πηδάλιον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ], τό, ([[πηδόν]]) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[steering-paddle]], [[rudder]], Hom., only in Od.; π. μετὰ χερσὶ… νηὸς ἔχοντα <span class="bibl">3.281</span>; π. ποιήσατο, ὄφρ' ἰθύνοι <span class="bibl">5.255</span>; <b class="b3">πηδαλίῳ ἰθύνετο τεχνηέντως ἥμενος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">270</span>; <b class="b3">π. δὲ ἐκ χειρῶν προέηκε</b> ib.<span class="bibl">315</span>; <b class="b3">π. δὲ ἓν ποιεῦνται</b> (sc. [[Αἰγύπτιοι]]) καὶ τοῦτο διὰ τῆς τρόπιος διαβύνεται <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.96</span>; Greek ships had a pair, hence in plural, of a single ship, <span class="bibl">Id.4.110</span>, <span class="bibl">Cratin.139</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>542</span>, <span class="bibl">Diph.43.11</span>; <b class="b3">πηδάλια ζεύγλαισι</b> (cross-bars) παρακαθίετο <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1536</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνέντες τὰς ζευκτηρίας τῶν π</b>. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>27.40</span>; <b class="b3">πηδάλια εἶχε τέτταρα τριακονταπήχη</b>, of the [[τεσσαρακοντήρης]] of [[Ptolemy]] IV, <span class="bibl">Callix.1</span> : metaph. in Com., [γυνὴ]… οὐδὲ μικρὸν πείθεται ἑνὶ πηδαλίῳ <span class="bibl">Theophil.6</span> : [[proverb|prov.]], [[πηδάλια κρεμάσαι]] = to [[retire]] from a seafaring [[life]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>711</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., [[ἱππικὰ πηδάλια]], of [[rein]]s, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>206</span>(lyr.); νώμα δικαίῳ π. στρατόν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.86</span>; τὰ πηδάλια τῆς διανοίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Clit.</span>408b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in plural, of the [[oar]]s by which the [[nautilus]] is said to [[steer]] himself, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>622b13</span>; of the long hind [[leg]]s of the [[locust]] and [[grasshopper]], ib.<span class="bibl">532a29</span>,<span class="bibl">535b12</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IA</span>710a3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> = [[πολύγονον ἄρρεν]] ([[knotgrass]], [[knot-grass]], [[Polygonum aviculare]], [[prostrate knotweed]], [[birdweed]], [[pigweed]], [[lowgrass]]), Ps.-Dsc.4.4.</span>

|txtha=πηδαλίου, τό (from πηδον the [[blade]] of an [[oar]], an [[oar]]), from Homer down, a [[ship]]'s [[rudder]] :. B. D., [[under]] the [[word]], Ship (2); cf. Graser, Das Seewesen des Alterthums, in the Philologus for 1865, p. 266f); James 3:4.