φράζω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>25</span>, etc.: poet. impf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> φράζον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.61</span>: fut. <b class="b3">φράσω [ᾰ]</b> <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>781</span>, etc.: aor. 1 ἔφρᾰσα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ven.</span>128</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>442</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.150</span>, etc.; poet. <b class="b3">φράσα [ᾰ]</b> <span class="bibl">Od.11.22</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>231</span> (lyr.); imper. φράσσατε <span class="bibl">Pi. <span class="title">P.</span>4.117</span>: pf. πέφρᾰκα <span class="bibl">Isoc.5.93</span>, <span class="bibl">Phld.<span class="title">Po.</span>5.23</span>: Ep. aor. [[πέφρᾰδον]], [[ἐπέφραδον]] used by Hom. mostly in 3sg., <span class="bibl">Il.14.500</span>, al. (in <span class="bibl">Od.1.273</span>, <span class="bibl">8.142</span>, [[πέφραδε]] is imper.); opt. πεφράδοι <span class="bibl">Il.14.335</span>; inf. [[πεφραδέειν]], [[πεφραδέμεν]], <span class="bibl">Od.19.477</span>, <span class="bibl">7.49</span>; 1sg. [[ἐπέφραδον]] only <span class="bibl">Il.10.127</span>: also aor. 1 part. gen. [[φράδαντος]] dub. in <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).261.15 (Mantinea, vi B. C.):— Med. and Pass., [[φράζομαι]], Ep. imper. [[φράζεο]], [[φράζευ]], <span class="bibl">Il.5.440</span>, <span class="bibl">9.251</span>; inf. φράζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.1.294</span>: Ep.3sg. impf. [[φράζετο]], [[φραζέσκετο]], <span class="bibl">11.624</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>346</span>: fut. <b class="b3">φράσομαι [ᾰ]</b> <span class="bibl">Il.15.234</span>, Ep. φράσσομαι <span class="bibl">Od.16.238</span>: aor.1 ἐφρᾰσάμην <span class="bibl">17.161</span>, Ep. φρᾰσάμην <span class="bibl">23.75</span>; 3sg. and pl. [[ἐφράσσατο]], [[φράσσαντο]], <span class="bibl">4.529</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.15.671</span>; imper. φράσαι <span class="bibl">Od.24.331</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>113</span>; Ep. 3sg. subj. φράσσεται <span class="bibl">Od.24.217</span>; Ep. inf. [[φράσσασθαι]] Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.57</span>: aor. Pass. ἐφράσθην <span class="bibl">Od.19.485</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.84</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>546</span>: pf. [[πέφρασμαι]] (in med. sense) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>438</span>, (in pass. sense) <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.195</span>; part., προ-πεφραδμένος <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>655</span>.—The aor. Med. is chiefly Ep., also <span class="bibl">Archil.94</span>, <span class="bibl">Sol.5.4</span>, <span class="bibl">34.1</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>113</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>653</span> (lyr.):—[[point out]], [[show]] (never [[say]], [[tell]], in Hom. acc. to Aristarch.), ἐς χῶρον ὃν φράσε Κίρκη <span class="bibl">Od.11.22</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.23.138</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.15.424</span>; also, [[show the way to]], [[show where to find]], ᾗ οἱ Ἀθήνη πέφραδε δῖον ὑφορβόν <span class="bibl">14.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.68</span>; σήματ'... τά οἱ ἔμπεδα πέφραδ' Ὀδυσσεύς [[showed]], <span class="bibl">19.250</span>; <b class="b3">μῦθον πέφραδε πᾶσιν</b> [[show]], [[make known]] the word to all, <span class="bibl">1.273</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.142</span>; δεῖξε καὶ ἔφρασε <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ven.</span>128</span>; <b class="b3">φράσσατέ μοι δόμους</b> [[show]] me them, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.117</span>; ἔφρασε τὴν ἀτραπόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.213</span>; κόποι αὐτόματοι φράζουσι νούσους Hp.<span class="title">Aph.</span> <span class="bibl">2.5</span>; δμώων δή τινα . . μοι φράσον <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.47</span>; τὸ παράδειγμα ὃ ἂν φράζῃ ὁ ἀρχιτέκτων <span class="title">IG</span>22.1668.96: abs., φωνῆσαι μὲν οὐκ εἶχε, τῇ δὲ χειρὶ ἔφραζε <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.113</span>; ἀντὶ φωνῆς φράζε . . χερί <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1061</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[show forth]], [[tell]], [[declare]], [[λόγον]], [[ἔπος]], [[ὄνομα]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.60</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>173</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>320</span>; φ. τοῖσι ἥκουσι τὰ πρήγματα <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.100</span>; ἑλοῦ γάρ, ἢ πόνωντὰ λοιπά σοι φράσω σαφηνῶς, ἢ τὸν ἐκλύσοντ' ἐμέ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>781</span>; τιπρός τινα <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.68</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>359</span> (anap.), etc.: c. dupl. acc., φ. τινά τι <span class="bibl">Isoc. 15.100</span>; τι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>267b</span>; περί τινος <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.117</span> (v. infr.); ἐπί τινος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ep.</span>6.8</span>: rarely c. gen., [[tell of]], τῆς μητρὸς ἥκω τῆς ἐμῆς φράσων, ἐν οἷς νῦν ἐστι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1122</span>: folld. by a relat. clause, <b class="b3">φ. ὅτι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Lys.1.23</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>278b</span>, etc.; φ. ὡς δεῖ γεωργεῖν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Oec.</span>16.8</span>; φ. οἷ' ἐπορσύνθη κακά <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>267</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pr.</span>995</span>, etc.; with double constr., φ. τό τε ὄνομα καὶ ἐν ᾗ κώμῃ οἰκοῦσιν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRev.Laws</span> 29.5</span> (iii B. C.): rarely c. part., πεφραδέειν πόσιν ἔνδον ἐόντα <span class="bibl">Od.19.477</span>; οὐκ ἔφραζες σῆς προκείμενον νέκυν γυναικός <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1012</span>: later c. acc. et inf., Phld. l.c.; [[explain]] (opp. [[λέγω]], which means simply [[speak]], [[say]]), <b class="b3">φράσον ἅπερ γ' ἔλεξας</b> [[declare]], [[explain]] what thou didst say, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>559</span>; φράζε δὴ τί φῄς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>655</span>; φράζουσιν ἃ λέγει <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.4.18</span>; φράζε λόγῳ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>49</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>814c</span>; οὐχ ἁπλῶς εἰπεῖν ἀλλὰ σαφῶς φράσαι περὶ αὐτῶν <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.117</span>, cf. <span class="title">Ep.</span>1.2; σαφῶς φ. τοῖς βουλομένοις συνιέναι <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.129</span>; of teachers, <span class="bibl">Antipho 6.13</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>180b</span>; of oracles, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1048</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pl.</span>46</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>923a</span>, etc.; of letters, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cic.</span>15</span>: abs., <b class="b3">τοῦτο φράζει ὅτι</b> this [[signifies]] that... <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>8.30</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> [[cultivate style]] or [[phrasing]], opp. <b class="b3">αὐτὸ τὸ γράφειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Duris 1</span> J. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> c. dat. pers. et inf., [[tell]] one to do so and so, ἵνα γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il. 10.127</span>; <b class="b3">δὴ γάρ μοι ἐπέφραδε . . Κίρκη</b> (sc. [[ἰέναι]]) <span class="bibl">Od.10.549</span>; τοῖς ἀνθρώποισι φ. σιγᾶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>98</span> (anap.); τὰ ὅπλα [[ὑπολαβεῖν]] <span class="bibl">Th.6.58</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> abs., [[give counsel]], [[advise]], [[suggest]], [[δόλος]] ἦν ὁ φράσας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>197</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> Med. and Pass., [[indicate to oneself]], i.e. [[think]] or [[muse upon]], [[consider]], [[ponder]], Ep., Ion., Trag., but not in Att. Prose; εὔκηλος τὰ φράζεαι ἅσσ' ἐθέλῃσθα <span class="bibl">Il.1.554</span>; <b class="b3">φράζεσθαι βουλήν, βουλάς</b>, <span class="bibl">18.313</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.510</span>; ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μῆτιν ἀμείνω <span class="bibl">Il.9.423</span>; πάντα μετὰ φρεσίν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>688</span>; θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Il.16.646</span>; ἐφράσθη καὶ ἐς θυμὸν ἐβάλετο <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.84</span>; πρὸς ταῦτα φράζου [[bethink thee]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>383</span>; <b class="b3">ἀμφὶς φράζω</b> = [[to think]] [[differently]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.14</span>: folld. by [[εἰ]] c. fut. indic., [[consider]] whether... <span class="bibl">1.83</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.192</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[purpose]], [[plan]], [[contrive]], <b class="b3">φ. τινὶ κακά, θάνατον, ὄλεθρον</b>, <span class="bibl">2.367</span>, <span class="bibl">3.242</span>, <span class="bibl">13.373</span>; μέγ' ὄνειαρ <span class="bibl">4.444</span>; ἐσθλά <span class="bibl">Il.12.212</span>; φράσσατο Πατρόκλῳ μέγα ἠρίον <span class="bibl">23.126</span>; <b class="b3">φράσσεται ὥς κε νέηται</b> [[will contrive]] how... <span class="bibl">Od.1.205</span>; φ. ὅπως ὄχ' ἄριστα γένοιτο <span class="bibl">3.129</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1041</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> c. acc. et inf., [[think]], [[suppose]], [[believe]], [[imagine]] that... <span class="bibl">Od.11.624</span>; οὐκ ἐφράζετο δυνατὸς εἶναι <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.154</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[perceive]], [[observe]], οἷον ἐγὼν οἰωνὸν . . ἐφρασάμην <span class="bibl">Od.17.161</span>; [[τὴν]] (sc. <b class="b3">τὴν οὐλὴν</b>) ἀπονίζουσα φρασάμην <span class="bibl">23.75</span>; with a part., τὸν δὲ φράσατο προσιόντα <span class="bibl">Il.10.339</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.453</span>: later c. gen., χειμῶνος <span class="bibl">Arat.745</span>; πομπᾶς <span class="bibl">Theoc.2.84</span>: rarely c. part., <b class="b3">ψυχὰν Ἀΐδᾳ τελέων οὐ φράζεται</b> [[marks]] not that he will die, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>1.68</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> [[watch]], [[guard]], ([[ὀρσοθύρην]]) <span class="bibl">Od.22.129</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[beware of]], <b class="b3">ξύλινον λόχον</b> Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt. 3.57</span>: freq. in imper., [[φράζευ κύνα]] = [[cave canem]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1030</span> (hex.); <b class="b3">φράσσαι κυναλώπεκα μή σε δολώσῃ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">1067</span> (hex.); φράζεο δή, μὴ . . μάρψῃ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pax</span> 1099</span> (hex.), cf. <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Lav.Pall.</span>52</span>: c. inf., [[φράζου]] μὴ πόρσω [[φωνεῖν]] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>213</span> (lyr.): abs., [[φράζου]] [[take care]]! <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>130</span>. (Perh. cf. Lith girdziù 'I [[hear]]', inf. girdēti.) </span>