circumdo: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>circum-do</b>: dĕdi, dătum, dăre, v. a., lit.<br /><b>I</b> to [[put]], [[set]], or [[place]] [[around]], i. e. [[both]] to [[wrap]] [[around]] (e. g. a [[mantle]]). and also to [[enclose]] (e. g. a [[town]] [[with]] a [[wall]]; syn.: [[cingo]], [[vestio]], [[saepio]], [[circumvallo]] al.), [[with]] a twofold [[construction]] (cf. Zumpt, Gr. § 418).<br /><b>I</b> Aliquid (alicui rei), to [[place]] [[something]] [[around]] [[something]], to [[put]], [[set]] [[around]], etc. ([[class]]. in [[prose]] and [[poetry]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With dat.: aër omnibus est rebus circumdatus appositusque, Lucr. 6, 1035: moenibus subjectos [[prope]] jam ignes circumdatosque restinximus, Cic. Cat. 3, 1, 2: circumdare fossam latam cubiculari [[lecto]], id. Tusc. 5, 20, 59: satellites armatos contioni, Liv. 34, 27, 5: [[hinc]] patre [[hinc]] Catulo lateri circumdatis, Romam rediit, i. e. one on [[each]] [[side]], id. 30, 19, 9; 3, 28, 2: milites sibi, Tac. A. 13, 25: [[arma]] umeris, Verg. A. 2, 510: licia [[tibi]], id. E. 8, 74: vincula collo, Ov. M. 1, 631: bracchia collo, id. ib. 9, 459; 9, 605; 6, 479; and in [[tmesis]]: collo [[dare]] bracchia [[circum]], Verg. A. 6, 700 (cf. the [[simplex]]: bracchia cervici [[dare]], Hor. C. 3, 9, 3): lectis aulaea [[purpura]], Curt. 9, 7, 15: cum [[maxime]] in hostiam itineri nostro circumdatam intuens, i. e. divided, and [[part]] placed on [[each]] [[side]] of the [[way]], Liv. 40, 13, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Without a dat.: caedere januam saxis, ligna et sarmenta circumdare ignemque subicere coeperunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69; 2, 1, 31, § 80: ignes, id. Pis. 38, 93: custodias, id. Cat. 4, 4, 8: armata circumdatur Romana [[legio]], Liv. 1, 28, 3: exercitu circumdato summā vi Cirtam irrumpere nititur, Sall. J. 25, 9: circumdatae stationes, Tac. A. 1, 50: [[murus]] circumdatus, Caes. B. G. 1, 38: [[turris]] toto opere circumdedit, id. ib. 7, 72: circumdato [[vallo]], Curt. 3, 2, 2: lauream (sc. capiti), Suet. Vit. 9.—Subst.: circumdăti, ōrum, m., those [[around]], the [[surrounding]] soldiers: circumdatos [[Antonius]] adloquitur, Tac. H. 3, 63.—With an abl. loci: toto [[oppido]] munitiones, Hirt. B. G. 8, 34 fin.: equites cornibus, Liv. 33, 18, 9; and [[without]] dat., Tac. A. 14, 53.—With [[two]] accs.: circumdare terram radices, [[Cato]], R. R. 114; and per tmesin, id. ib. 157.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop. ([[most]] freq. in Tac.): [[cancelli]], quos mihi [[ipse]] circumdedi, Cic. Quint. 10, 36: [[nescio]] an majora vincula majoresque necessitates [[vobis]] [[quam]] captivis vestris [[fortuna]] circumdederit, Liv. 21, 43, 3: egregiam famam paci circumdedit, i. e. conferred, imparted, Tac. Agr. 20; cf.: [[principatus]] inanem ei famam, id. H. 4, 11; id. Or. 37: principi ministeria, id. H. 2, 59; id. A. 14, 15.—In a Greek [[construction]]: [[infula]] virgineos circumdata [[comptus]], encompassing, Lucr. 1, 88; Tac. H. 4, 45; id. A. 16, 25.—<br /><b>II</b> Aliquem or aliquid (aliquā re), to [[surround]] [[some]] [[person]] or [[thing]] ([[with]] [[something]]), to [[encompass]], [[enclose]], [[encircle]] [[with]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen.: animum ([[deus]]) circumdedit corpore et vestivit [[extrinsecus]], Cic. Univ. 6 fin.; cf.: [[aether]] corpore concreto circumdatus [[undique]], Lucr. 5, 469: portum moenibus, Nep. Them. 6, 1: [[regio]] insulis circumdata, Cic. Fl. 12, 27: villam statione, Tac. A. 14, 8: suam domum spatio, id. G. 16: [[collis]] operibus, id. A. 6, 41: [[vallo]] [[castra]], id. H. 4, 57: Othonem vexillis, id. ib. 1, 36: canibus [[saltus]], Verg. E. 10, 57: circumdato me bracchiis: [[meum]] [[collum]] circumplecte, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 106: [[collum]] filo, Cat. 64, 377: ([[aurum]]) circumdatum argento, Cic. Div. 2, 65, 134: furvis circumdatus [[alis]] Somnus, * Tib. 2, 1, 89: ad talos [[stola]] demissa et circumdata [[palla]], Hor. S. 1, 2, 99: circumdedit se zonā, Suet. Vit. 16: circumdata [[corpus]] amictu, Ov. M. 4, 313; cf. id. ib. 3, 666: tempora vittis, id. ib. 13, 643: Sidoniam picto chlamydem circumdata limbo, Verg. A. 4, 137.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp. of a [[hostile]] [[surrounding]], to [[surround]], [[encompass]], [[invest]], [[besiege]], etc.: [[oppidum]] [[vallo]] et fossā, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 10: [[oppidum]] quinis castris, Caes. B. C. 3, 9: cum legati ... multitudine domum ejus circumdedissent, Nep. Hann. 12, 4: [[vallo]] [[atque]] fossā [[moenia]] circumdat, Sall. J. 23, 1: [[oppidum]] coronā, Liv. 4, 47, 5: quos (hostes) [[primo]] [[Camillus]] [[vallo]] circumdare est [[adortus]], id. 6, 8, 9: fossā valloque urbem, id. 25, 22, 8: fossā duplicique [[vallo]] circumdatā urbe, id. 28, 3, 5: hostes exercitu toto, Curt. 3, 8, 4. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop.: omni [[autem]] totam figuram mundi levitate circumdedit, Cic. Univ. 6 init.: exiguis quibusdam finibus oratoris [[munus]] circumdedisti, [[have]] confined, circumscribed, id. de Or. 1, 62, 264; cf.: [[minus]] [[octoginta]] annis circumdatum [[aevum]], Vell. 1, 17, 2: pueritiam robore, Tac. A. 12, 25: fraude, Sil. 7, 134; cf. id. 12, 477: monstrorum novitate, Quint. Decl. 18, 1.

{{Georges

|georg=[[circum]]-do, dedī, [[datum]], [[are]], [[umgeben]], I) etw. einem Ggstde. [[umgeben]], [[umlegen]], d.i. etw. um etw. [[herumlegen]], -[[stellen]], -[[setzen]], -[[wickeln u. dgl. (s. Drak. Liv. 30, 19, 8. Mützell Curt. 3, 2 [4], 2), a) übh.: α) eig.: sarmenta, [[ligna]] et sarmenta, Cic.: ignes, Cic.: [[mit]] [[zwei]] Akk., partes terrae circumdato radices [[vitis]], [[Cato]] r. r. 114, 1: tectis ac moenibus subiectos [[prope]] [[iam]] ignes circumdatosque restinximus, Cic.: umbras, [[rings]] [[umher]] [[bieten]] (v. einem Baume), Prop. – lectis [[aulaea]], Curt.: capiti [[diadema]], Curt.: laevo brachio togae laciniam, Vell.: loricam umeris, Verg.: fasciam [[iugulo]], Cels.: fasciam [[circa]] alvum, Cels.: [[cataplasma]] ventri, Cels.: u. Pass. poet. [[mit]] Acc. [[was]]? virgineos circumdata [[comptus]], Lucr. 1, 87. – u. [[arma]] umeris, Verg.: vincula collo, Ov.: (im Bilde) muros [[velut]] [[compedes]], Liv.: [[nescio]] an maiora vincula maioresque necessitates [[quam]] captivis vestris [[fortuna]] circumdederit, Liv. – brachia collo, Ov.: in der Tmesis, collo dare brachia [[circum]], Verg. – leb. [[Wesen]], c. ministeria principi, Tac.: u. im Pass. medial, [[hinc]] patre, [[hinc]] Catulo lateri circumdatis, [[indem]] der V. zur [[einen]], Katulus zur andern [[Seite]] ging, Liv. – β) übtr. (s. Dräger Tac. ann. 16, 25, 5 u. Agr. 20 in.), c. paci egregiam famam, [[verschaffen]], [[verleihen]], Tac.: supremis [[suis]] [[secretum]], Tac.: moribus corruptis libidines, [[zugesellen]], Tac.: planctum et [[lamenta]] [[sibi]] circumdata, habe [[man]] um ihn [[herum]] [[entstehen]] [[lassen]], Tac. – b) insbes., umfriedigend, umstellend, feindl. umzingelnd ([[bes]]. [[als]] milit. t. t.), [[rings]] [[erbauen]], -[[aufführen]], -[[errichten]], -[[anlegen]], -[[aufstellen]] (s. Drak. Liv. 30, 19, 8. Mützell Curt. 3, 2 [4], 2), murum, Caes. u. Col.: munitionem, Auct. b. Afr.: munitiones toto [[oppido]] ([[rings]] um die St.), Hirt. b. G.: turres toto opere ([[auf]] der ganzen [[Linie]]), Caes.: murum silvae od. nemori, Sen. u. Curt.: fossam cubiculari [[lecto]], Cic.: urbi murum [[latere]] cocto, Iustin.: u. (im Bilde) [[sibi]] cancellos, Cic. – leb. [[Wesen]], exercitum, Sall.: stationes, Tac.: equites cornibus, Liv.: satellites armatos contioni, Liv.: exercitum hostium castris, Liv.<br />'''II)''' etw. [[mit]] etw. [[umgeben]], [[umringen]], [[umstellen]], gew. m. Ang. [[womit]]? [[durch]] Abl., a) übh.: α) eig.: animum corpore, Liv.: totam arborem flammis, Phaedr. – [[caput]] lacernā, Vell.: [[fauces]] lanā, Cels.: alqd fasciā, Cels.: se zonā, Suet.: [[tempora]] vittis, Ov.: [[corpus]] amictu, Ov. – Pass., v. leb. [[Wesen]], [[ipse]] agresti duplici amiculo [[circumdatus]], Nep.: [[senex]] [[circumdatus]] (umkränzt) sertis et delibutus [[unguento]], Sen. rhet.: u. Pass. poet. m. Acc. [[woran]]? Sidoniam picto chlamydem circumdata limbo, Verg. Aen. 4, 137. – [[von]] Örtl., [[tertius]] ([[sinus]]) Cauloniam Locrosque circumdat, [[Mela]]: [[regio]] insulis circumdata, Cic.: ignotis circumdata litora silvis, Prop. – β) übtr.: totam figuram mundi c. omni levitate ([[mit]] [[einer]] [[ganz]] glatten Außenseite), Cic.: alcis pueritiam robore, Tac. – b) insbes., umfriedigend, umstellend [[oder]] feindl. umzingelnd ([[bes]]. [[als]] milit. t. t.), α) eig.: collem [[multo]] opere, Sall. fr.: portum moenibus, Nep.: [[nemus]] triplici [[muro]], Curt.: omnem aciem suam raedis et carris, Caes.: Othonem vexillis, Tac.: accepti in [[medium]] Vitelliani, et circumductos [[Primus]] [[Antonius]] [[clementer]] alloquitur, Tac. hist. 3, 63. – feindl., [[oppidum]] (urbem, [[moenia]]) [[vallo]] od. [[vallo]] et ([[atque]]) fossā od. [[vallo]] fossaque, Sall. u. Liv. (s. Korte Sall. Iug. 23, 1. Drak. Liv. 6, 8, 9. Mützell Curt. 3, 2 [4], 2): [[oppidum]] coronā, Liv.: [[oppidum]] quinis castris, Caes.: multitudine domum alcis, Nep.: villam statione, Tac.: [[saltus]] canibus, Verg. – β) übtr.: exiguis quibusdam finibus totum oratoris [[munus]], Cic.: [[eminentia]] cuiusque operis artissimis temporum claustris circumdata, Vell.: [[minus]] [[octoginta]] annis circumdatum [[aevum]], eingeschlossen, begrenzt, Vell.

}}