acuo: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>ăcŭo</b>: ui, ūtum, 3, v. a. (<br /><b>I</b> [[part]]. fut. acuturus, not used) [cf. 2. [[acer]], to [[make]] [[sharp]] or [[pointed]], to [[sharpen]], [[whet]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: ne stridorem [[quidem]] serrae audiunt, cum acuitur, Cic. Tusc. 1, 40; so, [[ferrum]], Verg. A. 8, 386; Hor. C. 1, 2, 21: enses, Ov. M. 15, 776: [[gladium]], Vulg. Deut. 32, 41: sagittas, id. Jer. 51, 11.—Poet.: [[fulmen]], Lucr. 6, 278: dentes, Hor. C. 3, 20, 10; cf. Tib. 4, 3, 3.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> First, of the [[tongue]], qs. to [[whet]], i. e. to [[sharpen]], [[exercise]], [[improve]]: acuere linguam exercitatione dicendi, Cic. Brut. 97: linguam causis, Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 23; so Vulg. Psa. 139, 4; so in gen.: se, to [[exercise]] one's [[self]], to [[make]] one's [[self]] [[ready]]: acueram me ad exagitandam hanc ejus legationem, Cic. Att. 2, 7: mentem, [[ingenium]], prudentiam, etc.; to [[sharpen]]: [[multa]], quae acuant mentem, [[multa]] quae obtundant, Cic. Tusc. 1, 33; so id. Brut. 33; id. Phil. 2, 17; id. de Or. 1, 20.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Acuere aliquem ([[with]] or [[without]] ad aliquid), to [[spur]] on, [[incite]], [[stir]] up, [[arouse]]: ad crudelitatem, Cic. Lig. 4; id. Fam. 15, 21: illos sat [[aetas]] acuet, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 49; Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 110: ita duae res, quae languorem afferunt ceteris, illum acuebant, [[otium]] et [[solitudo]], id. Off. 3, 1; Liv. 28, 19: [[curis]] acuens mortalia [[corda]], Verg. G. 1, 123: auditisque lupos acuunt balatibus agni, id. ib. 4, 435: [[quam]] [[Juno]] his acuit verbis, id. A. 7, 330.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Aliquid, to [[rouse]] up, [[kindle]], [[excite]] ([[mostly]] [[poet]].): [[saevus]] in armis [[Aeneas]] acuit Martem et se suscitat irā, Verg. A. 12, 108: iram, Vulg. Sap. 5, 21: studia, Val. Max. 2, 2, no. 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> In gramm.: acuere syllabam, to [[give]] an [[acute]] [[accent]] to (opp. gravem ponere), Quint. 1, 5, 22; cf. Prisc. Op. Min. 159 Lind.: [[accentus]] [[acutus]] [[ideo]] [[inventus]] est, [[quod]] acuat [[sive]] elevet syllabam.—Hence, ăcūtus, a, um, P.a., [[sharpened]], made [[pointed]]; [[hence]],<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit., [[sharp]], [[pointed]] ([[acer]] denotes [[natural]] [[sharpness]], etc.: [[acutus]], [[that]] produced by [[exertion]], [[skill]], etc.: [[sermo]] [[acer]], [[impassioned]], [[passionate]]; [[sermo]] [[acutus]], [[pointed]], [[acute]] [[discourse]]): vide ut [[sit]] [[acutus]] [[culter]] [[probe]], Plaut. Mil. 5, 4: [[ferrum]], Hor. A. P. 304: [[cuspis]], Verg. A. 5, 208: [[gladius]], Vulg. Psa. 56, 5: [[carex]], Verg. G. 3, 231; elementa, i. e. [[pointed]], [[jagged]] atoms (opp. to perplexa, [[connected]]), Lucr. 2, 463: [[nasus]], Plaut. Cap. 3, 4, 114: oculi, of a [[pointed]] [[shape]], id. Ps. 4, 7, 121: aures, [[pointed]], Hor. C. 2, 19, 4: saxa, id. ib. 3, 27, 61; so Verg. A. 1, 45.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> Of the senses [[themselves]], [[sharp]], [[keen]]: oculos acrīs [[atque]] cicutos, Cic. Planc. 66: [[nares]], Hor. S. 1, 3, 29; Cels. 2, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Of objects affecting the senses, [[sharp]], [[acute]]; of the [[voice]], soprano or [[treble]]: [[inde]] loci [[lituus]] [[sonitus]] effudit acutos, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll. (Ann. v. 522 ed. Vahl.): hinnitu, Verg. G. 3, 94: voces, id. Cir. 107; Ov. M. 3, 224: stridore, Hor. C. 1, 34, 15: vocem ab acutissimo [[sono]] [[usque]] ad gravissimum sonum recipiunt, from the [[highest]] [[treble]] to the lowest [[base]], Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251; cf. ib. 3, 57, 216; Somn. Scip. 5; Rep. 6, 18.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> In gen., of things affecting the [[body]], of [[either]] [[heat]] or [[cold]] from [[their]] [[similar]] [[effects]], [[keen]], [[sharp]], [[violent]], [[severe]]: sol, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 17: radii solis, Ov. H. 4, 159: gelu, Hor. C. 1, 9, 4; cf. Lucr. 1, 495; Verg. G. 1, 93; so, [[febris]], Cels. 2, 4: [[morbus]], id. 3 (opp. [[longus]]), [[rapid]].— Subst. [[with]] gen.: acuta belli, [[violent]], [[severe]] misfortunes of [[war]], Hor. C. 4, 4, 76 (= graves belli molestias).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Fig.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[intellectual]] qualities, [[acute]], [[clear]]-sighted, [[intelligent]], [[sagacious]] ([[very]] freq.): [[Antisthenes]] [[homo]] [[acutus]] [[magis]] [[quam]] [[eruditus]], Cic. Att. 12, 37; so id. de Or. 1, 51; id. N. D. 1, 16; Nep. [[Dion]]. 8, 1: [[homo]] ingenio prudentiāque acutissimus, Cic. de Or. 1, 39: acutae sententiae, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 5: [[motus]] animorum ad excogitandum acuti, id. Or. 1, 113: studia, id. Gen. 50: conclusiones, Quint. 2, 20, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gramm.: [[accentus]] [[acutus]], the [[acute]] [[accent]] (opp. [[gravis]]), Prisc. p. 159, ed. Lindem.—Comp. Plin. 13, 1, 2.—Adv.: ăcūte, [[sharply]], [[keenly]], [[acutely]]:. cernere, Lucr. 4, 804; ib. 811: conlecta, Cic. Deiot. 33: excogitat, id. Verr. 4, 147: [[respondeo]], id. Cael. 17: [[scribo]], id. Verr. 3, 20; so, ăcūtum: cernis, Hor. S. 1, 3, 26: resonarent, ib. 8, 41: and, ăcūta: [[canis]] ululat, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 9 Müll. (Ann. 346 Vahl.).—Comp., Cic. Inv. 2, 16.—Sup., Cic. Off. 1, 44; id. Verr. 3, 20.

{{Georges

|georg=acuo, acuī, acūtum, ere (v. [[Stamm]] Ac, [[wie]] [[acus]], ūs, [[acies]]), [[schärfen]], [[wetzen]], [[zuspitzen]], [[spitzen]] (Ggstz. obtundere, retundere), I) eig.: serram, Cic.: dentes, Hor.: dentes in proelia, Tibull.: gladios, Liv.: enses, Ov.: [[ferrum]], Verg.: [[tela]] (Hauer) sua attritu (v. [[Eber]]), Sen.: sagittas cote, Hor.: palos, Col. – II) übtr., a) (gramm. t.t.) [[schärfen]], syllabam, schärfer od. heller [[aussprechen]], [[betonen]], [[durch]] [[Betonung]] [[hervorheben]] (Ggstz. gravem ponere), Quint. 1, 5, 22 u. 30. – b) gleichs. [[wetzen]], [[schärfen]], [[üben]], linguam exercitatione dicendi, geläufiger [[machen]], Cic.: u. so bl. linguam, Hor.: ingenia adulescentium (Ggstz. obtundere), Cic.: mentem, prudentiam intellegendi, Cic.: illos [[aetas]] acuet, [[witzigen]], Ter.: se ad exagitandam hanc [[eius]] legationem, [[sich]] [[darauf]] [[spitzen]], Cic. – c) gleichs. zuschleifen = [[vervollkommnen]], [[neque]] [[enim]] [[ignoro]] et [[quae]] [[bona]] sint fieri meliora posse doctrinā et [[quae]] optima [[non]] [[aliquo]] [[modo]] acui [[tamen]] et corrigi posse, Cic. de or. 1, 115. – d) [[einen]] [[Zustand]] usw. gleichs. [[schärfen]], [[noch]] [[mehr]] [[anfachen]], [[entflammen]], [[steigern]], [[erhöhen]], α) v. leb. Subjj.: industriam, Cornif. rhet. : studia (Rednerstudien) M. Ciceronis, Val. Max.: [[hac]] moderatione [[tam]] [[iusta]] studia (Sympathien), Liv.: alci metum, Verg.: u. iras in [[haec]], Verg.: iram hosti ad vindicandas sociorum iniurias, Liv.: quibuscumque irritamentis poterat iras militum, Liv. – β) v. lebl. Subjj.: [[auctoritas]] maiorum erigit omnium cupiditates et acuit industriam, Cornif. rhet.: curam acuebat, [[quod]] [[adversus]] Latinos bellandum erat, es schärfte (der [[Umstand]]) die [[Vorsorge]], daß usw., Liv.: huius [[propinquitas]] populi acuit curam ([[Vorsorge]]) patribus, Liv. – e) leb. [[Wesen]] usw. [[gemütlich]], [[leidenschaftlich]] [[anspornen]], [[anregen]], [[aufregen]], [[aufmuntern]], [[anfeuern]], [[antreiben]], [[anreizen]], α) v. leb. Subjj.: Martem (= [[Tapferkeit]]), Verg.: lupos auditis balatibus, Verg.: illum, Cic., alqm his verbis, Verg.: [[simul]] ceteros ad aemulandas virtutes, Liv.: ad tutandos [[semet]] ipsos et rem publicam [[secum]] animos, Liv.: iuventutem ad dicendum, Cic. – β) [[von]] lebl. Subjj.: illos [[aemulatio]] [[inter]] se et omnes causae acuunt, Liv.: [[non]] [[praecipue]] acuit ad cupiditatem litterarum [[amor]] laudis? Cic.: [[nec]] [[alia]] [[provincia]] militem [[magis]] ad virtutem acuebat, Liv.: [[nec]] [[ira]] [[magis]] [[publica]] [[quam]] privatum [[compendium]] in hostem acuebat, Liv.

}}