ἥλιος: Difference between revisions

|Full diacritics=ἥλιος

|Definition=ὁ, Ep. ἠέλιος, as always in Hom. (exc. in the late passage <span class="bibl">Od.8.271</span>) and Hes., cf. <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Alim.</span>42</span>: Dor. ἀέλιος [ᾱ] <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.144</span>, <span class="bibl">Call. <span class="title">Cer.</span>92</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Lav.Pall.</span>89</span>, and lyr. in Trag., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>809</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>175</span>, al., but ἅλιος [ᾱ], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>96</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>395</span> (ᾰέλιος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>835</span>): Cret. ἀβέλιος (i.e. ἀ<b class="b3">ϝ-</b>), Hsch.: Aeol. ἀέλιος Sapph.79(= <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Oxy.</span>1787</span><span class="title">Fr.</span>1.25), <span class="title">Supp.</span>25.7; ἄλιος Sapph.69 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]): Arc. ἀέλιος (or ἁ-) <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).4.12 (Tegea, iv B.C.):—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[sun]], <span class="bibl">Il.7.421</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο</b> to see [[the light of life]], [[live]], <span class="bibl">18.61</span>, etc.; ὑπ' ἠελίῳ τε καὶ οὐρανῷ ἀστερόεντι ναιετάουσι <span class="bibl">4.44</span>; γυνὴ . . ἀρίστη τῶν ὑφ' ἡλίῳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>151</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκέτ' ἔστιν ὑφ' ἁλίῳ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">395</span>; also ὑπὸ ἡλίου ἑωρᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.2.102</span>; οἱ ὑπὸ τοῦτον τὸν ἥλιον ἄνθρωποι <span class="bibl">D.18.270</span>; τριῶν τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν ἥ. μεγίστων ἡγεμονιῶν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Luc.</span>30</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], οὐδ' ὁ ἥ. εἴσεται <span class="bibl">Hld.7.21</span>; <b class="b3">ὥσπερ σελήνη γ' ἡλίῳ</b> (sc. [[ὅμοιος]]) a pale reflection, <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>5.15D. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> to determine the cardinal points, <b class="b3">πρὸς ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε</b> towards the <span class="title">East</span>, opp. <b class="b3">πρὸς ζόφον</b>: εἴτ' ἐπὶ δεξί' ἴωσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε, εἴτ' ἐπ' ἀριστερὰ τοί γε ποτὶ ζόφον ἠερόεντα <span class="bibl">Il. 12.239</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.9.26</span>; ὅσοι ναίουσι πρὸς ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε, ἠδ' ὅσσοι μετόπισθε ποτὶ ζόφον <span class="bibl">13.240</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς ἠῶ τε καὶ ἡλίου ἀνατολάς</b>, opp. <b class="b3">πρὸς ἑσπέρην</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.58</span>; τὰ πρὸς ἠῶ τε καὶ ἥλιον ἀνατέλλοντα <span class="bibl">Id.4.40</span>; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀπὸ ἡλίου ἀνατολέων Αἰθίοπες</b> the <b class="b2">eastern . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.7.70</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[day]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span> 424</span>; [[a day]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.37</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Alim.</span>42</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>652</span>(pl.), Ps.-Luc.<span class="title">Philopatr.</span> 4,26, etc.; later, [[year]], <span class="bibl">Herod.10.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">sunshine, sun's heat</b>, ἐπὶ τοῖς ὄρεσιν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>116e</span>; ἥ. πολύς <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Nav.</span>35</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Herm.</span>25</span>; <b class="b3">πολὺντὸν ἥ. ἐμφαίνειν</b>, of a sunburnt person, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ind.</span>3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Rh.Pr.</span>9</span>: pl., [[sunbeams]], <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Sign.</span>22</span>, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>16.17</span>; [[hot sunny days]], <span class="bibl">Th.7.87</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> metaph., [[sunshine]], [[brightness]], ψυχῆς Plu.2.994e, cf. <span class="bibl">Artem.2.36</span>, etc.; of a person, Ἑλλάνων δόξης δεύτερον Ἀέλιον <span class="title">IG</span>14.1188; of Ptol. VI, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>15.33</span>; <b class="b3">νέος Ἥ</b>., of Nero and Caligula, <span class="title">SIG</span>814.34, 798.3. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> as pr. n., <b class="b2">Helios, the sun-god</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.8.271</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">νὴ τὸν Ἥ</b>. <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Sam.</span> 108</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ Δία Γῆν Ἥλιον</b>, in manumission-formula, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>48.6</span>, <span class="bibl">49.8</span> (i A.D.), <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).412 (Aetolia), <span class="title">IPE</span>2.54.10(iii A.D.); [Ἥλιος] δούλους ἐλευθέρους ποιεῖ <span class="bibl">Artem.2.36</span>; identified with Apollo, <span class="title">Carm.Pop.</span>12, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>781.11</span>; with Dionysus, <span class="bibl">D.Chr.31.11</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">Ἡλίου ἀστήρ</b>, of the planet <span class="title">Saturn</span>, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Epin.</span>987c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.S.2.30</span>, Theo Sm. p.130H. (I.-E. [[sāwelios]], cf. Cret. [[ἀβέλιος]], Lith. [[sáulė]], Lat. [[sōl]].) </span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[sun]] (Il.).<br />Other forms: ep. [[ἠέλιος]], Dor. Aeol. Arc. [[ἀέλιος]], Dor. (trag.) also [[ἅλιος]]<br />Compounds: Several compp., a. o. as plant- and animals-names, e. g. <b class="b3">ἡλιο-τρόπιον</b>, <b class="b3">-κάνθαρος</b> (Strömberg Pflanzennamen 48 und 75, Wortstudien 11).<br />Derivatives: [[ἡλιώτης]] (<b class="b3">ἠελ-</b>), f. <b class="b3">-τις</b> [[belonging to the sun]] (S., AP ), [[ἡλιακός]] (<b class="b3">ἁλ-</b>) <b class="b2">id.</b> (hell.; cf. Chantraine Formation 393f.); `[[Ηλιάδες]] f. pl. [[daughters of the sun]] (Parm., A. R.; also sg. as adj. [Luc.]) with masc. `[[Ηλιάδης]] [[son of the sun]] (Str., D. S.); s. Chantraine 356 u. 362f.; [[ἡλιώδης]] [[sunlike]] (Chaerem.), `[[Ηλιών]] m. month name (Termessos), [[ἡλίτης]] ([[λίθος]] Dam. Isid. 233; cf. Redard Les noms grec en <b class="b3">-της</b> 54). Denomin. verbs: 1. [[ἡλιόομαι]] <b class="b2">be in the sun, be sun-struck</b> (IA) with [[ἡλίωσις]] (Hp., Thphr.), <b class="b3">-όω</b> [[expose to the sun]] (Aët.). 2. [[ἡλιάζομαι]] [[bake in the sun]] (Arist.), <b class="b3">-άζω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Str.) with [[ἡλίασις]] [[exposure to the sun]] (Gal., D. C.), [[ἡλιαστήριον]] [[place in the sun]] (Str., Pap.). 3. [[ἡλιάω]] <b class="b2">expose to the sun, be like the sun</b> (Arist.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [881] <b class="b2">*seh₂u-el-</b> [[sun]]<br />Etymology: Cretan [[ἀβέλιος]] in H. (after Herakleid. Mil. Pamphyl.; cf. Bechtel Dial. 2, 667), i. e. [[ἀϜέλιος]], points to an original <b class="b3">*σαϜέλιος</b>, differing from Skt. <b class="b2">sū́rya-</b> [[sun]] (beside <b class="b2">sū́ra-</b>) only in ablaut. Both languages have an <b class="b2">l-</b>stem, IE <b class="b2">*sāu̯el-</b>, <b class="b2">*sūl-</b> (cf. Skt. <b class="b2">súvar</b> n. < <b class="b2">*suu̯el</b>; full grade also in Lith. <b class="b2">sáulė</b>, Welsh [[haul]], zero grade e. g. in OIr. [[sūil]] [[eye]]) with a personifiing <b class="b2">i̯o-</b>suffix. The basis is a neutral heteroclitic <b class="b2">l-n-</b>stem, still seen in Av. [[hvarǝ]] (= Skt. <b class="b2">s(ú)var</b>), gen. [[xvǝng]] (< PIIr. <b class="b2">*su̯an-s</b>) and also seen in Germanic in the change between Goth. [[sauil]], ONord. OE. [[sōl]] and Goth. [[sunno]], OE. [[sunne]] [[sun]]. Further see W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. [[sōl]], Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. <b class="b2">sólnice</b>. Connection with IE <b class="b2">*su̯el-</b> [[burn]] (s. [[εἵλη]]) is impossible. - In Etr. [[avil]] [[year]] Maresch <b class="b3">Μνημης χάριν</b> 2, 27f. proposes to see a loan from Gr. [[ἁϜέλιος]].

|sngr='''原文音譯'''：¼lioj 赫利哦士<br />'''詞類次數'''：名詞（32）<br />'''原文字根'''：太陽 相當於： （[[מִזְרָח]]&#x200E;）  （[[שֶׁמֶשׁ]]&#x200E;）<br />'''字義溯源'''：太陽，日光，日頭，日；源自（[[ἐλεφάντινος]]）Y=光線*），或出自（[[αἱρέομαι]]）*=取為己有）。這字一面是說實際的太陽，和合本常譯為：日頭（ 太5:45）。另一面，也用來反映榮耀（ 太17:2）。其次，也用日出之地來表示東方（ 啓7:2）<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（32）；太（5）；可（4）；路（3）；徒（4）；林前（1）；弗（1）；雅（1）；啓（13）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 日頭（16） 太5:45； 太13:6； 太17:2； 太24:29； 可4:6； 可13:24； 路23:45； 徒2:20； 啓6:12； 啓7:16； 啓8:12； 啓9:2； 啓10:1； 啓12:1； 啓16:8； 啓19:17；<br />2） 日（8） 可1:32； 路4:40； 路21:25； 弗4:26； 啓7:2； 啓16:12； 啓21:23； 啓22:5；<br />3） 太陽（6） 太13:43； 可16:2； 徒26:13； 徒27:20； 雅1:11； 啓1:16；<br />4） 日的（1） 林前15:41；<br />5） 日光（1） 徒13:11