μάντις: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, gen. εως, Ion. ιος; voc. [[μάντῐ]]: pl., gen. [[μάντεων]] (written μαντειον <span class="title">IG</span>12.503); dat. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> μάντεσι <span class="bibl">Thgn.545</span>: also fem., acc. sg. μάντιδα δάφνην <span class="title">App.Anth.</span>6.122; nom. pl. [[μάντιδες]] Suid.s.v. [[Σίβυλλα]]:— [[diviner]], [[seer]], [[prophet]], ἀλλ' ἄγε δή τινα μ. ἐρείομεν ἢ ἱερῆα ἢ καὶ ὀνειροπόλον <span class="bibl">Il.1.62</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.17.384</span>; <b class="b3">μάντι κακῶν</b> [[prophet]] of ill, <span class="bibl">Il.1.106</span>; with the Greek armies, <span class="bibl">Simon.94</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12.929.129: distinguished from [[χρησμολόγος]], <span class="bibl">Th.8.1</span>; μ. ἀνήρ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).51</span>; of Apollo, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1202</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ch.</span>559</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span> 169</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁ μάντις μάντιν ἐκπράξας ἐμέ</b>, of Apollo and Cassandra, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1275</span>; of the Pythian priestess, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>29</span>; of Amphiaraus, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span> 382</span>, etc.: c. dat. pers., ὁ Θρῃξὶ μ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1267</span> (of Dionysus), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span> 363</span>: c. acc. neut. Pron., μάντις… οὐ καλὸς τάδε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>65</span>: as fem., A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> l.c., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>472</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>239</span>; μ. κόρα <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>11.33</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[presager]], [[foreboder]], μ. εἴμ' ἐσθλῶν ἀγώνων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1080</span> (lyr.), cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>1160</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>402</span>; οὐδεὶς μ. τῶν μελλόντων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1419</span> (anap.); γνώμη δ' ἀρίστη μ. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>757</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> Adj., <b class="b3">τοῦδε μάντεως χοροῦ</b> of this [[prophetic]] band, dub. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>113</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> a kind of [[grasshopper]], the [[praying mantis]], [[Mantis religiosa]], <span class="bibl">Theoc.10.18</span>, Dsc.<span class="title">Eup.</span>1.149. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">green garden-frog, Rana arborea</b>, so called as [[predicting]] the weather, Hsch. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> a kind of [[cabbage]], Nic.<span class="title">Fr.</span>85.7. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> applied to comets, Herm. ap. Stob.1.21.9. (Deriv. from [[μαίνομαι]] by <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>72a</span>, <span class="bibl">72b</span>.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m. and f.<br />Meaning: [[seer]], [[prophet]] (Il.); also name of a plant (Nic.), a grasshopper, [[praying manti]] (Theoc., Dsc.), a garden-frog (H.); as announcing the weather, cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 79.<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">-εως</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ιος</b>.<br />Compounds: often as 2. member in the tragics, e.g. <b class="b3">ἰατρό-μαντις</b> <b class="b2">soothsayer, who is also a physician</b> (A.), cf. Risch IF 59, 272f. Rarely as 1. member, e.g. <b class="b3">μαντι-πόλος</b> [[predicting]] (E. in anap., Orac. ap. Luc., Man.).<br />Derivatives: 1. [[μαντεῖος]], <b class="b3">-ήϊος</b> [[regarding the soothsayer]], [[prophetic]] (P., trag.; after [[βασιλεῖος]] etc.), [[μαντεῖον]], <b class="b3">-ήϊον</b> n. [[oracle]], [[place of an oracle]] (μ 272). 2. [[μαντικός]] <b class="b2">id.</b>, [[μαντική]] ([[τέχνη]]) [[the art of seeing]] (IA.; Chantraine Études 130 a. 143). 3. <b class="b3">μαντῳ̃ος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (AP; after <b class="b3">ἡρῳ̃ος</b> a. o.). 4. [[μαντοσύνη]] [[gift of prophecy]] (Il., Pi., Emp.; after <b class="b3">ἱππο-σύνη</b> etc., Wyss <b class="b3">-συνη</b> 24f., Porzig Satzinhalte 226), <b class="b3">-συνος</b> [[belonging to the seer]], [[oracle]] (Corinna, E. in lyr.; Wyss <b class="b3">-συνη</b> 42). 5. [[μαντεύομαι]], late also <b class="b3">-εύω</b>, [[prophesy]], [[predict]], [[ask an oracle]] (Il., after [[βασιλεύειν]] etc.; cf. Schwyzer 732) with [[μαντεία]], <b class="b3">-είη</b>, <b class="b3">η-ΐη</b> <b class="b2">prophecy, the gift of prophecy, oracle</b> (h. Merc.; Zumbach Neuerungen 9), [[μάντευμα]] [[oracle]] (Pi., trag.), [[μαντευτής]] = [[μάντις]] (Hdt.), <b class="b3">-εύτρια</b> (Sch.). - PN [[Μάντιος]] (Od.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [726] <b class="b2">*men-</b> [[think]]?<br />Etymology: As masc. concretum, esp. as nom. agentis in <b class="b3">-τι-</b>, [[μάντις]] is rather isolated; similar only [[μάρπτις]] [[brigand]] (A. Supp. 826 f.; text defect), [[πόρτις]] [[calf]]; quite uncertain the PN [[Σίντιες]] (Lemnos; [[σίνομαι]]?, s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 76). It lies at hand, to take it like [[φάτις]] as an original abstract fem. (Brugmann; e.g. 4239); on the question Holt Les noms d'action en <b class="b3">-σις</b> 40f., G. Liebert Das Nominalsuffix -ti- im Aind. (Lund 1949) 142ff. After Benveniste Origines 83 we should rather reconstruct an old neuter <b class="b3">*τὸ μάντι</b> [[divination]]; but <b class="b3">μαντι-πόλος</b>, adduced by B., can easily be explained differently, s. above. In nay case [[μάντις]] belongs to [[μαίνομαι]], [[μανῆναι]] (<b class="b3">ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ μαίνεται</b> Hdt. 4, 79; rejected by v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 40); semantically agrees the formally cognate but differently built Skt. <b class="b2">múni-</b> m. [[illuminated]], [[seer]] (rejected by Mayrhofer KEWA 2, 654); in the West there is a different word for it (Lat. [[vātēs]] etc.; Porzig Gliederung 127). The <b class="b2">ti-</b>deriv. in Lat. [[mens]] etc. is qua content far off.<br />See also: Weiteres s. [[μέμονα]] und [[μένος]].