περαίνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.28</span>, <span class="bibl">Philol.1</span>, etc.; poet. πειραίνω <span class="bibl">Arat.24</span>: also impf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἐπείραινε <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>8(7).25</span>: fut. περᾰνῶ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>563</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>672e</span>; Ion. -ανέω, 3sg.-εῖ, Hp.<span class="title">Hat.Puer.</span>15, <span class="bibl">Meliss.5</span>: aor. ἐπέρᾱνα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>22</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Tht.</span>207c</span>; Ion. aor. part. πειρήνας <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>48</span>:—Med., pres., <span class="bibl">Th.7.43</span>: fut. [[περᾰνοῦμαι]] (δια-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>53c</span>: aor. [[ἐπερᾱνάμην]] (δι-) <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>26</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>900b</span>:—Pass., fut. περανθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Gal.<span class="title">UP</span>4.12</span> ([[περασθήσομαι]] is corrupt in Crito ap.Stob.3.3.63): aor. ἐπεράνθην <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.2.19</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Grg.</span>501c</span>, etc.: pf. 3sg. πεπέρανται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>502e</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>273a4</span>; poet. πεπείρανται <span class="bibl">Od.12.37</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>581</span>; imper. πεπεράνθω <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>736b</span>; inf. -άνθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Grg.</span>472b</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Sens.</span>445b23</span>, -άσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Xen.</span>977b3</span> ([[si vera lectio|s. v.l.]]); part. πεπερασμένος <span class="bibl">Zeno Eleat.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prm.</span>145a</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APo.</span> 82b32</span>, al.: (πέρας):—[[bring to an end]], [[finish]], [[accomplish]], Hom. only in Pass. (v. infr.); π. ἄταν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>830</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">πρᾶγος π</b>. [[rem transigere]], <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span>22</span>; πρᾶγμα καὶ χρησμοὺς θεοῦ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 1569</span>; [[ἐλπίδα]], [[δόκησιν]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Andr.</span>1062</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Or.</span>636</span>; <b class="b3">π. τινὰ πρὸς ἔς χατον πλόον</b> [[bring]] him [[to the end of]] his voyage, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>10.28</span>; π. δίκας τινί <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">I.</span>8(7).25</span>; without [[δίκην]], [[finish the business]], <span class="bibl">D.38.24</span>; π. τὰ δέοντα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.38</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ προσταχθέν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">5.3.50</span>; ἐπέραινεν ἐφ' οἷς ἐμισθώθη <span class="bibl">D.18.149</span>; π. ὁδόν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span> 403</span>; [[πολλήν]] (sc. [[θάλασσαν]]) <span class="bibl">Arat.289</span>:—Pass., [[to be brought to an end]], [[finished]], πάντα πεπείρανται <span class="bibl">Od.12.37</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>581</span>; περαίνεται δὴ τοὔργον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>57</span>, etc.; to [[be fulfilled]], [[accomplished]], <b class="b3">χρησμός, τὰ λόγια περαίνεται</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1703</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>799</span>; ἡ συμμαχία ἐπεραίνετο <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span> 7.4.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἔργῳ π</b>. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.32</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[limit]], <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Comm.Math.</span>3</span>:— elsewhere Pass., to [[be limited]] or [[finite]], τὸ ὅλον πεπεράνθαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Ph.</span>207a16</span>; <b class="b3">πεπέρανται [ὁ οὐρανός</b>] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cael.</span>273a4</span>; especially in part. [[πεπερασμένος]], opp. <b class="b3">ἄπειρος, π. μέγεθος, χρόνος</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>266b22</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cael.</span>272a15</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in speaking, <b class="b3">π. μῦθον, λόγον</b>, [[proceed with]] a discourse, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1056</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span> 701</span>; εἰπὲ καὶ π. πάντα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>699</span>; π. ὅ τι λέγεις <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>648</span>: abs., <b class="b3">περὶ σωφροσύνης ἤδη… περανῶ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">563</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>1283</span>; πέραιν' ὥσπερ ἤρξω <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>353b</span>; <b class="b3">πέραινε· σωθείης δὲ</b>… <span class="bibl">Men.65.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[recite from beginning to end]], ἰαμβεῖον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1170</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.19.245</span>; τραγῳδίαν <span class="bibl">Antiph.1.6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">85.4</span>; νόμον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>29d</span>; [[recount]], [[relate]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>362</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IT</span>781</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> abs., [[effect one's purpose]], esp. with a neg., <b class="b3">οὐδὲν π</b>. [[come to]] no [[issue]], [[make]] no [[progress]], περαίνει δ' οὐδὲν ἡ προθυμία <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>589</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.6.86</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.8.8</span>; ἰατρευόμενοι… οὐδὲν περαίνουσι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>426a</span>; <b class="b3">ἵνα τι περαίνωμεν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">346a</span>; περαίνειν ἤδη ὥρα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.2.32</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> [[draw a conclusion]], [[infer]], <b class="b3">διὰ τοῦ ἀδυνάτου π</b>. by a reductio ad impossibile, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span> 41a23</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ περαίνων [λόγος</b>], a kind of syllogism, <span class="bibl">D.L.7.44</span>; <b class="b3">περὶ τῶν π. λ</b>., title of work by Chrysippus:—freq. in Pass., <b class="b3">τὸ ἐν πλείοσι σχήμασι… περαινόμενον</b> [[the conclusion which is drawn]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">APr.</span> 42b30</span>, etc.; [[περαίνεται]] c. acc. et inf., [[it is inferred]] that... Muson.<span class="title">Fr.</span>1p.2H., cf. Phld.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1.137 S. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> sens. obsc., <span class="bibl">Artem.1.80</span>, <span class="bibl">D.L.2.127</span>:—Pass., <span class="title">Com.Adesp.</span>14, <span class="title">AP</span>11.339, D.L.l.c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> intr., [[reach]], [[penetrate]], δι' ὤτων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>57</span>(lyr.); εἰς τὸν ἐγκέφαλον <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>492a21</span>; πρὸς [τὴν καρδίαν] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">PA</span>666a13</span>; εἰς τὸ ἔξω <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span>716b28</span>: abs., [[penetrate]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>497a10</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[come to an end]], <b class="b3">τὸ πεπερασμένον ἀεὶ πρός τι περαίνει</b> the finite always [[comes to]] some [[limit]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>203b21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Xen.</span>977b6</span>; [[end in]]... εἴς τι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>340</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Men.</span>76a</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu. <span class="title">Arat.</span>52</span>, etc.; ἡ ὁδὸς π. ἐπὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cat.Ma.</span>13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[pierce]], h.Merc.48.</span>

|lsmtext='''περαίνω:''' ποιητ. [[πειραίνω]]· μέλ. <i>περανῶ</i>, αόρ. αʹ <i>ἐπέρᾱνα</i> — Μέσ., μέλ. <i>περᾰνοῦμαι</i>, αόρ. αʹ <i>ἐπερᾱνάμην</i> — Παθ., αόρ. αʹ <i>ἐπεράνθην</i>· γʹ ενικ. παρακ. <i>πεπέραναι</i>, ποιητ. <i>πεπείρανται</i>· ([[πέρας]])·<br /><b class="num">I. 1.</b> [[φέρνω]] σε [[τέλος]], [[τελειώνω]], [[ολοκληρώνω]], [[φέρνω]] εις [[πέρας]], σε Τραγ. κ.λπ. — Παθ., [[έρχομαι]] σε ένα [[τέλος]], ολοκληρώνομαι, <i>πάντα πεπείρανται</i>, σε Ομήρ. Οδ.· πληρούμαι, εκτελούμαι, σε Ευρ. κ.λπ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> στην [[ομιλία]], [[τελειώνω]] το λόγο, [[σταματώ]] να μιλάω, σε Αισχύλ. κ.λπ.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[επαναλαμβάνω]] από την [[αρχή]] ως το [[τέλος]], σε Αριστοφ.· [[διηγούμαι]], σε Ευρ.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> απόλ., [[εκτελώ]] το σκοπό μου, [[ιδίως]] μαζί με [[άρνηση]], οὐδὲν [[περαίνω]], δεν [[φθάνω]] σε [[αποτέλεσμα]], δεν [[καταφέρνω]], δεν [[σημειώνω]] πρόοδο, σε Ευρ., Θουκ.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> αμτβ., [[διαπερνώ]], [[φτάνω]] ή [[διέρχομαι]], σε Αισχύλ., Πλάτ.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> αμτβ., [[έρχομαι]] σ' ένα [[τέλος]], [[τελειώνω]], σε Πλούτ.

|elrutext='''περαίνω:''' (fut. περᾰνῶ - ион. περανέω, aor. ἐπέρᾱνα; pass.: fut. περανθήσομαι, aor. ἐπεράνθην, pf. [[πεπέρασμαι]]; inf. pf. pass. πεπεράνθαι и πεπεράσθαι; adj. verb. περαντός)<br /><b class="num">1)</b> [[осуществлять]], [[совершать]], [[выполнять]] (ἐπίμομφον ἄταν Aesch.; [[πρᾶγμα]] καὶ χρησμοὺς θεοῦ Eur.; τὰ δέοντα Xen.; πολλὴν ὁδὸν π. Arph.): [[ἵνα]] ἔργῳ περαίνηται Xen. чтобы (это) претворилось в дело; [[ταῦτα]] πάντα πεπείρανται Hom. все это выполнено;<br /><b class="num">2)</b> [[доводить]], [[приводить]] (τινὰ πρὸς [[ἔσχατον]] πλόον Pind.; περαίνουσα ἐπὶ τὸ [[στρατόπεδον]] [[ὁδός]] Plut.);<br /><b class="num">3)</b> [[доводить до конца]], [[заканчивать]] (μῦθον Aesch.): εἰπὲ καὶ πέραινε πάντα Aesch. говори все и заканчивай, т. е. говори поскорее; πέραιν᾽ [[ὥσπερ]] ἤρξω Plat. кончай как начал;<br /><b class="num">4)</b> [[продолжать]]: πέραινε δ᾽ ὧν σ᾽ ἀνιστορῶ [[πέρι]] Eur. продолжай (о том), о чем я спрашиваю тебя;<br /><b class="num">5)</b> [[прийти]] (к какому-л. результату), добиться, достичь (οὐδὲν ἐπέραινε Plut.): οὐδὲν περανεῖ [[ὑμῖν]] Thuc. (это) не принесет вам никакой пользы; ἰατρευόμενοι οὐδὲν περαίνουσι Plat. своим лечением они ничего не достигают; οὐδὲν ἂν περαίνοιτε πυνθανόμενοι Lys. (об этом) вам ничего не удастся узнать;<br /><b class="num">6)</b> делать вывод, приходить к заключению, (умо)заключать: π. διὰ τοῦ ἀδυνάτου Arst. умозаключать через приведение к невозможному; τὸ περαινόμενον Arst. умозаключение, вывод;<br /><b class="num">7)</b> [[ограничивать]], [[определять]]: καὶ πεπερασμένον καὶ [[ἄπειρον]] Plat. как ограниченное, так и беспредельное; τὰ πεπερασμένα [[πεπερασμενάκις]] πεπεράνθαι πάντα Arst. (ясно, что) конечное, будучи взято конечное число раз, даст в итоге (также) конечное;<br /><b class="num">8)</b> [[пробивать]], [[пронзать]] (τι и τινά Anth.);<br /><b class="num">9)</b> [[проникать]] (διά τινος Aesch.; εἰς и πρός τι Arst.). - см. тж. [[πειραίνω]] 2.

|elnltext=περαίνω [πέρας] poët. imperf. ἐπείραινε; perf. med.-pass. 3 sing. πεπέρανται, poët. πεπείρανται, imperat. 3 sing. πεπεράνθω, inf. πεπεράνθαι, ptc. πεπερασμένος met acc. tot een einde brengen, volbrengen, voltooien:; πέραιν’... ἄταν voltooi het onheil Aeschl. Ch. 830; τὸ προσταχθέν wat is opgedragen Xen. Cyr. 5.3.50; πέραινέ μοι λόγον maak je verhaal af Eur. Med. 701; ook abs..; πέραιν’ ὥσπερ ἤρξω maak het af zoals je begonnen bent Plat. Prot. 353b; πέραινε σύ... ἁνυσας vertel jij snel je hele verhaal (van begin tot einde) Aristoph. Ran. 1170; iets bereiken:; περαίνει δ’ οὐδὲν ἡ προθυμία je bereidwilligheid bereikt niets Eur. Phoen. 589; ἰατρευόμενοι γὰρ οὐδὲν περαίνουσιν want met naar de dokter te gaan bereiken ze niets Plat. Resp. 426a; ποίαν περαίνων ἐλπίδα; wat hoopt hij daarmee te bereiken? Eur. Andr. 1062; ook med.: περαίνεσθαι ὧν ἕνεκα ἦλθον te bereiken waarvoor ze gekomen waren Thuc. 7.43.5. intrans. dóórdringen:. σέβας... δι’ ὤτων περαῖνον het ontzag dat door de oren heen doordrong Aeschl. Ch. 57. eindigen in, uitlopen op:. εἰς φθοράν π. op de dood uitlopen Plut. Arat. 52.3; ἀτραπόν... περαίνουσαν ἐπὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον een pad dat uitkwam bij het kamp Plut. CMa 13.2.