κραναός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ή, όν, poet. word, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[rocky]], [[rugged]], in Hom. always of Ithaca (exc. in <span class="bibl">Il.3.445</span> where it is pr. n. of an island), <span class="bibl">Il.3.201</span>, <span class="bibl">Od. 1.247</span>, al.; of Delos, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>1.3</span>; freq. of Athens, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>7.82</span>, etc.: hence as pr. n., <b class="b3">Κραναὰ πόλις</b> Athens, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>75</span>; simply αἱ Κρανααί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Av.</span>123</span>; <b class="b3">ἡ Κραναά</b> of the Acropolis, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lys.</span>481</span>; [[Κραναοί]] [[the people of Attica]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.44</span>, <span class="bibl">Str.9.1.18</span>; <b class="b3">παῖδες Κραναοῦ</b> (Cranaos being a mythic king of Athens) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>1011</span> (anap.) </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[hard]], χέλυς <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">H.</span>5.396</span>; of a fishing-rod, <b class="b3">ῥάβδος κ</b>. ib.<span class="bibl">4.364</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[stinging]], κ. ἀκαλῆφαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>560</span>. κρᾰνέα, ἡ, v. [[κράνεια]].</span>

|lstext='''κρᾰναός''': ὰ καὶ ή, όν, ποιητ. λέξ., [[πετρώδης]], [[τραχύς]], [[ἀνώμαλος]], ἐπὶ τῆς ἐξωτερικῆς ὄψεως χώρας τινός, παρ’ Ὁμ. ἀείποτε ἐπὶ τῆς Ἰθάκης ([[διότι]] ἐν Ἰλ. Γ. 445, δὲν [[εἶναι]] ἐπίθ. ἀλλὰ κύριον [[ὄνομα]] νήσου, [[ἴσως]] τὰ [[Κύθηρα]]), Ἰλ. Γ. 201, καὶ συχν. ἐν τῇ Ὀδ.· ἐπὶ τῆς Δήλου, Πινδ. 1. 1, 3· ἀλλὰ τὸ πλεῖστον ἐπὶ τῶν Ἀθηνῶν, Πινδ. Ο. 7. 151, κτλ.· ― [[ἐντεῦθεν]] κατέστη κύριον [[ὄνομα]], Κραναὰ [[πόλις]], αἱ [[Ἀθῆναι]], Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 75· ἢ [[ἁπλῶς]] αἱ Κρανααί, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Ὄρν. 123· ἡ Κραναά, ἐπὶ τῆς Ἀκροπόλεως, ὁ αὐτ. ἐν Λυσ. 481· Κραναοί, οἱ κάτοικοι τῆς Ἀττικῆς, Ἡρόδ. 8. 44· ([[ἔνθα]] ἴδε Valck.), Στράβ. 397· καλούμενοι καὶ παῖδες Κραναοῦ (ὁ Κραναὸς ἦτο μυθικὸς βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἀθηνῶν), Αἰσχύλ. Εὐμ 1011, πρβλ. Clinton εἰς Ἡρ. Μαιν. 1. 57 κἑξ. 2) παρὰ μεταγεν. καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ ὀστράκου τῆς χελώνης, Ὀππ. Ἁλ. 5. 396· ἐπὶ ξύλου, [[ῥάβδος]] κρ. [[αὐτόθι]] 4. 364, πρβλ. [[κράνον]]. 3) [[τραχύς]], [[αὐστηρός]], [[κεντητικός]], Λατ. asper, κρ. ἀκαλῆφαι Ἀριστοφ. Ἀποσπ. 473. Ἡ √ΚΡΑ ἢ ΚΑΡ φαίνεται ὅτι ἐσήμαινε [[τραχύς]], [[σκληρός]], κάρυον (nax), Σανσκρ. kar-akas (κοκκοκάρυον), Λατ. car-ina ([[κέλυφος]] καρύου, κτλ.)· [[ἐντεῦθεν]] καὶ κάρκαρος (κάρχαρος). Σανσκρ. karkar-as (hard)· [[ὡσαύτως]] [[κράνος]] (περικεφαλαία), [[κραναός]]· πρβλ. [[κράτος]], [[κραταιός]]).

|elrutext='''κρᾰναός:'''<br /><b class="num">1)</b> твердый, каменистый, тж. скалистый, обрывистый ([[Ἰθάκη]] Hom.; [[Ἀθᾶναι]] Pind.);<br /><b class="num">2)</b> колючий, шиповатый (ἀκαλῆφαι Arph.).

|elnltext=κραναός -ή -όν rotsachtig, ruig:; ἐν δήμῳ Ἰθάκης κραναῆς περ ἐούσης in het land van Ithaca, dat toch zo rotsachtig is Il. 3.201; subst. ἡ Κραναά Acropolis (in Athene); plur. αἱ Κρανααί Athene. knoestig:. κραναὸς πίτυς een knoestige pijnboom AP 6.110.4.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[hard]], [[raw]], [[rocky]] (Il.), also of Athens and the Athenians (Hdt., Ar.); called <b class="b3">Κραναὰ πόλις</b> or [[Κρανααί]] (Ar.) resp. [[Κραναοί]] (Hdt.); [[Κραναός]] a mythical king of Athens.<br />Compounds: <b class="b3">κραναή-πεδος</b> [[with rocky bottom]] said of Delos (h. Ap. 72, <b class="b3">-η-</b> metr. conditioned; Zumbach Neuerungen 18).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: With the form cf. <b class="b3">κερα(Ϝ)ός</b>, <b class="b3">τανα(Ϝ)ός</b>; so prop. <b class="b3">*κραναϜός</b>; no connection known. The traditional connection with words for [[heart]] (s. [[κράτος]]) means nothing, as long as the formation has not been explained. Diff. Johansson BB 18, 26f. and Ehrlich Sprachgeschichte 21f. ([[κάρνος]], [[κραίνω]], [[κράνος]] etc.; s. Bq).