ἐρεύγομαι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(A), also [[ἐρυγγάνω]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἐρεύξομαι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Mul.</span>1.41</span> : aor.1 ἠρευξάμην <span class="bibl">Procop.<span class="title">Goth.</span>2.4</span> : aor. 2 ἤρῠγον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>895b22</span>, <span class="bibl">Nic. <span class="title">Al.</span>111</span>:—[[belch out]], [[disgorge]], c. acc., ἐρευγόμενοι φόνον αἵματος <span class="bibl">Il.16.162</span>; ἰόν <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span> 232</span> : abs., [[belch]], ἐρεύγετο οἰνοβαρείων <span class="bibl">Od.9.374</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Morb.</span>2.69</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>895b12</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., of [[volcano]]es, ἐρεύγονται πυρὸς παγαί <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Procop.<span class="title">Goth.</span>4.35</span>; of a [[river]], [[discharge]] itself, ἐς τὴν θάλασσαν <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mith.</span>103</span>, cf. Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>11.3 : c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">ἐρεύγονται σκότον..νυκτὸς ποταμοί</b>, of the rivers of hell, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 130.8</span>; κόλπος ἀφρὸν ἐρευγόμενος <span class="bibl">D.P.539</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Le.</span>11.10</span>; <b class="b3">ἵππος ἐρεύγεται ἄνδρα</b>, as the description of a Centaur, <span class="title">APl.</span>4.115. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[blurt out]] (cf. [[ἐξερυγγάνω]]), [[belch forth]], [[utter]], ἡμέρα τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐρεύγεται ῥῆμα <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ps.</span>18(19).2</span>; ἐρεύξομαι κεκρυμμένα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>13.35</span>. (Cf. Lat. [[ērūgère]], Lith. riáugèti '[[belch]]'.)</span><br /><span class="bld">ἐρεύγομαι</span> (B), aor. 2 Act. [[ἤρῠγον]], <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[bellow]], [[roar]], ἤρυγεν, ὡς ὅτε ταῦρος ἤρυγεν <span class="bibl">Il.20.403</span>; <b class="b3">τόν γ' ἐρυγόντα λίπε..θυμός</b> ib.<span class="bibl">406</span>; <b class="b3">ὅσον βαθὺς ἤρυγε λαιμός</b> [[roar]]ed to the [[full]] [[depth]] of his [[throat]] or [[voice]], <span class="bibl">Theoc.13.58</span>; of the [[sea]], <b class="b3">ἀμφὶ δέ τ' ἄκραι ἠϊόνες βοόωσιν ἐρευγομένης ἁλὸς ἔξω</b> the headlands echo to the [[roar]] of the [[sea]], <span class="bibl">Il.17.265</span>; κῦμα..δεινὸν ἐρευγόμενον <span class="bibl">Od.5.403</span>; <b class="b3">ἐρεύγεται ἤπειρόνδε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">438</span> (cf. βοάω <span class="bibl">1.2</span>):—so in later Gr., λέων ἐρεύξεται <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ho.</span>11.10</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Am.</span>3.8</span>; <b class="b3">σκύμνος ἐρευγόμενος</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ma.</span>3.4</span>; with [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[ὠρύομαι]], ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ez.</span>22.25</span>; cf. [[προσερεύγομαι]]. (Cf. Lat. [[rugio]] '[[roar]]'.)</span>

|etymtx=1.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[belch out]], [[disgorge]], [[discharge]], [[vomit]], also metaph., e. g. of the sea (Il.), (cf. 2. [[ἐρεύγομαι]]).<br />Other forms: [[ἐρυγγάνω]] (Hp., Att.), aor. [[ἤρυγον]] (Ar., Arist.), [[ἠρευξάμην]] (Procop.), fut. [[ἐρεύξομαι]] (Ev. Matt. 13, 35),<br />Compounds: also with prefix <b class="b3">ἀν-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπ-</b>, <b class="b3">κατ-</b>, <b class="b3">προσ-</b> a. o.,<br />Derivatives: [[ἔρευξις]], [[ἐρευγμός]], also [[ἔρυξις]], [[ἐρυγμός]], [[ἔρυγμα]] with [[ἐρυγματώδης]] (also [[ἐρευγματώδης]]), [[ἐρυγή]] <b class="b2">belching out etc.</b> (Hp.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [871] <b class="b2">*h₁reug-</b> [[belch]]<br />Etymology: [[ἐρεύγομαι]] (with the nasal present [[ἐρυγγάνω]], like [[πυνθάνομαι]] beside [[πεύθομαι]] etc.) belongs to an expressive group of words found in several languages, e. g. Lat. [[ē-rūgō]] (= [[ἐρεύγομαι]]), Lith. [[riáugmi]], [[riáugėti]] (athem.), Russ. iter. [[rygátь]] [[have pushes]], [[ruminate]]; with zero grade as in [[ἤρυγον]] OHG [[ita-ruchjan]] [[ruminate]], OE [[rocettan]] (< PGm. <b class="b2">*rukatjan</b>) [[belch]], Arm. [[orcam]] (< [[o-ruc-am]], iterative formation with [[prothetic]] [[o-]] as Gr. <b class="b3">ἐ-</b>); also NPers. [[ā-rōγ]] [[belch]]. - Pok. 871, W.-Hofmann s. [[ērūgō]], Ernout-Meillet s. <b class="b2">*rūgō</b>.<br />2.<br />Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: in Hom. only of the sea <b class="b3">ἐρευγομένης ἁλὸς</b> (Ρ 265), [[κῦμα]] ... <b class="b3">δεινὸν ἐρευγόμενον</b> (ε 403), ([[κύματα]]) <b class="b3">ἐρεύγεται ἤπειρόνδε</b> (ε 438); the last two places to be translates with [[roar]] (cf. Ξ 394 [[κῦμα]] ... <b class="b3">βοάᾳ ποτὶ χέρσον</b>), but here as in Ρ 265 a stranslation [[belch out]] (= 1.) is also possible. [[roaring]] seems certain in the aorist <b class="b3">ἤρυγεν Υ</b> 403f. <b class="b3">ἤρυγεν ὡς ὅτε ταῦρος ἤρυγεν</b>, 406 <b class="b3">τόν γ</b>' <b class="b3">ἐρυγόντα λίπε</b> ... [[θυμός]], thus also Theoc. 13, 58. Also the present and future in the [[LXX]] are used in the meaning [[roar]] (<b class="b3">σκύμνος ἐρευγόμενος</b>, <b class="b3">λέων ἐρεύξεται</b>).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">ἐρύγμηλος Σ</b> 580 (from [[ἐρυγμή]] [H.] or <b class="b3">*ἐρυγμεῖν</b>; cf. Risch 41; Frisk Eranos 41, 52) is also used as adjunct of [[ταῦρος]]; diff. EM 379, 27 [[ἐρυγμήλη]] (H. [[ἐρυγηλή]]) <b class="b3">ἐπίθετον ῥαφανίου</b>, <b class="b3">ἴσως ἀπὸ τῆς ἐρυγῆς</b>. H. mentions also <b class="b3">ἐρυγμαίνουσα ἡ βοῦς</b> (= [[ruminator]]?, cf. to 1.). <b class="b3">καὶ ὁ ταῦρος ἐρυγμαίνων</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τῆς ἐρυγμῆς</b>, and <b class="b3">ἐρυγήτωρ βοητής</b>.<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [871] <b class="b2">*h₁reug-</b> [[belch]]?<br />Etymology: Clearly both groups are not always kept separate. Cf. e.g. <b class="b3">ἡμέρα τῃ̃ ἡμέρᾳ ἐρεύγεται ῥῆμα</b> (LXX Ps. 18 [19], 2), <b class="b3">ἐρεύξομαι κεκρυμμένα</b> (Ev. Matt. 13, 35), where [[belch out]] are used as vulgar-expressive expressions for [[to cry]] etc. Clearly refer to [[roar]] etc. the ablauting [[ὀρυμαγδός]] (s. v.) and [[ὠρυγή]], [[ὠρυγμός]], s. [[ὠρύομαι]]. Other languages have comparable words with this meaning, so Lat. [[rūgiō]], [[rūgīre]] [[roar]]; in auslaut (IE k) different OCS [[rykati]] [[roar]], OE [[ryn]] <b class="b2">id.</b> (PGm. <b class="b2">*rūhjan</b>), OHG [[rohōn]] (PGm. <b class="b2">*ruhōn</b>; would be Lat. <b class="b2">*rucāre</b>; cf. [[runcāre]] [[snore]] s. [[ῥέγκω]]) s. Pok. 867f., W.-Hofmann s. [[rūgiō]]. - At last both 1. and 2. [[ἐρεύγομαι]] etc.refer to soundgiving.