νύξ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=νυκτός, ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[night]]: either generally, [[night season]] (opp. [[day]]), or a [[night]], ν. [[ἀμβροσίη]] <span class="bibl">Il.24.363</span>; ν. [[ἄμβροτος]] <span class="bibl">Od.11.330</span>; but <b class="b3">ν. ὀλοή</b> ib.<span class="bibl">19</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.16.567</span>, cf. infr. <span class="bibl">Il. 3</span>, III; [[νυκτός]] [[by night]], as adverb, <span class="bibl">Od. 13.278</span>, etc.; οὔτε ν. οὔτ' ἐξ ἡμέρας <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>780</span>; <b class="b3">νυκτὸς ἔτι</b> [[while it was]] still [[night]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.10</span>; also τῆς νυκτός <span class="bibl">Alex.78.3</span>, <span class="bibl">148</span>; ν. τῆσδε <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Aj.</span>21</span>; [[ἄκρας νυκτός]] = [[at dead of night]], ib.<span class="bibl">285</span> (but [[ἄκρῃ νυκτί]] at [[nightfall]], <span class="bibl">Arat.775</span>, [[ἀκρόθι νυκτός]] = [[on the verge of dawn]], <span class="bibl">Id.308</span>); <b class="b3">ἀωρὶ νυκτός, τῶν νυκτῶν</b>, v. [[ἀωρί]]: in plural, τῶν νυκτῶν = [[at nights]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span>668</span>: rarely, νυκτί <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.12</span>; ν. τῇδε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>644</span>; [[νύκτα]] = [[the night long]], [[νύκτα φυλάσσειν]] = to [[watch the night through]], <span class="bibl">Il.10.312</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.466</span>: pl., νύκτας [[ἰαύειν]] <span class="bibl">Il.9.325</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.154</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">δύω νύκτας, τρεῖς νύκτας</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">388</span>, <span class="bibl">17.515</span>: in Att., ὅλην τὴν ν. <span class="bibl">Pherecr.177</span>, <span class="bibl">Amphis20.4</span>; τὴν νύχθ' ὅλην <span class="bibl">Eub.3</span>; τὰς νύκτας <span class="bibl">Diph.32.14</span>; ὅλας γε καὶ πάσας τὰς νύκτας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>4.54</span>; νύκτας τε καὶ ἦμαρ <span class="bibl">Il.5.490</span>; νύκτας τε καὶ ἡμέρας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>151a</span>; οὔτε νύκτ' οὔθ' ἡμέραν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>187</span>; τὴν νύχθ' ὅλην τήν θ' ἡμέραν <span class="bibl">Eub.53.1</span>; <b class="b3">νύκτα ἡμέραν ποιούμενος ἀπόστειλον (κατάπεμψον)</b>, i.e. [[without delay]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>314.7</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>5.514.3</span> (both iii B. C.); μέσαι νύκτες [[midnight]], Sapph.52, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>621b</span>; περὶ μ. νύκτας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>7.8.12</span>; ἐν μέσῳ νυκτῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.3.52</span>; πρωΐτερον μέσων νυκτῶν <span class="bibl">Th.8.101</span>; ἔξω μέσων ν. <span class="bibl">D.54.26</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> freq. with Preps., [[ἀνὰ νύκτα]] = [[by night]], <span class="bibl">Il.14.80</span>; [[ἀνὰ πᾶσαν νύκτα]] = [[all night through]], <span class="bibl">Paus.1.32.4</span>; διὰ νύκτα <span class="bibl">Od.19.66</span>, etc.; [[εἰς νύκτα]], [[εἰς τὴν νύκτα]], [[towards night]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyn.</span>11.4</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HG</span>4.6.7</span>; [[ἐν νυττί]] ([[ἐν νυκτί]]), opp. [[πεδ' ἀμέραν]], <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>2.14, <span class="title">SIG</span>527.40 (Dreros, iii B.C.); κατὰ νύκτα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 561</span> (lyr.); [[ὑπὸ νύκτα]] = [[towards nightfall]], <span class="bibl">Th.4.67</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ages.</span>2.19</span>; [[μετὰ νύκτας]] = [[by night]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>6.6</span>; [[μεθ' ἡμέραν καὶ διὰ νυκτός]] = [[all through the night]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>117e</span>; [[ἐκ νυκτός]] = [[after nightfall]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.2</span>, <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Is.</span> 26.9</span>, etc.; ἐκ πολλῆς ἔτι νυκτός <span class="bibl">D.H.6.67</span>; ἐκ νυκτῶν <span class="bibl">Thgn.460</span>, <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Ch.</span>287</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Rh.</span>13</span>, <span class="bibl">17</span> (both anap.); ἐκ νυκτὸς εἰς νύκτα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ax.</span>368b</span>; [[πόρρω τῶν νυκτῶν]] = [[far into the night]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span>217d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Prt.</span>310c</span>; [[ἐπὶ νυκτί]] = [[by night]], <span class="bibl">Il.8.529</span>; ἐφ' ἡμέρῃ αἱ δ' ἐπὶ νυκτί <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>102</span>; ἐν νυκτί <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Ag.</span>653</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>1.9</span>, etc.; ὀψίᾳ ἐν νυκτί <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>4(3).36</span>; ἐν ν. τῇ νῦν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span> 16</span>; νύκτεσσιν ἔν θ' ἁμέραις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.130</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in plural, [[watch]]es of the [[night]], ib.<span class="bibl">256</span>; three such, παροίχωκεν δὲ πλέων νὺξ τῶν δύο μοιράων, τριτάτη δ' ἔτι μοῖρα λέλειπται <span class="bibl">Il.10.252</span>; <b class="b3">τρίχα νυκτὸς ἔην</b>, for <b class="b3">τρίτον μέρος τῆς νυκτὸς ἦν</b>, it was the [[third]] [[watch]], i. e. [[next]] [[before]] [[morning]], <span class="bibl">Od.12.312</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> metaph. of [[darkness]], νυκτὶ καλύψαι <span class="bibl">Il.5.23</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od. 20.351</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> metaph. of death, ἀμφὶ δὲ ὄσσε κελαινὴ ν. ἐκάλυψε <span class="bibl">Il.5.310</span>, al.; ν. Ἅιδης τε <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>660</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in Comparisons, of anything [[dark]] and [[direful]], [[νυκτὶ ἐοικώς]] = [[like night]], of [[Apollo]] in his [[wrath]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.47</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12.463</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.606</span>; <b class="b3">τάδε νυκτὶ ἐΐσκει</b> what is here he [[liken]]s to [[night]], <span class="bibl">20.362</span>; <b class="b3">ὀλεθρία νύξ</b>, of a [[great]] [[calamity]], <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 1684</span>(lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[Νύξ]] as pr. n., [[Nyx]], the [[goddess of Night]], <span class="bibl">Il.14.259</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>17</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>123</span>,<span class="bibl">211</span>; N. [[ὀλοή]] ib.<span class="bibl">224</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> the [[night-quarter of heaven]] or [[evening-quarter of heaven]], the [[West]], <b class="b3">πρὸς νυκτός</b> ib.<span class="bibl">275</span>. (Cf. Lat. [[nox]], Lith. naktis, Goth. nahts, etc.)</span>