quis: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>quis</b>: [[quid]] (old<br /><b>I</b> nom. plur. QVES, S. C. Bacch.), pron. interrog. [Sanscr. kis, in nakis = [[nemo]]; Gr. τίς], [[who]]? [[which]]? [[what]]? [[what]] [[man]]? ([[while]] qui, quae, [[quod]], interrog. is used adject.; for exceptions, v. qui and [[infra]].—Quis is [[properly]] used [[only]] of [[more]] [[than]] [[two]]; [[uter]], [[which]] of [[two]]?<br /> v. [[infra]]).<br /><b>I</b> Masc. and fem. [[quis]]; lit.,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> As subst., in a [[direct]] [[question]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of males: [[unde]] es? cujus es? whose are [[you]]? to whom do [[you]] belong? Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 44: Da. Quis [[homo]] est? Pa. Ego [[sum]] [[Pamphilus]], [[who]] is [[there]]? Ter. And. 5, 6, 1: [[quis]] clarior in Graeciā Themistocle? [[quis]] potentior? Cic. Lael. 12, 42; id. de Or. 3, 34, 137: [[quis]] Dionem doctrinis omnibus expolivit? non [[Plato]]? id. ib. 3, 34, 139.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Quis, of females, as subst. and adj. ([[ante]]- and [[post]]-[[class]].): et [[quis]] illaec est, quae? etc., Enn. ap. Non. 198, 3 (Trag. v. 133 Vahl.): [[quis]] tu es [[mulier]], quae? etc., Pac. ap. Non. 197, 33; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 60 Müll.: [[quis]] ea est, [[quam]]? etc., [[who]] is she? Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 48: [[quis]] haec est? id. Pers. 2, 2, 18: [[quis]] illaec est [[mulier]], quae? etc., id. Ep. 4, 1, 6: sed haec [[quis]] [[mulier]] est? id. Truc. 1, 1, 76: [[quis]] nostrarum fuit, Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 23: [[quis]] haec est [[simia]]? Afran. ap. [[Charis]]. 1, p. 84.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> As adj.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Absol., [[what]]? i. e. [[what]] [[sort]] of a [[person]] or [[thing]]? [[quis]] videor? Cha. Miser [[aeque]] [[atque]] ego, in [[what]] [[state]] or [[condition]] do I [[seem]]? [[what]] do [[you]] [[think]] of me [[now]]? Ter. And. 4, 2, 19: [[quis]] ego [[sum]]? aut quae in me est [[facultas]]? Cic. Lael. 5, 17. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With nouns.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With words denoting a [[person]] ([[class]].): [[quis]] eum [[senator]] appellavit, Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 12: [[quis]] [[gracilis]] [[puer]], Hor. C. 1, 5, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen. (in Cic. [[only]] [[before]] a vowel, for qui): [[quis]] [[color]], Verg. G. 2, 178: quisve [[locus]], Liv. 5, 40: [[quod]] caedis [[initium]]? [[quis]] [[finis]]? Tac. A. 1, 48: [[quis]] esset [[tantus]] [[fructus]]? Cic. Lael. 6, 22. —<br /><b>II</b> In neutr.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In [[simple]] constr.: [[quid]] dicam de moribus facillimis, Cic. Lael. 3, 11: [[quid]] est judicium corrumpere, si hoc non est? [[what]] is bribing the [[court]], if this be not? id. Verr. 1, 10, 28: [[quid]] ais? [[quid]] [[tibi]] [[nomen]] est? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 208.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With gen. partit., [[what]]? i. e. [[what]] [[sort]] of? [[what]] [[kind]] of a? [[quid]] mulieris Uxorem habes? [[what]] [[sort]] of a [[woman]] [[have]] [[you]] for a [[wife]]? Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 21: [[quid]] [[illuc]] est hominum [[secundum]] [[litus]]? [[what]] is [[that]] [[knot]] of [[people]]? Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 60: [[quid]] caelati argenti, [[quid]] stragulae [[vestis]], [[quid]] pictarum tabularum ... [[apud]] illum putatis esse? Cic. Rosc. Am. 46, 133; cf. esp.: hoc [[enim]], [[quis]] [[homo]] [[sit]], ostendere est, non [[quid]] [[homo]] [[sit]], dicere, i. e. to [[point]] [[out]] an [[individual]], not to [[define]] a [[class]], Gell. 4, 1, 12.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp. in [[phrase]] [[quid]] [[dico]]? [[what]] do I [[say]]? in correcting or strengthening the [[speaker]]'s [[own]] [[expression]]: Romae a. d. XIIII. Kal. volumus esse. Quid [[dico]]? Volumus? Immo [[vero]] cogimur, Cic. Att. 4, 13, 1; id. Fam. 5, 15, 2; id. Mil. 28, 76; id. de Or. 2, 90, 365; id. Lig. 9, 26.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Quid? [[how]]? [[why]]? [[wherefore]]? [[quid]]? tu me hoc [[tibi]] mandasse existimas, ut? etc., Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 1: [[quid]] hoc? id. Tusc. 1, 11, 25: [[quid]]? eundem [[nonne]] destituisti? id. Phil. 2, 38, 99: eloquere, [[quid]] venisti? [[why]]? [[wherefore]]? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 221: sed [[quid]] ego [[argumentor]]? [[quid]] plura [[disputo]]? Cic. Mil. 16, 44. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In [[quid]]? [[wherefore]]? for [[what]]? Sen. Ben. 4, 13, 3. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Quid, [[with]] particles: [[quid]], [[quod]]? [[what]] shall be said to this, [[that]]? [[how]] is it [[that]]? and furthermore, [[moreover]], Cic. Sen. 23, 83; id. Off. 3, 25, 94; id. Ac. 2, 29, 95 et saep.: [[quid]] ita? [[why]] so? id. N. D. 1, 35, 99: [[quid]] ni, also in one [[word]], [[quidni]]? [[why]] not? (in rhet. questions, [[while]] [[cur]] non expects an [[answer]]); [[always]] [[with]] subj., Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 34; Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 73; Sen. Tranq. 9, 3; id. Ira, 1, 6, 1; cf. separated: [[quid]] ego ni teneam? Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 57; Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 28; and pleonastically: [[quid]] ni non, Sen. Ep. 52: [[quid]] si? [[how]] if? Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4: [[quid]] si illud addimus, Cic. Lael. 14, 50: [[quid]] tum? [[what]] [[then]]? [[how]] [[then]]? id. Tusc. 2, 11, 26; Verg. A. 4, 543; id. E. 10, 38; Hor. S. 2, 3, 230: [[quid]] [[ergo]], [[ironically]], Caes. B. G. 7, 77; Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 14: [[quid]] [[enim]], id. Fin. 2, 19, 62; Liv. 20, 9.—<br /><b>III</b> In [[indirect]] [[discourse]]: [[quis]] sim, ex eo quem ad te misi, cognosces, Sall. C. 44, 5: rogitat [[quis]] vir esset, Liv. 1, 7, 9: videbis, [[quid]] et quo [[modo]], Cic. Att. 11, 21, 1: [[quis]] quem, [[who]] ... whom? [[who]] ... the [[other]]? considera, [[quis]] quem fraudasse dicatur, [[who]] is said to [[have]] defrauded whom? id. Rosc. Com. 7, 21: quos [[autem]] numeros cum quibus misceri oporteat, [[nunc]] dicendum est, [[what]] ... [[with]] [[what]]? id. Or. 58, 196: notatum in sermone, [[quid]] quo [[modo]] caderet, Quint. 1, 6, 16. — Quid [[with]] gen.: exponam [[vobis]] [[breviter]], [[quid]] hominis [[sit]], [[what]] [[sort]] of a [[man]] he is, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 134: sciturum, [[quid]] ejus [[sit]], [[what]] [[there]] is in it, [[how]] [[much]] of it [[may]] be true, id. Att. 16, 4, 3.— Rarely for [[uter]], [[which]] of [[two]], [[whether]]: incerti quae [[pars]] sequenda esset, Liv. 21, 39, 6: proelia de occupando ponte crebra erant, nec qui potirentur, [[satis]] discerni poterat, id. 7, 9, 7: ut dii legerent, qui [[nomen]] novae urbi daret, id. 1, 6, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; id. 1, 24, 3; 9, 45, 8; 10, 12, 5; cf.: validior per Germaniam [[exercitus]], [[propior]] [[aput]] Pannoniam; quos [[igitur]] anteferret? Tac. A. 1, 47.<br /><b>quis</b>: [[quid]],<br /><b>I</b> pron. indef.<br /><b>I</b> As subst.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> [[Alone]], [[any]] one, [[any]] [[body]], [[any]] [[thing]]; [[some]] one, [[somebody]], [[something]]: aperite, [[heus]]! Simoni me adesse, [[quis]] nunciate, Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 37: simplicior [[quis]], et est, etc., Hor. S. 1, 3, 63: [[quantum]] [[quis]] damni [[professus]] erat, Tac. A. 2, 26: [[quanto]] [[quis]] clarior, id. H. 3, 58: injuriam cui facere, Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 71.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In [[connection]] [[with]] si, ne, [[nisi]], cum: si te in judicium [[quis]] adducat, Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35: ne cui [[falso]] assentiamur, id. Fin. 3, 21, 72: si [[tecum]] agas [[quid]], id. Off. 1, 2, 4: si [[quid]] in te peccavi ignosce, id. Att. 3, 15, 4: si [[quis]] [[quid]] de re publicā rumore acceperit, Caes. B. G. 6, 20: si quo usui esse posset, Liv. 40, 26, 8: ne [[quid]] [[nimis]], Ter. And. 1, 1, 34: [[nisi]] [[quid]] existimas, etc., Cic. Fam. 13, 73, 2: [[neve]] [[quis]] invitam cogeret esse suam, Prop. 1, 3, 30: cum [[quid]], Col. 4, 25.—<br /><b>II</b> As adj.: jam [[quis]] [[forsitan]] [[hostis]] Haesura in nostro [[tela]] gerit latere, Tib. 1, 10, 13.<br /><b>quīs</b>: for quibus, v. [[quis]] and qui.

{{Georges

|georg=(1) [[quis]]¹, [[quid]], Pron. interrog., I) in der direkten [[Frage]]: A) subst. = [[wer]]? [[was]]? [[quis]] clarior Themistocle? Cic.: [[cuius]] es? wem gehörst du an? Ter.: [[quis]] [[homo]] est? [[wer]] da? Ter.: [[quis]] tu? [[wer]] da? Cic.: [[ebenso]] [[als]] Femin., [[quis]] [[illaec]] est, [[quae]] lugubri succincta est stolā? Enn. fr. scen. 386: [[quis]] tu es, [[mulier]], [[quae]] me insueto nuncupasti nomine? Pacuv. tr. 239; u. so Plaut. aul. 170; Epid. 533: [[quis]] ea est, [[quam]] [[vis]] ducere uxorem, Plaut. – Bes. [[quid]], a) subst., [[was]]? [[quid]] [[iam]]? [[wieso]] [[denn]]? [[warum]] [[denn]]? Plaut.: [[quid]] tum? [[was]] [[dann]] [[weiter]]? [[was]] folgt [[daraus]]? Cic.: so [[quid]] [[nunc]]? Plaut. (s. Brix Krit. Anh. zu Plaut. mil. 341): [[quid]] est? [[was]] ist [[denn]] [[los]]? Plaut.: [[quid]] [[igitur]] est? [[wie]] steht es [[also]]? Cic. – [[quid]] eo? [[was]] will er [[damit]]? Ter.: [[quid]] tu [[huc]] (sc. venis)? Cic. de fin. 3, 8. – [[quid]] [[mihi]] ad defendendum dedisti, [[bone]] [[accusator]]? [[quid]] hisce [[autem]] ad suspicandum? Cic. – [[quis]] erit. [[quin]] malit decumanis tuis dare [[quod]] poposcerint? Cic. Verr. 3, 34: [[quis]] est omnium [[eis]] moribus, [[quin]] divitiis et sumptibus, [[non]] probitate [[neque]] industriā cum maioribus [[suis]] contendat? Sall. Iug. 4, 7. – m. Genet., [[was]]? = [[wieviel]]? [[quid]] hominum, Ter.: [[quid]] rerum, Ter.: [[quid]] pictarum tabularum, Cic.: sciturum, [[quid]] [[eius]] sit, [[wieviel]] [[daran]] [[sei]], Cic. – b) adv.: α) [[wie]]? [[was]]? zum Ausdrucke der [[Verwunderung]] u. [[des]] Unwillens (s. Brix Plaut. mil. 316), [[quid]]? eundem destituisti? Cic.: [[quid]]? [[quod]], [[was]] soll [[man]] [[sagen]], daß usw., Cic.: [[häufig]] zu steigernden Übergängen dienend, ja [[sogar]], [[ferner]], [[noch]] [[mehr]], Cic.: [[quid]]? si, [[wie]]? [[wenn]], Cic. u. Ter. – β) [[warum]]? [[wozu]]? [[quid]] venisti, Plaut.: [[sed]] [[quid]] [[argumentor]]? Cic.: [[dafür]] [[auch]] in [[quid]]? [[warum]]? Sen.: dah. [[quid]] [[ita]], [[warum]] das? [[wieso]]? Cic.: [[quid]] ni? [[warum]] [[nicht]]? Ter. u. Cic.: [[auch]] getrennt, [[quid]] [[ego]] ni [[ita]] censeam? Plaut. mil. 1120: [[quid]] illam ni abducat? Ter. adelph. 662: [[auch]] pleonastisch [[non]] [[dabei]], [[quidni]] [[non]] permittam? Sen. ep. 52, 10. – B) adi., 1) = [[wer]]? [[was]]? [[quae]] [[haec]] [[anus]] est, Ter. – 2) = [[was]] [[für]] [[ein]], eine, -[[ein]], [[quid]] est [[tibi]] [[nomen]], [[wie]] heißest du, Plaut.: [[quid]] videtur [[tibi]] [[hoc]] [[mancipium]], Ter.: [[quid]] mulieris habes, [[was]] [[für]] eine [[Frau]] hast du, Ter.: [[quid]] negotii est? [[was]] ist [[denn]] [[los]]? Plaut.: [[quid]] [[hoc]] [[rei]] est? [[was]] bedeutet das? Curt.: [[quis]] [[videor]], [[wie]] komme [[ich]] dir [[vor]], Ter. – II) in der indirekten [[Frage]]: A) subst. = [[wer]], [[was]], [[quis]] sim, ex eo, quem ad te [[misi]], cognosces, Sall.: in verschlungenen Fragen, considera, [[quis]] quem fraudasse dicatur, [[wer]] und wen er betrogen [[haben]] soll, Cic. – B) adi. = [[was]] [[für]] [[ein]], eine, -[[ein]], rogitat, [[quis]] [[vir]] esset, Liv.: so [[auch]] [[quid]] m. Genet., [[quid]] hominis sit, [[was]] er [[für]] [[ein]] [[Mensch]] [[sei]], Cic. – / Archaist. Nom. Plur. [[ques]], Pacuv. tr. 221 u. [[ques]], Genet. [[quium]], [[Cato]] [[nach]] Serv. Verg. Aen. 1, 95.<br />'''(2)''' [[quis]]², [[qua]] od. [[quae]], [[quid]], Pronom. indef., irgendeiner, irgendwer, [[irgend]] [[etwas]] ([[oft]] [[auch]] [[durch]] [[man]] zu [[geben]]), [[bes]]. [[nach]] si, [[nisi]], [[nam]], ne etc., I) subst.: potest [[quis]], cum divinationem habeat, errare [[aliquando]], Cic.: si [[quis]] [[quid]] rumore acceperit, [[uti]] ad magistratum deferat [[nec]] cum [[quo]] [[alio]] communicet, Caes.: ne [[quid]] [[nimis]], Ter. – II) adi.: [[iam]] [[quis]] [[forsitan]] [[hostis]] haesura in nostro [[tela]] gerit [[latere]], Tibull.: si [[qua]] [[tibi]] venerit [[hereditas]], Cic.<br />'''(3)''' quīs³ = quibus, s. 1. quī.

}}