πήγνυμι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=3pl.<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> πηγνύουσι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.72</span> ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]), <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>6.6.9</span>, but πηγνῦσι Hdt. [[l.c.]] codd. plur., <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Vict.</span>2.60</span>; opt. πήγνυτο <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>118a</span> codd.; inf. πηγνύειν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.7</span>, Dsc.4.95 : impf. πήγνυον <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">L.</span>567</span> (περι-), <span class="bibl">Nonn.<span class="title">D.</span>5.50</span> : late form of pres. πήσσω ([[quod vide|q.v.]]): fut. πήξω <span class="bibl">Il.22.283</span>; Dor. πάξω <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>6.3</span> : aor. [[ἔπηξα]], Ep. πῆξα <span class="bibl">Od.12.15</span>, etc.; Aeol. part. πάξαις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10</span>(II).<span class="bibl">45</span> : pf. [[πέπηχα]], only plpf. ἐμ-πεπήχεσαν <span class="bibl">D.C.40.40</span> :—Med. in trans. sense, πήγνῠμαι <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>809</span> : fut. πήξομαι Gal. 10.388 : aor. ἐπηξάμην <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>455</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.12</span>, etc. :—Pass. [[πήγνῠμαι]] : fut. πᾰγήσομαι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>437</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.92</span>; [[πήξομαι]] (as Pass.) Hp.Aër.8 : aor. 1 [[ἐπήχθην]], Ep. 3pl. πῆχθεν <span class="bibl">Il.8.298</span>, Dor. subj. παχθῇ <span class="bibl">Theoc.23.31</span>, part. πηχθείς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>302</span> : more freq. aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἐπάγην [ᾰ]</b>, Ep. [[πάγην]], Ep. 3pl. πάγεν <span class="bibl">Il.11.572</span>; part. παγείς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>190</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>395</span> : pf. [[πέπηγμαι]] (κατα-, συμ-) <span class="bibl">D.H.5.46</span>, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">An.</span>2.21.1</span>: plpf. ἐπέπηκτο <span class="bibl">Jul. <span class="title">Or.</span>3.123b</span>; but in the best authors, [[πέπηγα]] is used as the pf. Pass., <span class="bibl">Il.3.135</span>, etc.; Aeol. πέπᾱγα <span class="bibl">Alc.34</span>; opt. πεπαγοίην <span class="bibl">Eup.435</span> : plpf. ἐπεπήγειν <span class="bibl">Il.13.442</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.3.23</span> : </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> [[stick]] or [[fix in]], <b class="b3">ἐν δὲ μετώπῳ πῆξε [τὴν αἰχμήν</b>] <span class="bibl">Il.4.460</span>, etc.; ἔνθα οἱ ἔγχος ἔπηξε <span class="bibl">13.570</span>; ἐν γαίῃ π. ἐρετμόν <span class="bibl">Od.23.276</span> (or γαίῃ <span class="bibl">11.129</span>); π. ἐπὶ τύμβῳ ἐρετμόν <span class="bibl">11.77</span> (or τύμβῳ <span class="bibl">12.15</span>); [<b class="b3">γύην] ἐν ἐλύματι π</b>. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>430</span>; ἔπαξε διὰ φρενῶν ξίφος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.26</span>; [[fix in the earth]], [[plant]], σκῆπτρον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>420</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aj.</span>821</span>; <b class="b3">σκηνήν, σκηνὰς π</b>., [[pitch]] a tent, <span class="bibl">And.4.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>817c</span> (in Med., <b class="b3">σκηνὰς πηξάμενοι</b> [[pitching themselves]] tents, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.12</span>); <b class="b3">σταύρωμα π</b>. <span class="bibl">Th.6.66</span>; τὰς σχαλίδας π. ὑπτίας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>6.7</span>; [[plant]] seeds or cuttings, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">HP</span>6.6.9</span>, <span class="bibl">7.4.10</span> : intr. pf. and Pass., <b class="b3">δόρυ δ' ἐν κραδίῃ ἐπεπήγει</b> the spear [[stuck fast]] in his heart, <span class="bibl">Il.13.442</span>; [δοῦρα] ἐν χροῒ πήγνυτο <span class="bibl">15.315</span>; [ὀϊστοὶ] ἐν χροῒ πῆχθεν <span class="bibl">8.298</span>; δοῦρα ἐν σάκεϊ πάγεν <span class="bibl">11.572</span>; [ξίφος] πέπηγεν ἐν γῇ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>819</span>; σκηνὴ ἔσκε πεπηγυῖα ἑτοίμη <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.119</span>; <b class="b3">κυρβασίας ὀρθὰς πεπηγυίας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">64</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">70</span> :—Med., <b class="b3">ἐν ἀλλήλοις χείλεα πηξάμενοι</b>, of kissing, <span class="title">AP</span>5.254 (Paul. Sil.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[stick]] or [[fix on]], κεφαλὴν ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι <span class="bibl">Il.18.177</span>; σκόλοψι δέμας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span> 1430</span>; κρᾶτα πήξασ' ἐπ' ἄκρον θύρσον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ba.</span>1141</span> :—Pass., <b class="b3">ἀμφὶ βουπόροισι πηχθέντας μέλη ὀβελοῖσι</b> [[having their]] limbs [[fixed]] on spits, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyc.</span> 302</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ ῥάχιν παγέντες</b> [[impaled]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>190</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[fix upon]] an object, <b class="b3">κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα π</b>. <span class="bibl">Il.3.217</span> : intr. pf., πρὸς ἀστρονομίαν ὄμματα πέπηγεν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>53o</span>d, cf. Jul. l. c. (Pass.); πεπηγυῖα τὰς τῶν ὀμμάτων βολὰς ἐς τὰ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀπόρρητα <span class="bibl">Philostr.Jun.<span class="title">Im.</span>11</span> : c. inf., <b class="b3">ἡ σοφία ἀρέσκειν πέπηγε</b> [[is bent upon]] pleasing, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>605a</span> : abs., <b class="b3">τὸ πεπηγὸς ὄμμα</b> [[immovable]] eye, [[fixed]] gaze, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>1.46</span>, cf. Gal.16.610. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[fasten]] [different parts] [[together]], [[fit together]], [[build]], νῆας πῆξαι <span class="bibl">Il.2.664</span>; <b class="b3">ἴκρια π</b>. <span class="bibl">Od.5.163</span> :—Med., <b class="b3">πήξασθαι ἄμαξαν</b> [[build oneself]] a wagon, <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>455</span>; νέας πηξάμενοι <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.83</span> :—Pass., to [[be joined]] or [[put together]], ψυχὴ καὶ σῶμα παγέν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>246c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[make solid]] or [[stiff]], especially of liquids, [[freeze]], θεὸς… πήγνυσι πᾶν ῥέεθρον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>496</span>; <b class="b3">τοὺς ποταμοὺς ἔπηξε</b> (sc. <b class="b3">ὁ θεός</b>) <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>139</span>; βορρᾶς πηγνὺς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>4.5.3</span>; [[curdle]], γάλα Dsc.4.95 :—Med., <b class="b3">τυροὺς πήγνυσθαι</b> [[to make oneself]] cheese (by curdling the milk), Luc.<span class="title">VH</span>1.24 :—Pass. and intr. pf., [[become solid]], [[stiffen]], γοῦνα πήγνυται <span class="bibl">Il.22.453</span>; ἄρθρα πέπηγέ μου <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>1395</span> (but also, [[become firm]] or [[set]], of limbs, <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">NA</span>2.11</span>; πεπηγυῖα ὑγιεινὴ κατάστασις <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">Thras.</span>7</span>); of liquids, [[freeze]], ἡ θάλασσα πήγνυται <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.28</span>; <b class="b3">ἅλες πήγνυνται</b> salt [[crystallizes]], ib.<span class="bibl">53</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">6.119</span>; φόνος πέπηγεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>67</span>(lyr.); πεπάγαισιν ὐδάτων ῤόαι <span class="bibl">Alc.34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.4.3</span>; <b class="b3">κρύσταλλος ἐπεπήγει οὐ βέβαιος</b> [[was]] not [[frozen]] so as to bear, <span class="bibl">Th.3.23</span>; ἁνίκα [χιὼν] παχθῇ <span class="bibl">Theoc.23.31</span>; <b class="b3">ὄστρακον [ᾠοῦ] π</b>. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span> 752a35</span>; <b class="b3">γάλα π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">PA</span>676a14</span>; <b class="b3">ὀφθαλμῶν οἱ μὲν ὑγιεῖς, οἱ δὲ πεπηγότες</b> [[blind]], of buds, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>5.12.10</span> : metaph., to [[be petrified]], [[struck dumb]], <span class="bibl">Antiph.166.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> metaph., [[fix]], ὅρους τοῖς βαρβάροις <span class="bibl">Lycurg.73</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Aristopho 9.7</span> : Astrol., [[fix]], [[determine]] a nativity, Sch. <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Tetr.</span>103</span> :—Med., <b class="b3">ὄφρα ἐν φρασὶ πάξαιθ', ὅπως</b>… that [[he might keep it fixed in his]] heart, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>3.62</span>; [[establish]], χορούς <span class="bibl">Him.<span class="title">Or.</span>16.6</span> :— Pass. and intr. pf., to [[be irrevocably fixed]], [[established]], εἷς ὅρος ἡμῖν παγήσεται <span class="bibl">Th.4.92</span>; [[πῆγμα]] (Aurat. for [[πῆμα]]) γενναίως παγέν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1198</span>; κακῶς παγέντας ὅρκους <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>395</span>; ὀρθὰς παγείσας φρένας <span class="bibl">Carc. 6.2</span>; μὴ γὰρ ὡς θεῷ νομίζετ' ἐκείνῳ τὰ παρόντα πεπηγέναι πράγματα ἀθάνατα <span class="bibl">D.4.8</span>; τὰ καλῶς πεπηγότα τῇ φύσει <span class="bibl">Id.25.90</span>. (Cf. Lat. [[pango]].) </span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: to fix, to stick, to join, to congeal or to coagulate' (Il.).<br />Other forms: Dor. Aeol. <b class="b3">πάγ-</b>, also <b class="b3">-ύω</b> (X., Arist.), [[πήσσω]], <b class="b3">-ττω</b> (hell.), aor. [[πῆξαι]] (<b class="b3">ἔπηκτο Λ</b> 378; Schwyzer 751; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 383), pass. [[παγῆναι]], <b class="b3">πηχθῆ-ναι</b>, fut. [[πήξω]], perf. act. intr. [[πέπηγα]] (all Il.), trans. plqu. [[ἐπεπήχεσαν]] (D. C.), midd. [[πέπηγμαι]] (D. H., Arr.).<br />Compounds: Often w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐν-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">παρα-</b>. Compounds: <b class="b3">πηγεσί-μαλλος</b> [[dense of wool]] (Γ 197; <b class="b3">-εσι-</b> prob. only enlarging, Schwyzer 444 w. n. 4); <b class="b3">-πηξ</b>, e.g. in <b class="b3">ἀντί-πηξ</b>, <b class="b3">-γος</b> f. [[kind of chest]] (E.; Bergson Eranos 58, 12 ff.); <b class="b3">ναυ-πηγ-ός</b> m. [[shipbuilder]] (Att. etc.); <b class="b3">-πηγ-ής</b> and <b class="b3">-παγ-ής</b>, e.g. <b class="b3">εὑ-πηγ-ής</b>. <b class="b3">εὑ-παγ-ής</b> [[well built]] (φ 334, Pl.), <b class="b3">περιπηγ-ής</b> [[frozen around]] (Nic.); <b class="b3">συμπαγ-ής</b> [[put together]] (Pl.).<br />Derivatives: A. From the full grade : 1. [[πηγός]] [[solid]], [[dense]], [[strong]] (ep. poet. I 124), prob. prop, [[fixing]] (cf. Schwyzer 459, Chantraine Form. 13); second. [[white]], also [[black]] (late poetry; wrongly concluded from Hom., Kretschmer Glotta 31, 95ff., Leumann Hom. Wörter 214 n. 8, to it also Reiter Die griech. Bez. der Farben weiß, grau und braun 74 f.). 2. [[πηγάς]], <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. [[hoar-frost]], [[rime]] (Hes.); 3. [[πηγυλίς]] f. [[frosty]], [[icecold]] (ξ 476, A. R.), [[hoar-frost]], [[rime]] (AP a.o.). 3. [[πῆγμα]] (<b class="b3">διά-</b>, <b class="b3">παρά-</b>, <b class="b3">σύμ-</b>, <b class="b3">πρόσ-</b> πήγνυμι a.o.) n. <b class="b2">smth. joint together, stage, scaffold etc.</b> (Hp., hell.; coni. ap. A. Ag. 1198), <b class="b3">-μάτιον</b> (Ph., Procl.); 4. [[πῆξις]] (<b class="b3">σύμ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἔκ-</b>, <b class="b3">ἔμ-</b> πήγνυμι a.o.) f. [[fixing]], [[fastening]], [[coagulation]] (Hp., Arist.); [[πήγνυσις]] f. <b class="b2">id.</b> (Ps.-Thales). 5. [[πηκτός]], Dor. <b class="b3">πακ-</b> (<b class="b3">κατά-</b>, <b class="b3">σύμ-</b>, <b class="b3">εὔ-</b> πήγνυμι a.o.) <b class="b2">solid etc.</b> (in Att.); [[πηκτή]] f. [[set up net]], [[framework]] (Ar., Arist.), [[πακτά]] f. [[fresh cheese]] (Theoc. a.o.; cf. Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 47); [[ἐμπήκτης]] m. <b class="b2">one who sticks up (the Athen. judicial notes)</b> (Arist.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 74); [[πηκτίς]] (Dor. Aeol. <b class="b3">πακ-</b>), <b class="b3">-ίδος</b> f. name of a Lydian harp (IA.); [[πηκτικός]] (<b class="b3">ἐκ-</b> πήγνυμι ) [[making coagulate]], [[congeal]] (Thphr.. Dsc.). 6. [[πηγετός]] m. = <b class="b3">παγ-</b> (D. P.). -- B. From the zero grade: [[πάγος]], <b class="b3">-ετός</b>, <b class="b3">-ερός</b>, [[πάγη]], [[πάξ]], [[πάχνη]], s. vv. (not [[πάσσαλος]]); also [[πάγιος]] [[stout]], [[solid]] (Pl., Arist.) and [[παγεύς]] m. [[pedestal]] (Hero). Further also <b class="b3">πακ-τός</b> in <b class="b3">καταπακ-τός</b>, (Hdt.) and <b class="b3">πακτό-ω</b> (<b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐμ-</b> πήγνυμι) [[to fix]] (IA.; [[πακτός]] for trad. [[πηκτός]] in Hom.?; Wackernagel Unt. 11 f.).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [787] <b class="b2">*peh₂g-</b> [[make fest]], [[fix together]]<br />Etymology: Beside the <b class="b3">νυ-</b>present <b class="b3">πήγ-νυ-μι</b> (with second. full grade) stands in Latin and Germ. a zero grade formation with nasalinfix: Lat. <b class="b2">pa-n-g-ō</b> [[consolidate]], [[fix together]] (on the semant. agreement between Greek and Lat. Schulze KZ 57, 297 = Kl. Schr. 217), Germ., e.g. Goth. [[fahan]], OHG [[fāhan]] from PGerm. <b class="b2">*fa-n-χ-an</b> (IE <b class="b2">*paḱ-</b> beside <b class="b2">*paǵ-</b>) [[fasten]], [[catch]]. An analogous pair is <b class="b3">ζεύγ-νυ-μι</b>: <b class="b2">iu-n-g-ō</b>. Also the reduplicated perfekt <b class="b3">πέ-πηγ-α</b> has a formal agreement in Lat. <b class="b2">pe-pig-ī</b> with zero grade as in opt. [[πεπαγοίην]] (Eup.). Phonet. identical are further [[πηγός]] and [[pāgus]] m. [[district]], [[village]]; also, with secondary full grade, [[πηκτός]] and <b class="b2">com-pāctus</b>, [[πῆξις]] and <b class="b2">com-pācti-ō</b>. The original zero grade is in [[πακτός]] and [[pactus]] ([[sum]], beside [[paciscor]]) retained. Zero grade also, without direct connection with the Greek formations [[πάγος]] etc., in Germ., e.g. OS [[fac]] n. [[encompassing frontier]], NHG [[Fach]]. -- An aspirated byform Meillet finds BSL 36, 110 in Arm. [[p'akem]] [[close]], [[shut off]]. -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 2 f., Pok. 787f., W.-Hofmann s. [[pangō]] and [[pacīscō]]. (Not here [[πήγανον]].)

|mdlsjtxt=[[πέπηγα]] is [[generally]] used as perf. [[pass]].]<br />Radical [[sense]], to make [[fast]]; intr. and Pass. to be [[solid]] :<br /><b class="num">I.</b> to [[stick]] or fix in, ἐν δὲ μετώπωι [[πῆξε]] [τὴν αἰχμήν] Il.; π. ἐπὶ τύμβωι [[ἐρετμόν]] Od.:— to fix in the [[earth]], [[plant]], Soph.; σκηνὴν π. to [[pitch]] a [[tent]], Plat.; (so Mid., σκηνὰς [[πήξασθαι]] to [[pitch]] [[their]] tents, Hdt.):—intr. perf. and Pass., [[δόρυ]] δ' ἐν κραδίηι ἐπεπήγει the [[spear]] stuck [[fast]] in his [[heart]], Il.; ὀϊστοὶ πῆχθεν ἐν [[χροΐ]] Il.; [[ξίφος]] πέπηγεν ἐν γῆι Soph.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> to [[stick]] or fix on, κεφαλὴν ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι π. to [[stick]] the [[head]] on stakes, Il., etc.: —Pass., πηχθέντας [[μέλη]] ὀβελοῖσι having [[their]] limbs [[fixed]] on spits, Eur.; παγέντες [[impaled]], Aesch.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> to fix the eyes [[upon]] an [[object]], κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα π. Il.; ὄμματα [[πέπηγε]] πρός τι Plat.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> to [[fasten]] [[together]], [[construct]], [[build]], [[νῆας]] [[πῆξαι]] Il.; so Mid., ἄμαξαν [[πήξασθαι]] to [[build]] [[oneself]] a wagon, Hes.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> to make [[solid]], [[stiff]], [[hard]], of liquids, to [[freeze]], θεὸς πήγνυσι πᾶν [[ῥέεθρον]] Aesch.; ἔπηξε (sc. ὁ θεὸς) τοὺς ποταμούς Ar.:—intr. perf. and Pass. to [[become]] [[solid]], [[stiff]] or [[hard]], [[γοῦνα]] πήγνυται the limbs [[stiffen]], Il.; of liquids, to [[become]] [[congealed]], [[freeze]], Hdt.; [[ἅλες]] πήγνυνται the [[salt]] crystallises, Hdt.; [[κρύσταλλος]] ἐπεπήγει οὐ [[βέβαιος]] was not [[frozen]] [[strong]], Thuc.<br /><b class="num">IV.</b> metaph. to fix, Lat. pangere [[foedus]], intr. perf. and Pass. to be [[irrevocably]] [[fixed]], established, εἷς [[ὅρος]] [[ἡμῖν]] παγήσεται Thuc.; μὴ γὰρ ὡς θεῶι νομίζετ' ἐκείνωι τὰ παρόντα πεπηγέναι πράγματα ἀθάνατα Dem.

|ftr='''πήγνυμι''': (seit Il.),<br />{pḗgnumi}<br />'''Forms''': dor. äol. πάγ-, auch -ύω (X., Arist. u.a.), [[πήσσω]], -ττω (hell. u. sp.), Aor. πῆξαι (ἔπηκτο Λ 378; Schwyzer 751; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 383), Pass. παγῆναι, πηχθῆναι, Fut. πήξω, Perf. Akt. intr. [[πέπηγα]] (alles seit Il.), trans. Plqu. ἐπεπήχεσαν (D. C.), Med. πέπηγμαι (D. H., Arr. usw.),<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘befestigen, feststocken, zusammenfügen, gefrieren od. gerinnen machen’.<br />'''Composita''' : oft m. Präfix, z.B. ἐν-, συν-, κατα-, παρα-,<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen. A. Von der Hochstufe : 1. [[πηγός]] [[fest]], [[dicht]], [[stark]] (ep. poet. seit ''I'' 124), wohl eig. [[festmachend]] (vgl. Schwyzer 459, Chantraine Form. 13); sekund. [[weiß]], auch [[schwarz]] (sp. Bicht.; aus Hom. falsch erschlossen, Kretschmer Glotta 31, 95ff., Leumann Hom. Wörter 214 A. 8, dazu noch Reiter Die griech. Bez. der Farben weiß, grau und braun 74 f.). 2. [[πηγάς]], -άδος f. [[Reif]], [[Frost]] (Hes.); 3. [[πηγυλίς]] f. [[frostig]], [[eiskalt]] (ξ 476, A. R.), [[Reif]], [[Frost]] (''AP ''u.a.). 3. [[πῆγμα]] ([[διά]]-, [[παρά]]-, σύμ-, πρόσ- ~ u.a.) n. [[das Zusammengefügte]], [[Gerüst]], [[Gestell]] (Hp., hell. u. sp.; coni. ap. A. ''Ag''. 1198), -[[μάτιον]] (Ph., Prokl.); 4. [[πῆξις]] (σύμ-, ἔκ-, ἔμ- ~ u.a.) f. [[das Festmachen]], [[Befestigen]], [[Gerinnen]] (Hp., Arist. u.a.); [[πήγνυσις]] f. ib. (Ps.-Thales). 5. [[πηκτός]], dor. πακ- ([[κατά]]-, σύμ-, εὔ- ~ u.a.) [[fest]] (im. att.); [[πηκτή]] f. [[aufgestelltes Netz]], [[Stellbauer]] (Ar., Arist.), [[πακτά]] f. [[frischer Käse]] (Theok. u.a.; vgl. Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 47); [[ἐμπήκτης]] m. ‘Anstecker (der athen. Gerichtstäfelchen)’ (Arist.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 74); [[πηκτίς]] (dor. äol. πακ-), -ίδος f. N. einer lydischen Harfe (ion. att.); [[πηκτικός]] (ἐκ- ~ ) [[gefrieren]], [[gerinnen machend]] (Thphr.. Dsk.). 6. [[πηγετός]] m. = παγ- (D. P.). — B. Von der Tiefstufe: [[πάγος]], -ετός, -ερός, [[πάγη]], [[πάξ]], [[πάσσαλος]], [[πάχνη]], s. bes.; auch [[πάγιος]] [[gedrungen]], [[fest]] (Pl., Arist. usw.) und [[παγεύς]] m. [[Fußgestell]] (Hero). Dazu noch πακτός in [[καταπακτός]], (Hdt.) und [[πακτόω]] (ἐπι-, ἐμ- ~) [[befestigen]] (ion. att.; πακτός für überlief. [[πηκτός]] bei Hom.?; Wackernagel Unt. 11 f.). — Komposita (Zusammenbildungen) : [[πηγεσίμαλλος]] [[dichtwollig]] (Γ 197; -εσι- wohl nur erweiternd, Schwyzer 444m. A. 4); -πηξ, z.B. in [[ἀντίπηξ]], -γος f. [[Art Kiste]] (E.; Bergson Eranos 58, 12 ff.); [[ναυπηγός]] m. [[Schiffsbaumeister]] (att. usw.); -πηγής und -παγής, z.B. [[εὐπηγής]]. [[εὐπαγής]] [[festgebaut]] (φ 334, Pl. u.a.), [[περιπηγής]] [[ringsum gefroren]] (Nik.); [[συμπαγής]] [[zusammengefügt]] (Pl. u.a.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Neben dem νυ-Prasens [[πήγνυμι]] (mit sekundärer Hochstufe) steht im Latein und Germ. eine tiefstufige Bildung mit Nasalinfix: lat. ''pa''-''n''-''g''-''ō'' [[befestigen]], [[zusammenfügen]] (zur semant. Übereinstimmung zwischen Griech. und Lat. Schulze KZ 57, 297 = Kl. Schr. 217), germ., z.B. got. ''fahan'', ahd. ''fāhan'' aus urg. *''fa''-''n''-χ-''an'' (idg. *''paḱ''- neben *''paĝ''-) [[festnehmen]], [[fangen]]. Ein analoges Präsenspaar ist [[ζεύγνυμι]]: ''iu''-''n''-''g''-''ō''. Auch das reduplizierte Perfekt [[πέπηγα]] hat ein formales Gegenstück in lat. ''pe''-''pig''-''ī'' mit Tiefstufe wie im Opt. πεπαγοίην (Eup.). Lautlich identisch sind ferner [[πηγός]] und ''pāgus'' m. [[Landgemeindeverband]], [[Dorf]], [[Gau]]; auch, mit sekundärer Hochstufe, [[πηκτός]] und ''com''-''pāctus'', [[πῆξις]] und ''com''-''pācti''-''ō''. Die ursprüngliche Tiefstufe ist in πακτός und ''păctus'' (''sum'', neben ''păciscor'') erhalten. Tiefstufe ebenfalls, ohne direkten Zusammenhang mit den griech. Bildungen [[πάγος]] usw., in germ., z.B. asächs. ''fac'' n. [[Umfassung]], [[Umzäunung]], nhd. ''Fach''. — Eine aspirierte Nebenform will MeilletBSL 36, 110 in arm. ''p’akem'' [[zumachen]], [[verschließen]] finden. — Weitere Formen m. Lit. bei WP. 2, 2 f., Pok. 787f., W.-Hofmann s. ''pangō'' und ''pacīscō''. S. auch [[πήγανον]].<br />'''Page''' 2,525-526