ἕσπερος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ον (v. sub fin.), <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[of]] or [[at evening]], <b class="b3">[ἀστὴρ] ἕ</b>. the [[evening]]-star, <span class="bibl">Il.22.318</span>; opp.<b class="b3">ἑῷος ἀστήρ</b>,<span class="title">AP</span>7.670 (Pl.); [[proverb|prov.]], οὔθ' ἕσπερος οὔθ' ἑῷος οὕτω θαυμαστός <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1129b28</span> : as [[substantive]], without [[ἀστήρ]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 1149</span>, <span class="bibl">Bion<span class="title">Fr.</span>8.1</span>; ἔσπερε πάντα φέρων ὄσα φαίνολις ἐσκέδασ' αὔως Sapph.95; especially of the planet Venus, <span class="bibl">Eratosth.<span class="title">Cat.</span>43</span>, <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">ND</span>2.20.53</span>; also ἕ. σελάνας φάος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).73</span>; <b class="b3">ἕ. θεός</b> the god [[of darkness]], i.e. Hades or death, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>178</span>(lyr.); like [[ἑσπέριος]], joined with a Verb, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Hom.</span>19.14</span>; <b class="b3">ἕ. γίγνεται</b>, of the planet Venus, <span class="bibl">Ti.Locr.96e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> as [[substantive]], [[evening]], μέλας ἐπὶ ἕσπερος ἦλθε <span class="bibl">Od.1.423</span>; <b class="b3">μένον δ' ἐπὶ ἕσπερον ἐλθεῖν</b> waited the coming on of [[evening]], <span class="bibl">4.786</span>; <b class="b3">ποτὶ ἕσπερον</b> at [[eventide]], <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>552</span> : also heterocl. pl., ποτὶ ἕσπερα <span class="bibl">Od.17.191</span>; ὑφ' ἕσπερα <span class="title">AP</span>5.304 : fem., ἐρεμνὴ ἕσπερος <span class="bibl">A.R.4.1290</span> : metaph. of age, <b class="b3">τί δ' ἕσπερός ἐστι γυναικῶν</b>; <span class="title">AP</span>5.232 (Maced.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[western]], τόποι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>350</span>; ἀγκῶνες <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>805</span>; ὠκεανός <span class="bibl">D.P.63</span>; [[ἕ]]. (sc. [[γῆ]]) [[the west country]], ἀφ' ἑσπέρου <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Del.</span>174</span>; πρὸς ἑσπέρου <span class="bibl">D.P.335</span>; <b class="b3">ἑσπέρου κέρας</b>, promontory in Africa, <span class="bibl">Ptol.<span class="title">Geog.</span>4.6.2</span> : as adjective, ὁ Ἥλιος..-ον κύκλον διανύων Nech. ap. <span class="bibl">Vett.Val.154.29</span>. (<b class="b3">ϝέσπ-</b>, cf. [[Ἑσπέριος]] fin.)</span>

|ftr='''ἕσπερος''': {hésperos}<br />'''Grammar''': m.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Abend]] (ep. poet. seit Od.), Adj. [[abendlich]], [[westlich]], auch substant. [[Abendstern]] (poet. seit Il., hell. u. spät); [[ἑσπέρα]], ion. -ρη f. [[Abend]], [[Westen]] (Pi., ion. att., wie [[ἡμέρα]]).<br />'''Composita''' : Als Hinterglied in [[ἐφέσπερος]] [[westlich]] (S. ''OC'' 1059 [lyr.]), [[ἀκρέσπερος]] [[am äußersten Abend]], [[bei einbrechender Nacht]] (Arist., Theok., Hp. usw., -ιος ''AP''), ποθέσπερα Adv. (Theok.), [[προσεσπέριος]] (seit Arist.) u. a.<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: [[ἑσπέριος]] [[abendlich]], [[westlich]] (vorw. poet. seit Φ 560, sp. Prosa), subst. [[Ἑσπερία]] [[Westen]], [[Hesperien]] (Agathyll. ap. D. H. 1, 49), ϝεσπάριοι Ben. der westlichen Lokrer (V^a), f. [[ἑσπερίς]], insbes. im Plur. als EN [[die Hesperiden]] (Hes. usw.); später [[ἑσπερινός]] ib. (X., [[LXX]] usw., Schwyzer 490 m. Lit.); [[ἑσπερικός]] ib. (Juba), [[ἑσπερίτης]], -ῖτις ([[χώρα]]; D. L.; Redard Les noms grecs en -της 112). — Denominatives Verb [[ἑσπερίζω]] [[den Abend verbringen]] (Doroth.; ngr. σπερίζω, vgl. Kretschmer Glotta 11, 247 m. Lit.) mit [[ἑσπέρισμα]] (Lex. ap. Ath. 1, 11 d).<br />'''Etymology''' : Erbwort, mit lat. ''vesper'', -''ī'' [[Abend]] identisch. Neben idg. *''u̯esper''-''o''-''s'' stehen lit. ''vãkaras'', aksl. ''večerъ'' [[Abend]] aus *''ueqeros''. Ähnliche Wörter für [[Abend]] begegnen im Keltischen, z. B. kymr. ''ucher'', und in arm. ''gišer''. Über die mehrfachen Versuche, diese Formen miteinander in Einklang zu bringen, s. W.-Hofmann ''s''. ''vesper''. — Nach Havers Sprachtabu 125 war der Wechsel tabuistisch (?); ähnlich Specht Ursprung 13f.<br />'''Page''' 1,575