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ἄριστον: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=ariston | |Transliteration C=ariston | ||
|Beta Code=a)/riston | |Beta Code=a)/riston | ||
|Definition=τό, [[morning meal]], [[breakfast]], twice in Hom., ἐντύνοντ' ἄ. ἅμ' ἠοῖ | |Definition=τό, [[morning meal]], [[breakfast]], twice in Hom., ἐντύνοντ' ἄ. ἅμ' ἠοῖ Od.16.2, cf. Il.24.124; ἄριστα, δεῖπνα, δόρπα θ' [[αἱρεῖσθαι]] τρίτα A.''Fr.''182, cf. ''Ag.''331: later, [[breakfast]] was called [[ἀκράτισμα]], and [[ἄριστον]] was the [[midday]] [[meal]], our [[luncheon]], cf. Th.4.90, 7.81; ἄριστον αἱρεῖσθαι, ἄριστον ποιεῖσθαι, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.26, 6.78; ἀπ' ἀρίστου μέχρι δείλης [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''619a15. [ᾱ; contr. from ᾰ(y)ερι-στον, cf. Goth. air, OHG. ēr ‘early’, Avest. ayarə ‘day’; also ᾱ(y)ερ- in [[ἦρι]], [[ἠέριος]]; -στο- from -d-to-, root ed-‘eat’.] | ||
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{{DGE | |||
|dgtxt=-ου, τό<br /><b class="num">• Prosodia:</b> [ᾱ-]<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[desayuno]] ἐντύνοντ' ἄ. ἅμ' ἠοῖ <i>Od</i>.16.2 (falsa etim. <i>ad loc</i>. en Plu.2.726d), cf. <i>Il</i>.24.124, ἄριστα, δεῖπνα δόρπα θ' αἰρεῖσθαι τρίτα A.<i>Fr</i>.182.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[almuerzo]], [[comida de mediodía]] ἐπ' [[ἄριστον]] ... κέκληκεν αὐτήν la invitó a comer</i> Ar.<i>Ec</i>.348, ἀπ' [[ἄριστον]] μέχρι δείλης Arist.<i>HA</i> 619<sup>a</sup>15, op. [[δεῖπνον]] Hdt.7.120, X.<i>Eq</i>.9.11, <i>HG</i> 6.1.15, Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.1042<sup>b</sup>21, Diotog.p.76.23, <i>IStratonikeia</i> 256.4 (II d.C.), fig. de la eucaristía, Chrys.M.61.78, op. [[νήστεις]]: τοὺς δ' ... πόνος νήστεις πρὸς ἀρίστοισιν ... τάσσει A.<i>A</i>.331, cf. Arist.<i>Pr</i>.904<sup>b</sup>4, op. [[μονοσιτίη]] Hp.<i>Vict</i>.2.60<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[ἀρίστου τυχεῖν]] = [[comer]], [[almorzar]] X.<i>Cyr</i>.4.2.38, [[ἄριστον]] ποιεῖσθαι Hdt.6.78, Th.7.40, [[ἄριστον]] αἱρεῖν Hdt.3.26, D.H.1.55, cf. Hdt.1.63, Hp.<i>Vict</i>.3.68, 73, E.<i>Cyc</i>.214, X.<i>HG</i> 4.5.3, <i>An</i>.4.5.30, <i>Cyr</i>.1.2.11, <i>Didyma</i> 201.15 (I a.C.), Luc.<i>Asin</i>.17, Plu.2.64b, D.C.37.46.4.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Comp. de *ἄ(<i>i̯</i>)ερι < *<i>H°-H<sup>i̯</sup>2er</i>- ‘[[temprano]]’, cf. av. <i>ayarə</i>, <i>ayąn</i> ‘[[día]]’ y del grado cero *<i>H1d</i>- de la raíz *<i>ed</i>- < *<i>H1ed</i>- ‘[[comer]]’. Según otros el 1<sup>er</sup> término sería un loc. *ἀρι < *α<i>i̯</i>ερι. | |||
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{{pape | {{pape | ||
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{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=ου (τό) :<br />petit-déjeuner, repas du matin ; <i>plus tard</i> déjeuner, repas du milieu du jour.<br />'''Étymologie:''' DELG *ἀρι cf. [[ἔαρ]], -ιστ- cf. [[ἐσθίω]] : repas du matin.<br /><i><b>Par.</b></i> [[ἀκράτισμα]], [[δεῖπνον]], [[δόρπον]]. | |btext=ου (τό) :<br />petit-déjeuner, repas du matin ; <i>plus tard</i> [[déjeuner]], [[repas du milieu du jour]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' DELG *ἀρι cf. [[ἔαρ]], -ιστ- cf. [[ἐσθίω]] : repas du matin.<br /><i><b>Par.</b></i> [[ἀκράτισμα]], [[δεῖπνον]], [[δόρπον]]. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Autenrieth | {{Autenrieth | ||
|auten=[[breakfast]]; in [[Homer]] taken [[not]] [[long]] [[after]] [[sunrise]]; only ἐντύνοντο [[ἄριστον]], Ω 12, Od. 16.2. | |auten=[[breakfast]]; in [[Homer]] taken [[not]] [[long]] [[after]] [[sunrise]]; only ἐντύνοντο [[ἄριστον]], Ω 12, Od. 16.2. | ||
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{{StrongGR | {{StrongGR | ||
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{{Thayer | {{Thayer | ||
|txtha=ἀρίστου, τό (from Homer down);<br /><b class="num">a.</b> the [[first]] [[food]], taken [[early]] in the [[morning]] [[before]] [[work]], [[breakfast]]; [[dinner]] [[was]] called [[δεῖπνον]]. But the [[later]] Greeks called [[breakfast]]; τό [[ἀκράτισμα]], and [[dinner]] [[ἄριστον]] i. e. [[δεῖπνον]] μεσηβρινον, Athen. 1,9, 10, p. 11b.; and so in the N. T. Hence,<br /><b class="num">b.</b> [[dinner]]: ποιεῖν [[ἄριστον]] ἤ [[δεῖπνον]], to [[which]] others are invited); ἑτοιμάζειν). (B. D. [[under]] the [[word]] Smith's Bible Dictionary, Meals; Becker's [[Charicles]], [[namely]], vi. excurs. i. (English translation, p. 312 f).) | |txtha=ἀρίστου, τό (from Homer down);<br /><b class="num">a.</b> the [[first]] [[food]], taken [[early]] in the [[morning]] [[before]] [[work]], [[breakfast]]; [[dinner]] [[was]] called [[δεῖπνον]]. But the [[later]] Greeks called [[breakfast]]; τό [[ἀκράτισμα]], and [[dinner]] [[ἄριστον]] i. e. [[δεῖπνον]] μεσηβρινον, Athen. 1,9, 10, p. 11b.; and so in the [[NT|N.T.]] Hence,<br /><b class="num">b.</b> [[dinner]]: ποιεῖν [[ἄριστον]] ἤ [[δεῖπνον]], to [[which]] others are invited); ἑτοιμάζειν). (B. D. [[under]] the [[word]] Smith's Bible Dictionary, Meals; Becker's [[Charicles]], [[namely]], vi. excurs. i. (English translation, p. 312 f).) | ||
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{{grml | {{grml | ||
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{{elru | {{elru | ||
|elrutext='''ἄριστον:'''<br /><b class="num">I</b> (ᾰ) n к [[ἄριστος]].<br /><b class="num">II</b> τό (ᾱ - эп. ᾰ)<br /><b class="num">1 | |elrutext='''ἄριστον:'''<br /><b class="num">I</b> (ᾰ) n к [[ἄριστος]].<br /><b class="num">II</b> τό (ᾱ - эп. ᾰ)<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[ранняя трапеза]], [[утренний завтрак]] Hom., Aesch.;<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[полуденная трапеза]], [[дневной завтрак]] Her., Thuc., Arph., Arst. | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
|mdlsjtxt=[ᾰ in Epic, α in [[ | |mdlsjtxt=[ᾰ in Epic, α in [[Attic]]<br />the [[morning]] [[meal]], [[breakfast]], taken at [[sunrise]], Hom., Hdt.; ἄριστα, δεῖπνα, δόρπα θ' αἱρεῖσθαι τρίτον Aesch.:—[[later]], [[ἄριστον]] was the mid-day [[meal]], Roman [[prandium]], Thuc. [Perh. [[akin]] to ἦρι, [[early]].] | ||
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{{FriskDe | {{FriskDe | ||
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{{Chinese | {{Chinese | ||
|sngr='''原文音譯'''：¥riston 阿里士團<br />'''詞類次數'''：名詞（3）<br />'''原文字根'''：午餐<br />'''字義溯源'''：最佳的一餐，筵席，早飯，午飯；源自（[[ἄρρην]] / [[ἄρσην]]）*=男人）；或源自（[[ἤρεμος]]）X=早*）。一般的說，是指早飯，有別於晚餐（[[δεῖπνον]] / [[δεῖπνος]]））。這字有如（[[ἀριστάω]]）=早飯），也可說：用飯<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（3）；太（1）；路（2）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 午餐（1） 路14:12；<br />2） 飯（1） 路11:38；<br />3） 筵席（1） 太22:4 | |sngr='''原文音譯'''：¥riston 阿里士團<br />'''詞類次數'''：名詞（3）<br />'''原文字根'''：午餐<br />'''字義溯源'''：最佳的一餐，筵席，早飯，午飯；源自（[[ἄρρην]] / [[ἄρσην]]）*=男人）；或源自（[[ἤρεμος]]）X=早*）。一般的說，是指早飯，有別於晚餐（[[δεῖπνον]] / [[δεῖπνος]]））。這字有如（[[ἀριστάω]]）=早飯），也可說：用飯<br />'''出現次數'''：總共（3）；太（1）；路（2）<br />'''譯字彙編'''：<br />1） 午餐（1） 路14:12；<br />2） 飯（1） 路11:38；<br />3） 筵席（1） 太22:4 | ||
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{{mantoulidis | |||
|mantxt=τό (=[[πρόγευμα]], πρωινό φαγητό). ἐνῶ [[δεῖπνον]] = [[γεῦμα]], [[δόρπος]] = βραδινό φαγητό, [[πρόγευμα]], [[ἄριστον]] = [[γεῦμα]], [[δεῖπνον]] = βραδινό φαγητό]. Ἠ λέξη [[ἄριστον]] εἶναι σύνθετη ἀπό τό: ἀρι (ἦρι) = πρωί + στον (τοῦ ἔδω-ἐδτόν-ἐστόν = [[τρώγω]]) [[ἀρι-]]εδ-τον [[ἄριστον]]. Δές γιά ἄλλα παράγωγα στό [[ἐσθίω]].<br><b>Παράγωγα:</b> [[ἀριστάω]] -ῶ, ἀριστήριον (=[[τραπεζαρία]]), [[ἀριστητής]] (=αὐτός πού τρώει [[πολύ]]), [[ἀριστητικός]], [[ἀριστίζω]] (=[[δίνω]] σέ κάποιον [[πρόγευμα]]), ἀριστοποιοῦμαι (=[[προγευματίζω]]), ἀριστοποιία, [[ἀνάριστος]] (=[[ἀπρογευμάτιστος]]), [[ἀναρίστητος]], [[ἀναριστία]], ἀναριστῶ. | |||
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{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=''[[prandium]]'', [[lunch]], [[midday meal]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.90.3/ 4.90.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.40.1/ 7.40.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%207.40.2/ 7.40.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.81.1/ 7.81.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.95.4/ 8.95.4]. | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[breakfast]]=== | |||
Afrikaans: brekfis,ontbyt,vroegstuk; Albanian: sillë, mëngjes; Arabic: إِفْطَار, فَطُور; Gulf Arabic: ريوق; Iraqi Arabic: ريّوك; North Levantine Arabic: ترويئة; Egyptian Arabic: فطار; Moroccan Arabic: فطور; Armenian: նախաճաշ; Asturian: almuerzu; Azerbaijani: səhər yeməyi; Bashkir: иртәнге аш; Basque: gosari; Belarusian: сняданак, снеданне, сняданне; Bengali: নাস্তা, নাশতা, নাশ্তা, ছোট হাজরি; Bikol Central: pamahaw; Breton: lein, dijuniñ; Bulgarian: закуска; Burmese: နံနက်စာ; Catalan: esmorzar; Chechen: марта; Chinese Cantonese: 早飯, 早饭, 早餐; Mandarin: 早飯, 早饭, 早餐; Min Nan: 早頓, 早顿, 早起, 早起頓, 早起顿; Czech: snídaně; Dalmatian: prinz; Danish: morgenmad; Dutch: [[ontbijt]]; Elfdalian: frukuost; Esperanto: matenmanĝo; Estonian: hommikueine, hommikusöök; Faroese: morgunmatur; Finnish: aamupala, aamiainen; French: [[petit déjeuner]], [[déjeuner]]; Galician: almorzo; Gallo: déjun; Georgian: საუზმე; German: [[Frühstück]], [[Zmorgen]], [[Morgenessen]]; Greek: [[πρωινό]], [[πρόγευμα]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄριστον]], [[ἀκράτισμα]]; Greenlandic: ullaakkorsiutit; Gujarati: નાસ્તો; Haitian Creole: dejene; Hawaiian: ʻaina kakahiaka; Hebrew: ארוחת בוקר / אֲרוּחָת בֹּקֶר; Hindi: नाश्ता, कलेवा; Hungarian: reggeli, früstök; Icelandic: morgunmatur, morgunverður, árbítur; Ido: fru-dejuneto, dejuneto; Indonesian: sarapan; Interlingua: jentaculo; Irish: bricfeasta, céadphroinn, béile maidine, cuid na maidine; Italian: [[colazione]], [[prima colazione]]; Ivatan: riagen; Japanese: 朝食, 朝御飯, 朝飯; Jingpho: jahpawt shat, jahpot shat; Kannada: ನಾಷ್ಟಾ; Kapampangan: abakan; Kazakh: таңертеңгі ас; Khmer: អាហារពេលព្រឹក, បាយពេលព្រឹក, បាយព្រឹក, បាតរាស; Korean: 조반(朝飯), 아침 식사, 조식(朝食), 조식(早食); Kurdish Central Kurdish: بەرچای; Northern Kurdish: taşt, taştê; Kyrgyz: эртең мененки тамак, эртем; Lao: ເຂົ້າເຊົ້າ, ອາຫານເຊົ້າ; Latgalian: reitiškys; Latin: [[prandium]], [[ientaculum]]; Latvian: brokastis; Lhao Vo: ne, xe Lithuanian: pusryčiai; Luxembourgish: Kaffi; Lü: ᦃᧁᧉᦋᧁᧉ; Macedonian: појадок, доручек; Malagasy: sakafo maraina; Malay: sarapan; Malayalam: പ്രഭാത ഭക്ഷണം, പ്രാതൽ; Maltese: kolazzjon, brejkfast, fatra; Maori: parakuihi; Mauritian Creole: nasta; Mirandese: almuorço; Miyako: アサムヌ; Mongolian Cyrillic: өглөөний цай, өглөөний хоол, фру̀штик; Mòcheno: schelver; Navajo: abínígo daʼadánígíí; Norman: déjunaïr, dêjeuner; Northern Sami: iđitbiebmu, iđitborramuš; Norwegian Bokmål: frokost; Nynorsk: frukost; Occitan: dejunar; Ojibwe: gigizhebaa-wiisiniwin; Old English: morgenmete, underngereord, undernmete; Osage: kaasį́exci wanǫ́bre; Pali: pātarāsa; Pashto: سهارنۍ, ټپن; Persian: صبحانه, ناشتا, چاشت; Polish: śniadanie; Portuguese: [[café da manhã]], [[pequeno-almoço]], [[desjejum]], [[mata-bicho]]; Rajasthani: नास्तौ, कलेवौ; Romanian: mic dejun; Romansch: ensolver; Russian: [[завтрак]]; Rusyn: фрыштик; Sanskrit: प्रातराश, कल्यवर्त; Scots: disjune, brakfast; Scottish Gaelic: bracaist; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: до̀ручак; Roman: dòručak, frùštik; Shan: ၶဝ်ႈၼႂ်; Slovak: raňajky, frištuk, frištik, fruštik; Slovene: zajtrk; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: snědanje; Upper Sorbian: snědanje; Sotho: dijo tsa hoseng, mofihlolo; Spanish: [[desayuno]]; Swahili: chakula cha asubuhi; Swedish: frukost; Tagalog: almusál, agahan; Tajik: ношто, ношито, чошт; Tamil: காலையுண்டி; Telugu: ప్రాతఃకాల; Thai: ข้าวเช้า, อาหารเช้า; Tibetan: ཚལ་མ; Turkish: kahvaltı; Turkmen: ertirlik; Tuvan: эртенги чем; Ukrainian: сніданок; Urdu: ناشتا, کلیوا, ناشته, ـﮩـاری; Uyghur: ناشتا; Uzbek: nonushta; Vietnamese: bữa sáng; Vilamovian: mügjaasa; Walloon: didjuner; Welsh: brecwast, borefwyd; West Frisian: moarnsiten, brea-iten; Westrobothnian: móraväl; White Hmong: pluag tshais; Yakut: сарсыардааҥы аһылык; Yiddish: פֿרישטיק; Yonaguni: 努むってぃぬいー; Zazaki: ara | |||
===[[lunch]]=== | |||
Afrikaans: middagete; Albanian: drekë, sillë; Arabic: غَدَاء; Hijazi Arabic: غدا; Armenian: լանչ, ճաշ; Aromanian: prãndzu; Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܟܵܘܸܬܪܵܐ; Asturian: comida; Azerbaijani: günorta yeməyi, nahar, abed; Baluchi: چاشت; Basque: bazkari; Belarusian: абед, ланч; Bengali: লাঞ্চ; Bikol Central: pangudto; Breton: merenn; Bulgarian: обед, обяд, лънч; Burmese: နေ့လယ်စာ; Catalan: dinar; Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵎⵎⵏⵙⵓ, ⵉⵎⴽⵍⵉ; Chickasaw: tabookoli; Chinese Cantonese: 晏晝, 晏昼; Mandarin: 午飯, 午饭, 午餐; Czech: oběd; Danish: middagsmad, frokost; Dutch: [[lunch]], [[middageten]], [[middagmaal]]; Esperanto: meztagmanĝaĵo, tagmanĝo, lunĉo; Estonian: lõuna; Finnish: lounas; French: [[déjeuner]], [[dîner]], [[lunch]]; Friulian: gustà; Galician: xantar; Georgian: ლანჩი, მეორე საუზმე; German: [[Mittagessen]], [[Lunch]]; Gothic: 𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍄𐍃; Greek: [[γεύμα]], [[μεσημεριανό]]; Ancient Greek: [[δεῖπνον]], [[ἄριστον]]; Hawaiian: ʻaina awakea; Hebrew: אֲרוּחַת צָהֳרַיִם / ארוחת צהריים; Hindi: लंच, दोपहर का खाना, नहार; Hungarian: ebéd; Icelandic: hádegismatur, hádegisverður; Ido: dejuno, dejuneto; Indonesian: makan siang; Ingush: марта; Interlingua: prandio; Inupiaq: aiḷiłiq, qitiqquutaq; Irish: lón; Italian: [[pranzo]], [[seconda colazione]]; Japanese: 昼食, 昼ご飯, 昼飯, 昼餉, ランチ; Kabuverdianu: almosu, almose; Kazakh: қонақасы, түскі ас, түскі тамақ, түстік, түскілік; Khmer: អាហារថ្ងៃត្រង់, បាយថ្ងៃត្រង់; Korean: 점심(點心), 중식(中食); Kurdish Central Kurdish: نانی نیوەڕۆ; Northern Kurdish: firavîn; Kyrgyz: түштөм, обед; Ladin: marënda; Lao: ອາຫານທ່ຽງ; Latgalian: dīniškys; Latin: [[prandium]]; Latvian: pusdienas; Lithuanian: pietūs; Macedonian: ручек; Malay: makan tengahari; Maltese: ikla; Maori: tina; Mazanderani: چاشت; Middle English: dyner; Mirandese: almuorço; Mongolian Cyrillic: ленч, хөнгөн зууш; Mongolian: ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ; ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠰᠢ; Mòcheno: vormes; Navajo: yistʼéí; Norman: dénaïr; Northern Sami: lunša, gaskabiebmu; Norwegian Bokmål: lunsj; Nynorsk: lunsj; Old Church Slavonic Cyrillic: обѣдъ; Oromo: laaqana; Pashto: غرمنۍ; Pennsylvania German: Essschtick; Persian: ناهار; Plautdietsch: Meddach; Polish: obiad, lunch; Portuguese: [[almoço]]; Romanian: prânz; Romansch: gentar; Russian: [[обед]], [[второй завтрак]], [[ланч]], [[ленч]]; Sanskrit: मध्याह्नभोजन; Scottish Gaelic: diathad; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: ручак, обед; Roman: rúčak, obed; Sicilian: pranzu; Sindhi: مانجھاندو; Slovak: obed; Slovene: kosilo, obed, južina; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: wobjed; Upper Sorbian: wobjed; Spanish: [[almuerzo]], [[comida]], [[yanta]]; Swedish: lunch, middag; Tagalog: tanghalian; Tajik: ноҳор, хӯроки пешин, таоми пешин; Thai: อาหารกลางวัน, อาหารเที่ยง, ข้าวเที่ยง, มื้อเที่ยง, มื้อกลางวัน, ข้าวกลางวัน, เพล; Turkish: öğle yemeği; Turkmen: günortanlyk, günortanlyk nahar; Ukrainian: обі́д, ланч; Urdu: لنچ, دوپہر کا کھانا; Uzbek: tushlik, lench, ikkinchi nonushta, obed; Venetian: disnar; Vietnamese: bữa trưa, bữa ăn trưa; Volapük: koled; Walloon: dinner, marinde; Welsh: cinio bach; Yiddish: װאַרעמעס | |||
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