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|Transliteration C=ptochos | |Transliteration C=ptochos | ||
|Beta Code=ptwxo/s | |Beta Code=ptwxo/s | ||
|Definition=ή, όν, also ός, όν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1274</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>444</span>,<span class="bibl">751</span>:—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[beggar]], <span class="bibl">Od. 14.400</span>, <span class="bibl">18.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.14</span>, etc.; πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε <span class="bibl">Od.6.208</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.475</span>; πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>26</span>; π. ἀνὴρ ἀλαλήμενος ἐλθών <span class="bibl">Od.21.327</span>; | |Definition=ή, όν, also ός, όν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1274</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>444</span>,<span class="bibl">751</span>:—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[beggar]], <span class="bibl">Od. 14.400</span>, <span class="bibl">18.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.14</span>, etc.; πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε <span class="bibl">Od.6.208</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">17.475</span>; πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>26</span>; π. ἀνὴρ ἀλαλήμενος ἐλθών <span class="bibl">Od.21.327</span>; πτωχοὶ καὶ ἀλήμονες ἄνδρες <span class="bibl">19.74</span>; πτωχοὺς ἀλᾶσθαι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>515</span>; πτωχοῦ βίος ζῆν ἐστιν μηδὲν ἔχοντα, τοῦ δὲ πένητος ζῆν φειδόμενον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>552</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], πτωχοῦ πήρη οὐ πίμπλαται <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Fr.</span>360</span>: [[πτωχή]] = [[beggar-woman]], <span class="bibl">Ath.10.453a</span> (so [[πτωχός]] (fem.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>444</span>); χήρα πτωχή <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>12.42</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph., οἱ πτωχοὶ τῷ πνεύματι <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>5.3</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Luc.</span>6.20</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> as adjective, [[beggarly]], πτωχῷ διαίτῃ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>751</span>; π. στοιχεῖα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Gal.</span>4.9</span>: c. gen., [[beggared of]], [[poor in]], [πηγὴ] π. νυμφῶν <span class="title">AP</span>9.258 (Antiphan.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Comp. πτωχότερος <span class="bibl">Timocl.6.10</span>; [[proverb|prov.]], [[πτωχότερος κίγκλου]] '[[as poor as a church mouse]]', <span class="bibl">Men.221</span>; irreg. [[πτωχίστερος]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>425</span>: Sup. πτωχότατος <span class="title">AP</span>10.50 (Pall.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> Adv. [[πτωχῶς]] = [[poorly]], [[scantily]], ἠροτρία π. μέν, ἀλλ' ἀναγκαίως <span class="bibl">Babr.55.2</span>.</span> | ||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
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{{elnl | {{elnl | ||
|elnltext= | |elnltext=πτωχός -ή -όν [~ πτώσσω] ook f. -ός bédelend, bedelaars-:; πτωχῷ διαίτῃ in uw bedelaarsbestaan Soph. OC 751; subst. ὁ πτωχός, ἡ πτωχή bedelaar, bedelares. arm:; μακάριοι οἱ π. τῷ πνεύματι gelukkig de armen van geest NT Mt. 5.3; armzalig:. τὰ ἀσθενῆ καὶ πτωχὰ στοιχεῖα de zwakke en armzalige machten NT Gal. 4.9. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=Grammatical information: m. (f.)<br />Meaning: [[beggar]], also adj. [[begging]], [[poor]] (Od.).<br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">πτωχο-ποιός</b> [[drawing beggarly characters]] (Ar.), [[making beggars]] (Plu.), <b class="b3">ὑπέρ-πτωχος</b> [[very poor]] (Arist.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 170 n. 3).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πτωχ-ικός</b> [[beggarly]] (Att.; Chantraine | |etymtx=Grammatical information: m. (f.)<br />Meaning: [[beggar]], also adj. [[begging]], [[poor]] (Od.).<br />Compounds: Some compp., e.g. <b class="b3">πτωχο-ποιός</b> [[drawing beggarly characters]] (Ar.), [[making beggars]] (Plu.), <b class="b3">ὑπέρ-πτωχος</b> [[very poor]] (Arist.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 170 n. 3).<br />Derivatives: <b class="b3">πτωχ-ικός</b> [[beggarly]] (Att.; Chantraine Études 119), <b class="b3">-εῖον</b> n. [[almshouse]] (Cod. Iust. a.o.), <b class="b3">-εύω</b> [[to beg]] (Od.) with <b class="b3">-εία</b>, Ion. <b class="b3">-ηΐη</b> f. [[beggary]] (IA.), <b class="b3">-ίζω</b> [[to make a beggar]] (LXX).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [825] <b class="b2">*pteh₂-(k-</b>) [[duck away]], [[shy]]<br />Etymology: Velar fornation like [[πτώξ]], [[πτώσσω]] (s. vv. and [[πτοέω]]) with popular-expressive aspiration, but withour direct agreement; cf. however, with combined <b class="b3">ρ-</b>suffix, the synonymous <b class="b3">πενι-χρός</b> (s. [[πένομαι]]). With the much later perf. [[ἔπτηχα]] (Schwyzer 458 a. 772) there is no direct connection. | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
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{{Chinese | {{Chinese | ||
|sngr='''原文音譯''':ptwcÒj 普拖何士<br />'''詞類次數''':形容詞(34)<br />'''原文字根''':貧窮 相當於: ([[אֶבְיׄון]]‎) ([[דַּל]]‎) ([[מוּךְ]]‎) ([[מַחְסׄור]]‎) ([[עָנִי]]‎) ([[ | |sngr='''原文音譯''':ptwcÒj 普拖何士<br />'''詞類次數''':形容詞(34)<br />'''原文字根''':貧窮 相當於: ([[אֶבְיׄון]]‎) ([[דַּל]]‎) ([[מוּךְ]]‎) ([[מַחְסׄור]]‎) ([[עָנִי]]‎) ([[רוּשׁ]]‎) ([[רֵישׁ]]‎)<br />'''字義溯源''':乞丐,討飯的,無用的,窮人,貧窮人,貧窮,貧,窮,受壓制的,可憐的,缺乏;源自([[πτῶσις]])X*=蹲伏),類似([[πτοέω]])=驚慌*)。這是說到貧窮主要的一個編號,既指財物上的貧窮,也指屬靈上的貧窮。保羅說,主耶穌本來富足,卻為我們成了貧窮,叫我們因他的貧窮,可以成為富足( 林後8:9)。這樣可以激勵信徒為基督的緣故,在地上自甘貧窮。參讀 ([[πένης]])同義字<br />'''同源字''':1) ([[πτωχεία]])赤貧 2) ([[πτωχεύω]])成了貧窮 3) ([[πτωχός]])乞丐<br />'''出現次數''':總共(34);太(5);可(5);路(10);約(4);羅(1);林後(1);加(2);雅(4);啓(2)<br />'''譯字彙編''':<br />1) 窮人(16) 太11:5; 太19:21; 太26:9; 太26:11; 可10:21; 可14:5; 可14:7; 路7:22; 路18:22; 路19:8; 約12:5; 約12:6; 約12:8; 羅15:26; 加2:10; 雅2:3;<br />2) 窮(4) 可12:42; 可12:43; 路21:3; 約13:29;<br />3) 貧窮(2) 林後6:10; 啓3:17;<br />4) 貧窮人(2) 雅2:5; 雅2:6;<br />5) 貧窮的人(2) 太5:3; 路6:20;<br />6) 討飯的(2) 路16:20; 路16:22;<br />7) 貧窮的(2) 路14:13; 路14:21;<br />8) 貧的(1) 啓13:16;<br />9) 給貧窮的(1) 路4:18;<br />10) 一個窮人(1) 雅2:2;<br />11) 無用的(1) 加4:9 | ||
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{{ | {{trml | ||
| | |trtx====beggar=== | ||
Albanian: lypës; Arabic: سَائِل; Hijazi Arabic: شَحَّات; Moroccan Arabic: سعاي, طلاب; Armenian: մուրացկան; Aromanian: tsiritor, tsiritonj, tsiripãni, dicunjar, proseac, pitaci, zicljar; Asturian: méndigu; Azerbaijani: dilənçi; Baluchi: پکیر, فقیر, پنڈوک; Bashkir: хәйерсе; Belarusian: жабрак, жабрачка; Bulgarian: просяк, просякиня; Burmese: သူတောင်းစား; Catalan: mendicant, captaire; Chinese Mandarin: 乞丐, 叫花子, 花子; Czech: žebrák, žebračka; Danish: tigger, tiggerske, betler, betlerske; Dutch: [[bedelaar]], [[bedelaarster]], [[bedelares]]; Esperanto: almozulo, almozulino, almozisto, almozistino; Estonian: kerjus; Faroese: biddari; Finnish: kerjäläinen; French: [[gueux]], [[mendiant]], [[mendiante]], [[quêteux]]; Galician: mendigo, mendiga, mendicante; Georgian: მათხოვარი; German: [[Bettler]], [[Bettlerin]], [[Bettelmann]], [[Bettelfrau]], [[Bettelweib]], Bettelbruder, Bettelschwester, Pracher, Pracherin; Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌲𐍅𐌰; Greek: [[ζητιάνος]], [[ζητιάνα]], [[επαίτης]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἐπαίτης]], [[προσαίτης]]; Hebrew: קַבּצָן; Hindi: याचक, भिक्षुक, भिखमंगा; Hungarian: koldus; Icelandic: betlari, beiningamaður; Indonesian: pengemis; Irish: sirtheoir, bacach; Italian: [[mendicante]]; Japanese: 乞食; Khmer: អ្នកសុំទាន; Korean: 걸개(乞丐), 거지, 걸인(乞人); Lao: ຄົນຂໍທານ; Latin: [[mendicus]]; Latvian: ubags, ubadze; Lithuanian: elgeta; Macedonian: питач, питачка, просјак, просјачка; Malay: pengemis; Malayalam: ഭിക്ഷക്കാരൻ, യാചകൻ; Maltese: tallab; Manchu: ᡤᡳᠣᡥᠣᡨᠣ; Middle English: beggere; Mongolian Cyrillic: гуйлгачин; Navajo: adókeedí; Ngazidja Comorian: mmezi; Norman: bédgeux, pouqu'teux; North Frisian Föhr-Amrum: beedler, trögel, beedelmaan; Norwegian Bokmål: tigger, betler, betlerske; Nynorsk: tiggar; Pali: yācaka; Devanagari: याचक; Thai: ยาจก; Persian: گدا; Plautdietsch: Pracha; Polish: żebrak, żebraczka; Portuguese: [[mendigo]], [[mendiga]], [[pedinte]]; Romani: čororo; Romanian: cerșetor, cerșetoare; Russian: [[попрошайка]], [[нищеброд]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: про̏сја̄к, просја̀киња; Roman: prȍsjāk, prosjàkinja; Sicilian: addumanneri, addumannera; Slovak: žobrák, žobráčka; Slovene: berač, beračica; Spanish: [[mendigo]], [[mendiga]], [[pordiosero]], [[mendicante]], [[limosnero]]; Swahili: mwombaji; Swedish: tiggare, tiggerska, bettlare, bettlerska; Tagalog: pulubi, tanglo; Tajik: гадо; Thai: ขอทาน; Tibetan: སྤྲང་པོ; Tocharian B: yaṣṣuca; Turkish: dilenci; Tuvan: диленчи; Ukrainian: жебрак, жебрачка; Uzbek: gadoy, tilanchi; Vietnamese: ăn xin, ăn mày; Volapük: lubegan, hilubegan, jilubegan, lubeganef, hilubeganef, jilubeganef; Yakut: умнаһыт; Zhuang: gaujvaq | |||
===poor=== | |||
Aghwan: 𐕄𐔼𐕎𐕒𐕡𐔸; Albanian: varfër; Alemannic German: àrm; Arabic: فَقِير; Egyptian Arabic: فقير; Hijazi Arabic: فقير; Armenian: աղքատ, չքավոր, քյասիբ; Aromanian: aruptu, discultsu, caimen, ftoh, ftohu, oarfãn, fucãrã; Asturian: probe; Azerbaijani: kasıb, yoxsul, fağır, füqəra, fağır-füqarə, kasıb-kusub, imkansız; Bashkir: ярлы; Basque: behartsu; Belarusian: бедны; Bengali: গরিব, মিসকিন, বেচারা; Bikol Central: pobre, mahidap; Breton: paour; Bulgarian: беден; Burmese: ဆင်းရဲ; Catalan: pobre; Chamicuro: pople; Chinese Cantonese: 窮, 穷; Mandarin: 貧窮, 贫穷, 貧乏, 贫乏, 窮, 穷; Min Dong: 窮, 穷; Czech: chudý; Dalmatian: pauper; Danish: fattig; Dutch: [[arm]], [[armoedig]], [[berooid]]; Elfdalian: fattin; Emilian: pôver; Esperanto: malriĉa; Estonian: vaene; Faroese: fátækur; Finnish: köyhä; French: [[pauvre]]; Friulian: puar, pùar; Galician: pobre; Georgian: ღარიბი; German: [[arm]]; Pennsylvania German: arm, aarem; Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌻𐌴𐌸𐍃, 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃; Greek: [[φτωχός]]; Ancient Greek: [[πένης]], [[πτωχός]]; Greenlandic: piitsoq; Hawaiian: hoʻohune, hoʻoʻilihune; Hebrew: עָנִי, דלת העם; Hindi: ग़रीब, दीन, फ़क़ीर, फकीर, मिस्कीन, बेचारा, गरीब; Hungarian: szegény; Icelandic: fátækur; Ido: povra; Indonesian: miskin; Ingush: къе; Interlingua: povre; Inuktitut Inuttut: ajutsak, annguvik; Irish: bocht, daibhir; Italian: [[povero]]; Japanese: 貧しい, 貧乏な; Javanese: mlarat; Kazakh: кедей, жарлы; Khmer: ក្រ; Korean: 가난하다, 빈곤하다; Kumyk: пакъыр; Kurdish Central Kurdish: دەست کورت, ھەژار, فەقیر; Northern Kurdish: feqîr, xizan; Kyrgyz: жарды, кедей; Ladin: puere; Ladino Latin: prove; Lao: ຈົນ, ທຸກຈົນ; Latin: [[pauper]], [[egens]]; Latvian: nabags; Ligurian: pöveo, poveru; Limburgish: erm; Lithuanian: skurdus, vargingas; Livonian: joutõm; Lombard: pover, por; Luxembourgish: aarm; Lü: ᦷᦑᧅᦕᦱᧃ; Macedonian: сиромашен; Malay: miskin; Maltese: fqir; Maori: pōhara; Maranao: miskin; Marathi: गरीब, दीन; Mirandese: probe; Mongolian Cyrillic: ядуу; Navajo: doo atʼį́į da; Norman: pauvre, pouôrre; Northern Sami: geafi; Norwegian Bokmål: fattig, blakk; Occitan: paure; Old English: earm; Pashto: بېچاره, غريب, فقير; Persian: فقیر, مسکین; Piedmontese: pòver; Plautdietsch: oam; Polish: biedny, ubogi; Portuguese: [[pobre]], [[necessitado]], [[humilde]], [[empobrecido]]; Quechua: wakcha; Romani: ćorro; Romanian: sărac, sărman, pauper, mizer, nevoiaș; Romansch: pauper, pover; Russian: [[бедный]], [[нищий]]; Sanskrit: दीन, ध्रिगु; Sardinian: poaru, pobaru, poberu; Scottish Gaelic: truagh, bochd; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: сиро̀машан, у̏бог, бе̑дан, бије̑дан; Roman: siròmašan, ȕbog, bȇdan, bijȇdan; Sicilian: pòviru, pòvuru, povru; Slovak: chudobný, biedny; Slovene: reven, ubog; Somali: sabool; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: chudy; Upper Sorbian: chudy; Southern Altai: бакыр, јоксус, јокту; Spanish: [[pobre]]; Swahili: maskini; Swedish: fattig; Tagalog: mahirap, dukha, maralita; Tajik: камбағал, бечора, фақир; Tatar: ярлы, фәкыйрь; Telugu: బీద, పేద; Thai: จน, ยากจน; Tibetan: སྐྱོ་པོ; Tocharian B: snaitstse; Turkish: fakir, yoksul, züğürt, fukara, kembağal; Turkmen: garyp, biçäre; Udi: касиб; Udmurt: куанер; Ugaritic: 𐎀𐎁𐎊𐎐; Ukrainian: бі́дний; Urdu: غریب, دین; Uyghur: كەمبەغەل, پېقىر, بىچارە; Uzbek: kambagʻal, faqir, gʻarib, bechora; Venetian: poro, poaro, povaro, pore; Vietnamese: nghèo, khó; Volapük: pöfik; Walloon: pôve, målureus; Welsh: tlawd, llwm; West Frisian: earm; Yiddish: אָרעם, דלותדיק, בדלות | |||
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