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αἴτιος: Difference between revisions
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|Beta Code=ai)/tios | |Beta Code=ai)/tios | ||
|Definition= | |Definition=[[αἰτία]], αἴτιον, more rarely ος, ον Ar.''Pl.''547: (v. [[αἰτία]]):—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[culpable]], [[responsible]], ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν Il.1.153, cf. B.10.34, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.214: Comp. αἰτιώτερος Th.4.20: Sup., <b class="b3">τοὺς αἰτιωτάτους</b> [[the most guilty]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.50; αἰ. τινος Id.3.52.<br><span class="bld">2</span> Subst., [[αἴτιος]], ὁ, [[the accused]], [[the culprit]], A.''Ch.''70, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ αἴ. τοῦ πατρός</b> [[they who have sinned against]] my father, ib.273:—c. gen. rei, <b class="b3">οἱ αἴ. τοῦ φόνου</b> ib.117, cf. S.''Ph.''590, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.200.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[responsible for]], c. gen. rei, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.1, etc.; <b class="b3">αἴτιός τινός τινι</b> being [[the cause of]] a thing [[to]] a person, Lys.13.57, cf. D.23.54, Isoc.8.100: c. inf., αἴ. τὸν ἠέρα ξηρὸν εἶναι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.26; τοῦ μὴ φαλακροῦσθαι Id.3.12, etc.; αἴ. θανεῖν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Antigone|Ant.]]''1173; αἰ. πεμφθῆναι ἄγγελον Antipho 5.23, cf. Lys.13.82; αἴτιος τὸ σὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι Pl.''La.''190e: Comp., τοῦ… ἐλευθέραν εἶναι… αἰτιώτερον D.24.5, cf. 51.21: Sup. <b class="b3">αἰτιώτατος, ἐν τῷ στενῷ ναυμαχῆσαι</b> [[mainly instrumental in causing]] the sea-fight, Th.1.74; αἰ. τοῦ μὴ ἀποθανεῖν D.20.42; αἰτιώτατόν τι καὶ τελέως δραστικόν Phld.''D.''1.23.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[αἴτιον]], τό, [[cause]], Hp.''VM''6 (pl.), 21, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.125, E.''IA''939, Th.4.26, etc.; <b class="b3">τί ποτ' οὖν ἐστι τὸ αἴτιον τό… μηδένα εἰπεῖν</b>; D.8.56; freq. in Philos., τὸ δ' αἴ. τούτου εἶναι ὅτι… [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 11oe, etc. | ||
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{{DGE | {{DGE | ||
|dgtxt= | |dgtxt=[[αἰτία]], αἴτιον<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [-ος, -ον Ar.<i>Pl</i>.547]<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>en cont. desfavorables [[responsable]], [[culpable]] ἐπεὶ οὔ τί μοι αἴτιοί εἰσιν <i>Il</i>.1.153, οὐδέ τοι ἡμεῖς αἴτιοι (de la muerte de Patroclo) ἀλλὰ θεός τε μέγας καὶ Μοῖρα <i>Il</i>.19.410, cf. 86, οὔ ... ἀοιδοὶ αἴ. (de las desgracias que cantan) [[ἀλλά]] ποθι Ζεύς <i>Od</i>.1.348, θεός B.11.34, τοὺς μὲν αἰτίους σήμαινε Archil.117.1, cf. Hdt.7.214<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. obj. [[αἴτιος]] ἔπλετο πάντων <i>Od</i>.22.48, ὀργῆς ματαίας εἰσὶν αἴτιοι λόγοι A.<i>Fr</i>.472, τῆς διαφορᾶς Hdt.1.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. obj. y dat. de pers. [[αἴτιος]] ἐκείνῳ ἐστὶ τοῦ θανάτου Lys.13.57, ἑαυτῷ τοῦ πάθους αἴτιον ἡγήσατο D.23.54, πολλῶν δὲ χρήματ' αἴτι' ἀνθρώποις κακῶν E.<i>Fr</i>.632, cf. Plb.9.37.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. inf. οἱ ζῶντες αἴ. θανεῖν S.<i>Ant</i>.1173<br /><b class="num">•</b>subst. ὁ [[αἴτιος]] [[el culpable]] c. gen. obj. οἱ αἴ. τοῦ πατρός los culpables de la muerte de mi padre</i> A.<i>Ch</i>.273, cf. 68, Plb.3.21.7, τοῦ φόνου A.<i>Ch</i>.117, cf. S.<i>Ph</i>.590, Hdt.4.200, <i>PLugd.Bat</i>.22.10.13 (II a.C.).<br /><b class="num">2</b> en cont. favorables [[responsable]], [[causante]] c. gen. τοῦ μὴ φαλακροῦσθαι Hdt.3.12, σωτηρίας Plb.1.43.2, de los dioses αἴτιοι πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[86] 29, πάντων τῶν ἀγαθῶν <i>SIG</i> 611.25 (Delfos II a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. obj. y dat. de pers. τῶν ἀγαθῶν ὢν ὁ θεὸς αὐτοῖς [[αἴτιος]] Pl.<i>Smp</i>.194e, μεγίστων ἀγαθῶν αἰτίαν γενέσθαι πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]1.27, πολλοῖς ... ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ γέγονεν [[αἴτιος]] τῆς σωτηρίας <i>SIG</i> 485.69 (Eleusis III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. inf. αἴ. πεμφθῆναι ἄγγελον Antipho 5.23, αἴ. ... τὸ σὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι Pl.<i>La</i>.190e, cf. <i>IG</i> 2<sup>2</sup>.682.36 (III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. ὀρθῶς κείμενοι νόμοι αἴτιοι Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1262<sup>b</sup>5<br /><b class="num">•</b>para expresar la [[causa]] o [[razón]] científica αἴ. τὸν ἠέρα ξηρὸν εἶναι Hdt.2.26, τοῦ μὴ γίγνεσθαι πολλοὺς ... [[αἴτιος]] ἡ ... κίνησις Arist.<i>Mete</i>.345<sup>a</sup>6, (τὸ πνεῦμα) αἴτιον ὄντα τοῦ ψυχικοῦ τοῖς ζῴοις [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]1.12.<br /><b class="num">II</b> subst. τὸ αἴ.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[la causa]], [[la razón]] τὸ δ' αἴτιον οὐτ Sapph.67(a).6, cf. Hp.<i>VM</i> 6, 21, Hdt.7.125, E.<i>IA</i> 939, D.8.56, Philostr.<i>VA</i> 2.29<br /><b class="num">•</b>en sent. cien. esp. como pred. nom. más gen. [[(la) causa de]] τούτου δὲ αἴτιόν ἐστι τοῦ σώματος ἡ [[ἔντασις]] Hp.<i>Aër</i>.4, Pl.<i>Phd</i>.110e<br /><b class="num">•</b>fil. [[causa]] τὸ ποιοῦν δέ γ' ἐστὶν οὐκ ἄλλο τι ἢ αἴ. lo que produce no es otra cosa que la causa</i> Pl.<i>Hp.Ma</i>.296e, cf. <i>Grg</i>.520e, <i>Prt</i>.352d, Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.982<sup>b</sup>2, τῆς μονῆς, τοῦ μένειν Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[24] 43.16, 44.6, κινήσεως Ptol.<i>Iudic</i>.11.12, cf. Epicur.[3] 99.1<br /><b class="num">•</b>en Arist. identificado con las ἀρχαί Arist.<i>Metaph</i>.1013<sup>a</sup>17, cf. 994<sup>a</sup>1, <i>Ph</i>.195<sup>a</sup>27-28, 257<sup>a</sup>30-31<br /><b class="num">•</b>distinct de σημεῖα, συμπτώματα Arist.<i>Diu.Som</i>.462<sup>b</sup>27, τὰ αἴτια γνωρίσωμεν τὰ πρῶτα Arist.<i>Ph</i>.185<sup>a</sup>13, cf. 195<sup>b</sup>22<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[principio causal]], [[principio]], [[motivo]] κατὰ δὲ τὸ ἴδιον χώρας καὶ ὅσων [[δήποτε]] αἰτίων οὐ πᾶσι συνέπεται τὸ αὐτὸ δίκαιον εἶναι (el derecho representa el bien común) pero en cuanto se refiere a la particularidad de una región y de motivos diferentes no conviene a todos el mismo derecho</i> Epicur.[5] 36.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>entre los estoicos [[lo causante]] identif. c. la divinidad y otros principios, Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.2.120, cf. 2.119.<br /><b class="num">2</b> τὰ Αἴτια [[Las Causas]], [[Los Orígenes]] o [[Los Principios]] poemas etiológicos, explicaciones de mitos, obra de Calímaco, A.R.<i>Fr</i>.13.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Cf. [[αἰτέω]], [[αἴνυμαι]]. | ||
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{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=α, <i>poét.</i> ος, ον :<br /><b>1</b> qui est la cause, l'auteur, le responsable | |btext=α, <i>poét.</i> ος, ον :<br /><b>1</b> [[qui est la cause]], [[l'auteur]], [[le responsable de]] : τινος de qch ; τινός τινι ISOCR de qch pour qqn ; [[αἴτιος]] [[θανεῖν]] SOPH qui est cause que qqn est mort ; <i>subst.</i> τὸ αἴτιον la cause;<br /><b>2</b> [[coupable]], [[accusé]] : τινος coupable <i>ou</i> accusé de qch ; τοῦ πατρὸς αἴτιοι ESCHL coupables au sujet de leur père, responsables du meurtre de leur père ; <i>subst.</i> ὁ [[αἴτιος]] l'accusé;<br />[[NT]]: qui est la [[cause]] de toute chose, auteur ; origine, [[source]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' DELG [[αἴνυμαι]]. | ||
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|ptext=2 End. Ar. <i>Plut</i>. 547; <i>wer [[Ursache]] von etwas ist, [[Schuld]] an etwas hat</i>, bei Hom. oft im bösen [[Sinne]]; <i>Od</i>. 1.348 τί τ' ἄρα φθονέεις ἐρίηρον ἀοιδὸν τέρπειν ὅππῃ οἱ [[νόος]] ὄρνυται; οὔ νύ τ' ἀοιδοὶ αἴτιοι, ἀλλά ποθι [[Ζεύς|Ζεὺς]] [[αἴτιος]], ὅς τε δίδωσιν ἀνδράσιν ἀλφηστῇσιν, ὅπως ἐθέλῃσιν, ἑκάστῳ; – mit gen. 22.48 κεῖται ὃς [[αἴτιος]] [[ἔπλετο]] πάντων; – mit dat. der [[Person]] 2.87 σοὶ δ' οὔ τι μνηστῆρες Ἀχαιῶν αἴτιοί εἰσιν, vgl. 8.311, <i>Il</i>. 1.153, 3.164; [[ἄλλος]] δ' οὔ τις [[μοι]] τόσον [[αἴτιος]] Οὐρανιώνων, ἀλλὰ [[φίλη]] [[μήτηρ]] <i>Il</i>. 21.275; οὐ μέν τοι ἐγὼ τόσον αἴτιός εἰμι ὅσσον οἱ ἄλλοι πάντες 370; – τίνος οὐ σύ [[μοι]] [[τῶνδε]] [[αἴτιος]] Her. 1.45, 76; Xen. <i>An</i>. 6.6.15; τοῦ πατρὸς αἴτιοι, die [[Mörder]] des Vaters, Aesch. <i>Ch</i>. 271. Ganz [[allgemein]] auch im [[guten]] [[Sinne]] Pind. <i>P</i>. 5.25 θεὸν παντὶ [[αἴτιον]] ὑπερτιθέμεν, Gott als den <i>[[Urheber]]</i> von Allem [[ansehen]]; πάντων [[αἴτιος]] καὶ τῶν κακῶν καὶ τῶν ἀγαθῶν. Ar. <i>Plut</i>. 182; τοῦτο τὸ ἀγαθὸν [[αἴτιον]] ἐλευθερίας Plat. <i>Gorg</i>. 452d. Häufig bei Plat. dat. der [[Person]]: [[τούτου]] [[ὑμῖν]] αἴτιός ἐστι Γοργίας Plat. <i>Men</i>. 70b; Soph. οὐ σύ [[μοι]] τούτων [[αἰτία]] <i>El</i>. 295; vgl. Ar. <i>Ach</i>. 616. Mit folgendem ὅτι Plat. <i>Gorg</i>. 520b und [[öfter]]; mit dem bloßen inf. Soph. <i>Ant</i>. 1173 οἱ ζῶντες αἴτιοι [[θανεῖν]]; vgl. Her. 2.20, 26; Xen. 7.5.17; [[häufiger]] τοῦ mit inf., Her. 3.12 und Attiker; ὁ [[αἴτιος]], <i>der [[Schuldige]]</i>, Aesch. <i>Ch</i>. 66. Kompar. οἴει τι [[ἄλλο]] αἰτιώτερον [[εἶναι]], meinst du, daß etwas mehr der [[Grund]] sei, Xen. <i>Mem</i>. 1.6.8; αἰτιώτατος ἐγένετο, er war die Hauptveranlassung, Thuc. 1.74; Lys. 12.65. | |||
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{{elru | {{elru | ||
|elrutext='''αἴτιος:''' <b class="num">II</b> ὁ виновник, преступник: τοῦ πατρὸς οἱ αἴτιοι Aesch. убийцы отца.<br />3, редко 2 являющийся причиной, виновный (τινος Hom., Her.): αἴ. τινί τινος Lys., Isocr., виновный перед кем-л. в чем-л.; αἴ. [[θανεῖν]] Soph. повинный в (чьей-л.) смерти; οὐ σὑ μοι [[τοῦδε]] τοῦ κακοῦ αἴ. Her. не ты виновник этого моего несчастья; τινὰ παντὶ [[αἴτιον]] ὑπερτιθέμεν Pind. считать кого-л. первопричиной всего; αἰτ ώτατος ἐ γένετο Thuc., Lys.: он оказался главным виновником. | |elrutext='''αἴτιος:''' <b class="num">II</b> ὁ [[виновник]], [[преступник]]: τοῦ πατρὸς οἱ αἴτιοι Aesch. убийцы отца.<br />3, [[редко]] 2 являющийся причиной, [[виновный]] (τινος Hom., Her.): αἴ. τινί τινος Lys., Isocr., виновный перед кем-л. в чем-л.; αἴ. [[θανεῖν]] Soph. повинный в (чьей-л.) смерти; οὐ σὑ μοι [[τοῦδε]] τοῦ κακοῦ αἴ. Her. не ты виновник этого моего несчастья; τινὰ παντὶ [[αἴτιον]] ὑπερτιθέμεν Pind. считать кого-л. первопричиной всего; αἰτ ώτατος ἐ γένετο Thuc., Lys.: он оказался главным виновником. | ||
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{{ls | {{ls | ||
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{{Thayer | {{Thayer | ||
|txtha=, [[that]] in [[which]] the [[cause]] of [[anything]] resides, causative, causing. Hence,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> ὁ [[αἴτιος]] the [[author]]: σωτηρίας, [[αἴτιος]] τῆς ἀπωλείας in [[Bel]] and the Dragon, [[verse]] | |txtha=, [[that]] in [[which]] the [[cause]] of [[anything]] resides, causative, causing. Hence,<br /><b class="num">1.</b> ὁ [[αἴτιος]] the [[author]]: σωτηρίας, [[αἴτιος]] τῆς ἀπωλείας in [[Bel]] and the Dragon, [[verse]] τῶν κακῶν, Lucian, Tim. 36, Lipsius edition; τῶν ἀγαθῶν, Isocr. ad Philippians 49, p. 106a.; cf. Bleek on Heb. vol. 2:2, p. 94f.).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> τό [[αἴτιον]] equivalent to ἡ [[αἰτία]]; [[cause]]: Buttmann, 400 (342) n.).<br /><b class="num">b.</b> [[crime]], [[offence]]: [[αἴτιος]] [[culprit]].) (See [[αἰτία]], 3.) | ||
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{{grml | {{grml | ||
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{{etym | {{etym | ||
|etymtx=-α, -ον<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[guilty]], [[responsible]] (Il.)<br />Derivatives: [[αἰτία]] | |etymtx=-α, -ον<br />Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[guilty]], [[responsible]] (Il.)<br />Derivatives: [[αἰτία]] [[responsibility]], [[guilt]], [[cause; accusation]] (or direct from <b class="b3">*αἶτος</b>, s. below); denominative [[αἰτιάομαι]] [[accuse]], [[charge]].<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements].<br />Etymology: [[αἴτιος]], [[αἰτία]] and [[αἰτέω]] will have been derived from <b class="b3">*αἶτος</b> [[share]] (s. [[αἴνυμαι]], [[αἰτέω]]), which is semantically also understandable; cf. Av. <b class="b2">aēta-</b> [[punishment]]. - On retained <b class="b3">-τι-</b> s. Schwyzer 270. | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
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|woodrun=[[accessory]], [[cause of]], [[causing a result]], [[guilty of]], [[one who causes]], [[productive of]], [[responsible for]], [[the cause of]] | |woodrun=[[accessory]], [[cause of]], [[causing a result]], [[guilty of]], [[one who causes]], [[productive of]], [[responsible for]], [[the cause of]] | ||
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{{ | {{lxth | ||
| | |lthtxt=''[[is qui rei alicuius auctor vel causa est]]'', [[the one who is originator or cause of something]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.69.1/ 1.69.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.99.3/ 1.99.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.21.3/ 2.21.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.27.1/ 2.27.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.22.1/ 3.22.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.35.1/ 3.35.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.38.4/ 3.38.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.55.1/ 3.55.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.82.1/ 4.82.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.130.7/ 4.130.7]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.46.4/ 5.46.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.56.2/ 7.56.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.23.6/ 8.23.6]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.83.3/ 8.83.3],<br>COMP. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.20.2/ 4.20.2],<br>SUP. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.74.1/ 1.74.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.50.1/ 3.50.1],<br>''[[is in quo est culpa]], [[accusandus]], [[sons]]'', [[the one who is to blame]], [[the accused]], [[guilty]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.36.4/ 3.36.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.55.4/ 3.55.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.56.4/ 8.56.4], [τό <i>om. Vat.</i> <i>omit Vatican manuscript</i>]<br>SUP. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.75.1/ 3.75.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.60.2/ 6.60.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.73.6/ 8.73.6],<br>''[[causa]]'', [[reason]], [[cause]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.11.1/ 1.11.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.65.8/ 2.65.8], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.82.8/ 3.82.8], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.89.5/ 3.89.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.93.2/ 3.93.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.26.5/ 4.26.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.9.3/ 8.9.3]. | ||
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{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[blameworthy]]=== | |||
Arabic: مَلُوم; Catalan: culpable; Dutch: [[afkeurenswaardig]]; Finnish: moitittava; French: [[blâmable]]; German: [[verdammenswert]]; Greek: [[αξιοκατάκριτος]], [[αξιοκατηγόρητος]], [[αξιόμεμπτος]], [[επιλήψιμος]], [[επίμεμπτος]], [[επίμομφος]], [[επίμωμος]], [[επίψογος]], [[κατακριτέος]], [[μεμπτός]], [[ψεκτός]]; Ancient Greek: [[αἴτιος]], [[ἐπαίτιος]], [[ἐπίμομφος]], [[ἐπιμωμητός]], [[ἐπίμωμος]], [[ἐπίψογος]], [[ἐπονείδιστος]], [[εὐκατάγνωστος]], [[μεμπτός]], [[μωμηλός]], [[μωμητός]], [[ὑπαίτιος]], [[ψεκτός]], [[ψόγειος]], [[ψογερός]]; Ido: blaminda; Italian: [[biasimabile]], [[deprecabile]], [[vituperabile]]; Korean: 책임이 있는; Latin: [[accusabilis]], [[reprehensibilis]], [[vituperabilis]]; Middle English: blame worthy; Portuguese: [[culpável]]; Romanian: condamnabil, de condamnat; Spanish: [[culpable]], [[reprensible]], [[reprehensible]]; Swedish: klandervärd | |||
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