πρόβατον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό, freq. in plural [[πρόβατα]] (but also in sg., <span class="bibl">Cratin.43</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Euthd.</span>302a</span>, etc.); heterocl. dat. [[πρόβασι]] Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.414</span>, Hsch.:— used (among the Ionians and Dorians) of all four-footed <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[cattle]], <span class="bibl">Hdt. 2.41</span>, etc.; πάντων τῶν π. βόες μάλιστα ἀτονέουσι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>8</span>; τὰ ἄλλα π. καὶ ἵππους μάλιστα <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.61</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>316</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12(1).677.31 (Rhodes, iv/iii B.C.); of Europa's bull, <span class="bibl">Simon.28</span>: in Hom. generally of [[cattle]], [[flocks]] and [[herds]], <span class="bibl">Il.14.124</span>, <span class="bibl">23.550</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>571</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>12(7).62.35 (Amorgos, iv B.C.); τὰ π. καὶ καρταίποδα <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>4.35; opp. [[ἄνθρωποι]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>558</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.203</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ λεπτὰ τῶν προβάτων</b> [[small]] [[cattle]], i.e. [[sheep]] and [[goat]]s, ib.<span class="bibl">133</span>, <span class="bibl">8.137</span>; τὸ μὲν μέζον π.... τὸ δὲ μεῖον <span class="title">IG</span>5 (2).3.14 (Tegea, iv B.C.); so later, π. ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρνῶν καὶ τῶν ἐρίφων λήψεσθε <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ex.</span>12.5</span>: but in Att. Prose and Com. (never in Trag.) almost invariably of [[sheep]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>714</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.14</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1672.289, etc.; ὥσπερ π. βῆ βῆ λέγων βαδίζει <span class="bibl">Cratin.43</span>; so in later Boeot., <span class="title">IG</span>7.3171.39,44 (Orchom. Boeot.): generally, [[animals for slaughter]], whether for [[sacrifice]]s, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.56</span>; or for [[food]], <span class="bibl">Id.1.207</span>; cf. <span class="bibl">Antipho 5.29</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[proverb|prov.]] of [[stupid]], [[lazy]] [[people]], [[ἀριθμός]], πρόβατ' ἄλλως <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1203</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">V.</span>32</span>: Com. Comp., <b class="b3">προβάτου προβάτερον</b> [[more]] [[sheepish]] than a [[sheep]], dub. cj. in <span class="bibl">Sophr.122</span>; [[χρυσοῦν πρόβατον]] = Lat. [[pecus aurea]], as nickname, <span class="bibl">D.C.59.8</span>: in other provs., τοὺς γευομένους κύνας τῶν προβάτων [[κατακόπτειν]] φασὶ [[δεῖν]] <span class="bibl">D.25.40</span>; [[λέων]] ἐν προβάτοις <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cleom.</span>33</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.5.35.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> name of a [[sea]]-[[fish]], <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">H.</span>1.146</span>, <span class="bibl">3.139</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>9.38</span>. (Orig. of small [[cattle]], [[sheep]] and [[goat]]s, which in [[primitive]] [[mixed]] [[herd]]s [[walk]] in [[front]] ([[προβαίνει]]) of the larger animals.)</span>