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τεσσαρακοντήρης: Difference between revisions
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|mltxt=-ες, Α<br />(για [[πλοίο]]) αυτός που έχει [[σαράντα]] [[κουπιά]] ή [[σαράντα]] καθίσματα κωπηλατών.<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> <span style="color: red;"><</span> [[τεσσαράκοντα]] <span style="color: red;">+</span> -[[ήρης]] (ΙΙ) (<b>πρβλ.</b> <i>πεντ</i>-[[ήρης]])]. | |mltxt=-ες, Α<br />(για [[πλοίο]]) αυτός που έχει [[σαράντα]] [[κουπιά]] ή [[σαράντα]] καθίσματα κωπηλατών.<br />[<b><span style="color: brown;">ΕΤΥΜΟΛ.</span></b> <span style="color: red;"><</span> [[τεσσαράκοντα]] <span style="color: red;">+</span> -[[ήρης]] (ΙΙ) (<b>πρβλ.</b> <i>πεντ</i>-[[ήρης]])]. | ||
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[[File:Tessarakonteres.jpg|thumb|Speculative illustration of the Tessarakonteres with catamaran hulls, as Casson suggests]] | |wketx=[[File:Tessarakonteres.jpg|thumb|Speculative illustration of the Tessarakonteres with catamaran hulls, as Casson suggests]] | ||
The Tessarakonteres (Greek: τεσσαρακοντήρης, "forty-rowed"), or simply "forty" was a very large catamaran galley reportedly built in the Hellenistic period by Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt. It was described by a number of ancient sources, including a lost work by Callixenus of Rhodes and surviving texts by Athenaeus and Plutarch. According to these descriptions, supported by modern research by Lionel Casson, the enormous size of the vessel made it impractical and it was built only as a prestige vessel, rather than an effective warship. The name "forty" refers not to the number of oars, but to the number of rowers on each column of oars that propelled it, and at the size described it would have been the largest ship constructed in antiquity, and probably the largest human-powered vessel ever built. | The Tessarakonteres (Greek: τεσσαρακοντήρης, "forty-rowed"), or simply "forty" was a very large catamaran galley reportedly built in the Hellenistic period by Ptolemy IV Philopator of Egypt. It was described by a number of ancient sources, including a lost work by Callixenus of Rhodes and surviving texts by Athenaeus and Plutarch. According to these descriptions, supported by modern research by Lionel Casson, the enormous size of the vessel made it impractical and it was built only as a prestige vessel, rather than an effective warship. The name "forty" refers not to the number of oars, but to the number of rowers on each column of oars that propelled it, and at the size described it would have been the largest ship constructed in antiquity, and probably the largest human-powered vessel ever built. | ||
As a catamaran of two "twentys" with 4,000 oarsmen, there would be 2,000 per hull and therefore 1,000 per side. The 130m length would allow ample room for the 50 vertical sections of three oars each, with each vertical section accommodating 20 rowers (hence the designation "twenty"). Thus there would be 150 oars per side. Casson has suggested that it was possible that the two internal sides were not equipped with oars and that the rowers there acted as reserve crew for those on the outer side, so the "forty" would have had either 300 or 600 oars. | As a catamaran of two "twentys" with 4,000 oarsmen, there would be 2,000 per hull and therefore 1,000 per side. The 130m length would allow ample room for the 50 vertical sections of three oars each, with each vertical section accommodating 20 rowers (hence the designation "twenty"). Thus there would be 150 oars per side. Casson has suggested that it was possible that the two internal sides were not equipped with oars and that the rowers there acted as reserve crew for those on the outer side, so the "forty" would have had either 300 or 600 oars. | ||
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==Wikipedia FR== | ==Wikipedia FR== | ||
La tessarakonteres (en grec moderne: τεσσαρακοντήρης, « quarante rameurs »), ou simplement « quarante », est une galère de très grande taille qui aurait été construite dans l'époque hellénistique par Ptolémée IV. | La tessarakonteres (en grec moderne: τεσσαρακοντήρης, « quarante rameurs »), ou simplement « quarante », est une galère de très grande taille qui aurait été construite dans l'époque hellénistique par Ptolémée IV. | ||