βαρύς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[[βαρεῖα]], [[βαρύ]], poet. gen. pl. fem. [[βαρεῶν]] dub. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>932</span> (anap.): Comp. [[βαρύτερος]], Sup. [[βαρύτατος]]:—<span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[heavy in weight]], βαρὺς [[ἀείρω|ἀείρεσθαι]] = [[slow]] to [[undertake]], [[heavy]] to [[stir]], opp. [[κοῦφος]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.150</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>152d</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cael.</span>310b25</span>, etc.: in Hom. mostly with collat. notion of [[strength]] and [[force]], χεῖρα βαρεῖαν <span class="bibl">Il.1.219</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">89</span>; ἀκμᾷ βαρύς <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).51</span>; β. τὸ σῶμα <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mac.</span>14</span>; of athletes, <span class="bibl">Philostr.<span class="title">Gym.</span>31</span>; [[ὀφρύς]] [[bushy]], ib.<span class="bibl">48</span>; but also, [[heavy with age]], [[infirmity]] or [[suffering]], νόσῳ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>235</span>; σὺν γήρᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>17</span>; ἐν γήρᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1017</span>; ὑπὸ γήρως <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>9.1</span>; ὑπὸ τῆς μέθης Plu.2.596a; [[pregnant]], PGoodsp.Cair.15.15 (iv A. D.); β. βάσις [[heavy]], [[slow]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>966</span>; τυπάδι βαρείᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>844</span>. Adv. κοῦφον [[βαρέως]] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>189d</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[heavy to bear]], [[grievous]], [[ἄτη]], [[ἔρις]], [[κακότης]], <span class="bibl">Il.2.111</span>, <span class="bibl">20.55</span>, <span class="bibl">10.72</span>; Κλῶθες <span class="bibl">Od.7.197</span>; κῆρες <span class="bibl">Il.21.548</span>; β. κὴρ τὸ μὴ πιθέσθαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>206</span> (lyr.); βαρὺ [[στενάχειν]] or βαρέα [[στενάχειν]] = [[sob]] [[heavily]], <span class="bibl">Od.8.95</span>,<span class="bibl">534</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.8.334</span>, etc.: in Trag. and Prose, [[burdensome]], [[grievous]], [[oppressive]], <b class="b3">β. ξυμφορά, τύχαι, καταλλαγαί</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>1044</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>332</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">767</span> (lyr.), etc.; [[ἡδονή]] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1204</span>; ἀγγελία β. ἢν ἐν τοῖς βαρύτατ' ἂν ἐνέγκαιμι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cri.</span>43c</span>; πόλεμος <span class="bibl">D.18.241</span>; βαρὺ κοὐχὶ δίκαιον <span class="bibl">Id.21.66</span>; [[νόσος]] [[causing disgust]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1330</span>; [[αὐδά]], [[ἠχώ]], ib.<span class="bibl">208</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>791</span>; [[unwholesome]], [[χωρίον]] <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.6.12</span>; πλησμονή <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>7.4</span>; [[indigestible]], <span class="bibl">Ath.3.115e</span>; β. νότος <span class="bibl">Paus.10.17.11</span>. Adv. [[βαρέως φέρειν τι]] = [[take a thing ill]], [[suffer]] it [[impatiently]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.19</span>; βαρέως φέρειν ἐπί τινι <span class="bibl">Plb.15.1.1</span> (but [[βαρέως φέρειν]] = [[bear with dignity]], <span class="bibl">D.S.26.3</span>); <b class="b3">βαρέως ἔχειν</b>, c. part, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Rh.Al.</span> 1424b5</span>; πρός τι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1311b9</span>; <b class="b3">τοῖς λογίοις</b> Arg.E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>: Comp. [[βαρυτέρως]] τινὶ ἐναντιωθῆναι <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">3 Ma.</span>3.1</span>; [[βαρέως]] [[ἀκούειν]] = [[hear]] [[with disgust]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2.1.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[violent]], ὀργή <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>368</span>; μῆνις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>1328</span>; ἀπέχθειαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>23a</span> (Sup.); θυμός <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.96</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[weighty]], [[grave]], ἐπιστολαί <span class="bibl"><span class="title">2 Ep.Cor.</span>10.10</span>; αἰτιώματα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>25.7</span>; τὰ βαρύτερα τοῦ νόμου <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>23.23</span>; [[ample]], βαρυτάτην [[εὐδαιμονία]]ν τοῖς ἀρχομένοις παρέξειν <span class="bibl">Hdn.2.14.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of persons, [[severe]], [[stern]], β. ἐπιτιμητής <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pr.</span>77</span>; εὔθυνος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pers.</span>828</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>546</span>; Κύπρι βαρεῖα <span class="bibl">Theoc.1.100</span>; [[wearisome]], [[troublesome]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>894</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>210c</span>, etc.; ξύνοικος <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Supp.</span>415</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>753</span>; γείτονες <span class="bibl">Plb.1.10.6</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[overbearing]], σεμνότεροι ἢ βαρύτεροι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1391a27</span> (but σεμνὸς καὶ β. <span class="bibl">Str.14.1.42</span>); ὑπερήφανοι καὶ β. Plu.2.279c; [[important]], [[powerful]], πόλις <span class="bibl">Plb.1.17.5</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> of soldiers, [[heavy-armed]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.37</span> ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]); of the [[ὁπλίτης]] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>833b</span> (Comp.); τὰ β. τῶν ὅπλων <span class="bibl">Plb.1.76.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[difficult]], ὅρκος γὰρ οὐδεὶς ἀνδρὶ φηλήτῃ β. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>933</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> of impressions on the senses, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> of sound, [[strong]], [[deep]], [[bass]], opp. to [[ὀξύς]], <span class="bibl">Od.9.257</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>208</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>332c</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1125a14</span>, etc.; βαρὺ ἀμβόασον <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 572</span> (lyr.); φθέγγονται βαρύτατον ἀνθρώπων Hp.Aër.15; <b class="b3">βαρύτατα ὑπακούειν</b>, of diseases, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Prorrh.</span>2.39</span>; πενθεῖν <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">VH</span>12.1</span>; especially of musical pitch, [[low]], opp. [[ὀξύς]], βαρυτάτη [[χορδή]] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>268e</span>; [[ἆχος]], [[φωνά]], Archyt. I, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EE</span>1235a28</span>, <span class="bibl">Aristox.<span class="title">Harm.</span>p.3</span> M.; of [[accent]], [[grave]], ἀντὶ ὀξείας τῆς μέσης συλλαβῆς βαρεῖαν ἐφθεγξάμεθα <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Cra.</span>399b</span>; ὀξείᾳ καὶ βαρείᾳ καὶ μέσῃ φωνῇ <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1403b30</span>, etc.: hence ἡ [[βαρεῖα]] (sc. [[προσῳδία]]) [[accentus gravis]], <span class="bibl">D.T.630.1</span>, etc.; β. [[τάσις]] <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>11</span>, <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>307.13</span>; β. [[τόνος]] <span class="bibl">D.T.674.13</span>, cf.<span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Pron.</span> 36.5</span>; β. [[συλλαβή]] [[unaccented]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Synt.</span>100.8</span>, al. Adv. [[βαρέως]] = [[with the accent thrown back]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Pron.</span>51.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Ath.2.53b</span>: Comp. βαρύτερον, opp. [[ὀξύτερον]] (ου) opp. [[οὗ]]), <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">SE</span>178a3</span> (but, [[on a lower note]], [[αὐλεῖν]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">GA</span> 788a22</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> of smell, [[strong]], [[offensive]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.119</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> Adv. [[βαρέως]] = [[slowly]], [[ἐπισπᾶσθαι]] <span class="bibl">Hero <span class="title">Aut.</span>26.6</span>. (guṛr-u- from guṝṛ-u-, Skt. gurús '[[heavy]]', Lat. [[gravis]] (from fem. gurəwī-), Goth. kaúrus '[[heavy]]'.)</span>