [[word]] does [[not]] [[occur]] in the (Epistle to [[Titus]] ([[critical]] editions), the) First Epistle of John ([[nor]] in the Second or the Third; for in κυρίου is dropped by the [[critical]] editors. Synonym: [[see]] [[δεσπότης]], at the [[end]]).