σκότος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, more rarely [[σκότος]], εος, τό (v. sub fin.), <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[darkness]], [[gloom]], <span class="bibl">Od.19.389</span>, <span class="bibl">Emp.121.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>142</span>, etc.; opp. [[φάος]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>319</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>417</span>, etc.; opp. [[ἡμέρα]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Def.</span>411b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> in Il. always of the [[darkness]] of [[death]], mostly in phrase τὸν δὲ σκότος ὄσσε κάλυψεν <span class="bibl">4.461</span>, al.; στυγερὸς δ' ἄρα μιν σ. εἷλεν <span class="bibl">5.47</span>, <span class="bibl">13.672</span>; so in Trag. and Com., σκότῳ [[θανεῖν]] <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>837</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἤδη με περιβάλλει σκότος</b> <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1453</span>; σκότος γίγνεται <span class="bibl">Pherecr.40</span>; σκότον εἶναι τεθνηκότος (sc. [[Αἰσχύλος|Αἰσχύλου]]) = it has been [[dark]] since he died <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 643</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of the [[nether world]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>130</span>; σκότον νέμονται Τάρταρόν τε <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>72</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>223</span>; τὸν ἀεὶ κατὰ γᾶς σ. [[εἱμένος]] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1701</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">παῖδες ἀρχαίου Σκότου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">106</span>; ἰὼ σ., ἐμὸν φάος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>394</span> (lyr.); γῆς σκότῳ κέκρυπται <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>62</span>; σκότου πύλαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> the [[darkness]] of the [[womb]], φυγόντα [[μητρόθεν]] σκότον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>664</span>: pl., ἐν σκότοισι νηδύος τεθραμμένη <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Eu.</span>665</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> of blindness, σκότου νέφος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 1313</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁθούνεκ' . . ἐν σκότῳ . . ὀψοίατο</b>, i.e. <b class="b3">οὐκέτι ὀψοίατο</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">1273</span>; <b class="b3">βλέποντα νῦν μὲν ὄρθ', ἔπειτα δὲ σκότον</b>, i.e. [[μηδέν]], ib.<span class="bibl">419</span>; σκότον δεδορκώς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>377</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>563</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[dizziness]], [[vertigo]], <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Epid.</span> 5.23</span>; σκότοι πρὸ τῶν ὀμμάτων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>584a3</span>; cf. [[σκοτόδινος]], [[σκοτοδινιάω]]. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> metaph., σκότῳ [[κρύπτειν]] = [[hide]] in [[darkness]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1396</span> (lyr.), cf. Pi.<span class="title">Frr.</span>42.5, 228; <b class="b3">σκότον ἔχειν</b> to be in [[darkness]], [[obscurity]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">N.</span>7.13</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1052.8</span>; [[ἀπορία]] καὶ σκότος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>837a</span>; περικαλύψαι τοῖσι πράγμασι σκότον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 1522</span>: with Preps., <b class="b3">διὰ σκότους ἡ ὁδός</b> it is [[dark]] and [[uncertain]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.5.9</span>; ἐν σκότῳ [[καθήμενος]] <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.83</span>; μηδὲν ἐν σκότῳ τεχνωμένων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>494</span>; κατὰ σκότον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>578</span>; ὑπὸ σκότου <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>692</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Or.</span>1457</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.6.4</span>; ὑπὸ σκότῳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1030</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1214</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> of a person, [[Μητρότιμος]] ὁ σκότος, like ὁ [[σκοτεινός]], the [[mystery]]-[[man]], <span class="bibl">Hippon.78</span>; also, [[darkness]], i.e. [[ignorance]], <span class="bibl">D.19.226</span>; [[deceit]], σκότος καὶ [[ἀπάτη]] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>864c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> pl., [[σκότη]] = [[shadow]]s in a [[picture]], Paus.Gr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>300, Suid. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ἀπεσκοτωμένα]] = [[darkened]] (ones), [[stained]] (ones), <span class="bibl">Eust.953.51</span>.—<span class="bibl">Ael.Dion. <span class="title">Fr.</span>217</span> regarded the masc. as the Att. form: the neut. never occurs in Ar., and is nowhere required by the metre in Trag., though it sometimes occurs in codd., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>831</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>1159</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>534</span>, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>40</span>, dub. l. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>6</span>; it is found, however, without v.l., in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>42.5</span> and Att. Prose, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>516e</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cra.</span>418c</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.159</span>, etc.; also in <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.121</span>. έ, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.5.9</span>, <span class="bibl">7.4.18</span>; the word is always neut. in LXX and <span class="title">NT.</span></span>

|elrutext='''σκότος:''' ὁ, атт. тж. [[σκότος]], εος τό<br /><b class="num">1)</b> темнота, тьма, мрак Hom., Pind.: ἐν σκότει Xen. во тьме, ночью; βλέπειν σκότον Soph. видеть тьму, т. е. быть слепым; σκότον δεδορκώς Eur. слепой; σκότοι πρὸ τῶν ὀμμάτων Arst. потемнение в глазах;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> смертная тень, смерть (τὸν δὲ σ. [[ὄσσε]] κάλυψεν Hom.): σκότῳ [[θανεῖν]] Eur. быть похищенным смертью;<br /><b class="num">3)</b> подземный мир, царство тьмы Trag.: σκότου πύλαι Eur. врата подземного царства;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> глубь, недра: ἐν σκότοισι νηδύος Aesch. в недрах (материнского) чрева;<br /><b class="num">5)</b> перен. тьма, тайна: δόλον σκότῳ κρύψας Soph. скрыв (свою) хитрость; ἐν σκότῳ и κατὰ σκότον Soph., ὑπὸ σκότῳ Aesch. и ὑπὸ σκότου Xen. в темноте, втайне;<br /><b class="num">6)</b> неизвестность: διὰ σκότους εἶναι Xen. быть неизвестным;<br /><b class="num">7)</b> непонятность, неясность ([[ἀπορία]] καὶ σ. Plat.);<br /><b class="num">8)</b> духовная темнота, неведение ([[κωφότης]] καὶ σ. Dem.).