θυμός: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[spirit]], [[courage]], [[anger]], [[sense]] (Il.); on meaning and use in Hom. etc. Marg Charakter 47ff.; also Magnien REGr. 40, 117ff. (criticism by Wahrmann Glotta 19, 214f.).<br />Compounds: Many compp., e. g. <b class="b3">θυμο-βόρος</b> [[eating the heart]] (Il.), <b class="b3">θυμ-ηγερέων</b> <b class="b2">collecting ones spirit, coing to one-self</b> (η 283; Leumann Hom. Wörter 116 n. 83, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 349), [[θυμαρής]], [[θυμήρης]] [[delighting the heart]] (Il.; Bechtel Lex. s. v., Leumann 66); <b class="b3">πρό-θυμος</b> (bahuvrihi) [[prepared]], [[willing]] (IA) with [[προθυμία]], <b class="b3">-ίη</b> (Β 588) and <b class="b3">-έομαι</b> (IA).<br />Derivatives: Dimin. [[θυμίδιον]] (Ar. V. 878); adj. [[θυμικός]] and [[θυμώδης]] [[passionate]], [[vehement]] (Arist.); denomin. verbs: 1. [[θυμιάω]] [[burn producing smoke]] (s.v.) with [[θυμίη]] [[incense]]; 2. [[θυμόομαι]] [[get angry]] (IA), rarely <b class="b3">-όω</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (E. Supp. 581), with [[θύμωμα]] [[being angry]] (A. Eu. 861, epigr.), [[θύμωσις]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 21); 3. [[θυμαίνω]] [[be angry]] (Hes. Sc. 262, Ar., A. R.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [261] <b class="b2">*dheuH-</b> [[smoke]]<br />Etymology: Identical with Skt. <b class="b2">dhūmá-</b>, Lat. [[fūmus]], Lith. <b class="b2">dū́mai</b> (pl.), OCS [[dymъ]] [[smoke]]; the meaning [[smoke]] preserved in [[θυμιάω]]. On the meaning Chantraine Formation 134 with Ernout-Meillet s. [[fūmus]] . - A variant with short u seems impossible. Wit IE <b class="b2">ou-</b>diphthong one cites OHG [[toum]] [[steam]], [[vapour]]. Cf. 2. [[θύω]]. (DELG compares [[θύω]] 1 [[s]]élancer avec fureur', by mistake?)