sermo: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>sermo</b>: ōnis, m. 2. [[sero]], qs. [[serta]], conserta [[oratio]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[speaking]] or [[talking]] [[with]] [[any]] one; [[talk]], [[conversation]], [[discourse]]: [[sermo]] est a serie: [[sermo]] [[enim]] non potest in uno homine esse [[solo]], sed ubi [[oratio]] cum altero conjuncta, Varr. L. L. 6, § 64 Müll. ([[very]] freq. in [[prose]] and [[poetry]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen. (syn. [[colloquium]]): [[quoniam]] magna vis orationis est eaque [[duplex]], altera contentionis, altera sermonis: [[contentio]] disceptationibus tribuatur judiciorum, contionum, [[senatus]]: [[sermo]] in circulis, disputationibus, congressionibus familiarium versetur; sequatur [[etiam]] convivia, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 37, 132: [[quod]] mihi [[servus]] sermonem serat, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 37: sermones serere, id. Mil. 3, 1, 106: [[multa]] [[inter]] [[sese]] [[vario]] sermone serebant, Verg. A. 6, 160: sermonem [[nobiscum]] ibi copulat, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 42: dum sermones fabulandi conferant, id. ib. prol. 34: [[caput]] et pes sermonis, id. As. 3, 3, 139: cum ea tu sermonem nec joco nec [[serio]] Tibi habeas, id. Am. 3, 2, 25; Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 1: ibi [[illa]] cum sermonem occipit, id. Eun. 4, 1, 8: dum sermones caedimus, id. Heaut. 2, 3, 1: sermonem cum [[aliquo]] conferre, Cic. Off. 1, 38, 136; id. Inv. 2, 4, 14: in nostris sermonibus collocutionibusque, id. Fam. 1, 9, 4: [[mature]] veniunt, discumbitur: [[fit]] [[sermo]] [[inter]] eos, id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 66: dum longior [[consulto]] ab Ambiorige instituitur [[sermo]], Caes. B. G. 5, 37: sermonis aditum cum [[aliquo]] habere, id. ib. 5, 41: nullum [[tibi]] [[omnino]] cum Albinovano sermonem ullā de re fuisse, Cic. Vatin. 1, 3; id. de Or. 2, 73, 296: erat in [[ore]], in sermone omnium, id. Phil. 10, 7, 14; cf.: [[memini]] in eum sermonem illum incidere, qui tum [[fere]] multis erat in [[ore]], id. Lael. 1, 2: aestivam sermone benigno tendere noctem, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 11: referre sermones deorum, id. C. 3, 3, 71 (cf.: consiliantibus divis, id. ib. 3, 3, 18): et euntem [[multa]] loquendo Detinuit sermone diem, Ov. M. 1, 683: [[nunc]] [[inter]] eos tu [[sermo]] es, [[you]] are the [[talk]], Prop. 2, 21 (3, 14), 7: jucundus est mihi [[sermo]] litterarum tuarum, the conversing [[with]] [[you]] by [[letter]], Cic. Fam. 7, 32, 3; cf.: [[littera]] sermonis fida [[ministra]] mei, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Literary [[conversation]], [[discourse]], [[disputation]], [[discussion]] (cf. [[oratio]]): tum [[Furius]]: Quid vos agitis? num sermonem vestrum aliquem diremit [[noster]] [[interventus]]? Minime [[vero]], [[Africanus]]; soles [[enim]] tu haec [[studiose]] investigare, quae sunt in hoc genere, de quo instituerat [[paulo]] [[ante]] [[Tubero]] quaerere, Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17; cf. id. ib. 1, 13, 19: in sermonem ingredi ([[just]] [[before]]: in disputationem ingredi), id. ib. 1, 24, 38: ([[Scaevola]]) exposuit nobis sermonem Laelii de amicitiā habitum ab [[illo]] [[secum]] ... Ejus disputationis sententias memoriae mandavi, etc.... ut [[tamquam]] a praesentibus haberi [[sermo]] videretur, id. Lael. 1, 3: rebus his, de quibus hic [[sermo]] est, id. Fin. 3, 12, 40: feci sermonem [[inter]] nos habitum in Cumano. Tibi dedi partes Antiochinas, etc., id. Fam. 9, 8, 1: in quo ([[circulo]]) de philosophiā [[sermo]] haberetur, Nep. Epam. 3, 3: Socratici sermones, Hor. C. 3, 21, 9; cf. Quint. 6, 3, 44; 2, 15, 26: in [[longum]] sermonem me vocas, [[Attice]], Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 13: [[nunc]] [[enim]] [[sermo]] de naturā est, [[our]] [[subject]], Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 67; 3, 1, pr. § 2; 16, 32, 58, § 134; Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 17, 15; [[Capitol]]. Gord. 3, 3 init.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Concr., a [[talk]], [[speech]], [[discourse]] ([[more]] [[informal]] and unpretending [[than]] [[oratio]]): meos multos et illustres et ex superiore et ex [[aequo]] [[loco]] sermones habitos, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2; Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 2; Quint. 11, 2, 24.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ordinary [[speech]], [[speaking]], [[talking]], the [[language]] of [[conversation]] (opp. [[contentio]]): [[sermo]] est [[oratio]] [[remissa]] et finitima cottidianae locutioni, Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 37, 132: [[mollis]] est [[oratio]] philosophorum et [[umbratilis]], etc.... Itaque [[sermo]] [[potius]] [[quam]] [[oratio]] dicitur, id. Or. 19, 64: in argumentis [[Caecilius]] poscit palmam, in sermonibus [[Plautus]], i. e. in [[dialogue]], Varr. ap. Non. 374, 9: soluta [[oratio]], [[qualis]] in sermone et epistulis, Quint. 9, 4, 19: C. [[Piso]], [[statarius]] et sermonis [[plenus]] [[orator]], Cic. Brut. 68, 239: si [[quis]] scribat, uti nos, Sermoni propiora, Hor. S. 1, 4, 42: vocem sermoni proximam, Quint. 11, 3, 162: ut litigantes [[quoque]] a sermone incipiant, ad vociferationem transeant, Sen. Ep. 15, 6.—Of [[prose]] as opposed to [[poetry]]: [[comoedia]] ... [[nisi]] [[quod]] pede [[certo]] Differt sermoni [[sermo]] [[merus]], Hor. S. 1, 4, 48: et [[tragicus]] [[plerumque]] dolet sermone pedestri [[Telephus]] et [[Peleus]], etc., id. A. P. 95.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Concr., of verses in a conversational [[style]], a [[satire]]: [[ille]] (delectatur) Bioneis sermonibus et [[sale]] [[nigro]], Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 60: Albi, nostrorum sermonum [[candide]] judex, id. ib. 1, 4, 1: nec sermones ego mallem Repentes per humum [[quam]] res componere gestas, id. ib. 2, 1, 250.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[reference]] to [[some]] [[particular]] [[object]], [[common]] [[talk]] [[respecting]] [[any]] [[thing]], [[report]], [[rumor]] (syn.: [[fama]], [[rumor]]): vulgi [[sermo]], Cic. Fam. 3, 11, 1: [[nunc]] per urbem [[solus]] [[sermo]] est omnibus, Eum, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 4: [[sermo]] est totā Asiā dissipatus, Cn. Pompeium, etc., Cic. Fl. 6, 14: mihi venit in mentem [[multum]] [[fore]] sermonem, me, etc., id. Att. 7, 23, 2: si [[istiusmodi]] sermones ad te delati de me sunt, non debuisti credere, id. Fam. 3, 8, 5 sq.: in sermonem hominum venire, id. Verr. 2, 4, 7, § 13: audita et percelebrata sermonibus res est, id. Cael. 29, 69; cf.: vix feram sermones hominum, si, etc., id. Cat. 1, 9, 23: vestrae perigrinantur aures, [[neque]] in hoc pervagato civitatis sermone versantur, this [[talk]] of the [[town]], id. Mil. 12, 33: refrigerato jam levissimo sermone hominum, id. Fam. 3, 8, 1: sermones inimicorum effugere, id. Cael. 16, 38: sermones lacessere, reprimere, id. Fam. 3, 8, 7: retudit sermones, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1: ne putet aliquid oratione meā sermonis in [[sese]] aut invidiae esse [[quaesitum]], of [[slander]], [[calumny]], Cic. Fl. 5, 13: dabimus sermonem iis, qui, etc., [[give]] [[them]] [[something]] to [[talk]] [[about]], id. Fam. 9, 3; so, materiam sermonibus praebere, Tac. H. 4, 4: [[cataplus]] [[ille]] Puteolanus, [[sermo]] illius temporis, Cic. Rab. Post. 14, 40 B. and K. dub.; v. Orell. N. cr.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., a [[manner]] of [[speaking]], [[mode]] of [[expression]], [[language]], [[style]], [[diction]], etc. (cf. [[lingua]]): sermone eo debemus uti, qui [[notus]] est nobis, ne, ut [[quidam]] Graeca verba inculcantes jure optimo rideamur, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111: cujus (Terentii) fabellae [[propter]] elegantiam sermonis putabantur a C. Laelio scribi, id. Att. 7, 3, 10: et [[sane]] [[quid]] est aliud [[vetus]] [[sermo]] [[quam]] [[vetus]] loquendi [[consuetudo]]? Quint. 1, 6, 43; 12, 2, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> A [[language]], the [[speech]] of a [[nation]], etc.: cui (Catulo) non [[solum]] nos Latini sermonis, sed [[etiam]] [[Graeci]] ipsi solent suae linguae subtilitatem elegantiamque concedere, Cic. de Or. 2, 7, 28: in Latino sermone, id. ib. 3, 11, 42: quae philosophi Graeco sermone tractavissent, ea Latinis litteris mandaremus, id. Fin. 1, 1, 1: patrii sermonis [[egestas]], Lucr. 1, 832; 3, 260: cum [[lingua]] Catonis et Enni Sermonem patrium ditaverit, Hor. A. P. 57: aves, quae sermonem imitantur humanum ... [[Agrippina]] turdum habuit imitantem sermones hominum ... lusciniae Graeco [[atque]] Latino sermone dociles, Plin. 10, 42, 59, § 120.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Of a [[single]] [[expression]]: si [[quis]] ita legaverit: Fructus annuos, etc., [[perinde]] accipi debet hic [[sermo]], ac si, etc., Dig. 7, 1, 20; 11, 7, 2, § 1; 28, 5, 29.— Hence, of a [[single]] [[word]] ([[late]] Lat.): [[δέος]] [[sermo]] [[Graecus]] est, Cassiod. in Psa. 21, 1.

{{Georges

|georg=sermo, ōnis, m. (1. [[sero]]), die [[zwischen]] mehreren gewechselte [[Rede]], die [[Unterredung]], [[Unterhaltung]], das [[Gespräch]] (s. 1. VarroLL. 6, 64), I) eig.: A) im allg.: a) eig.: [[iocus]], [[ludus]], [[sermo]] (Gekose), Plaut.: [[sermo]] in circulis, disputationibus, congressionibus familiarium versetur, Cic.: cum in sermone [[cotidiano]], tum in senatu [[palam]] [[sic]] egit causam tuam, ut etc., Cic.: [[esse]] in ore, in sermone omnium, Cic.: [[memini]] in [[eum]] sermonem illum incĭdere, [[qui]] tum [[fere]] multis erat in ore, Cic.: [[iucundus]] [[mihi]] est [[sermo]] litterarum tuarum, die briefliche [[Unterredung]] ([[Unterhaltung]]) [[mit]] dir, Cic.: sermonem arripere, Cic.: sermonem conferre cum alqo, Cic.: sermonem instituere cum alqo, Cic.: sermones u. alqd sermonibus serere, s. 1. [[sero]] no. II: texere longos sermones, Plaut.: sermonem quaerere, [[anfangen]] zu [[schwatzen]], zu [[kosen]], Ter.: sermonem ordiri, Cic.: oritur [[sermo]] de alqa re, Hor.: [[inde]] [[ortus]] [[sermo]] percunctantibus [[utrimque]], Sall. fr.: in istum sermonem delabi, Cic.: sermonem habere cum alqo, Cic.: dare se in sermonem, in die [[Unterhaltung]] [[eintreten]], Poët. [[bei]] Cic.: se [[familiariter]] in eorum sermonem insinuare ac dare, Cic.: longior ab alqo instituitur [[sermo]], Caes.: discumbitur, fit [[sermo]] [[inter]] [[eos]], Cic.: quaecumque [[eis]] rebus de quibus [[hic]] [[sermo]] est nomina imponis, Cic.: de Alexandrinis [[esse]] [[video]] sermonem, quem [[ego]] [[non]] [[refuto]], Cic.: [[multa]] [[ibi]] totā die in [[concilio]] sermonibus iactata erant, war [[hin]] u. her besprochen worden, Liv.: abrumpere sermonem, s. [[abrumpo]] no. II, 2, b: interrumpere sermonem, Plaut.: sermonem incīdere (v. [[einer]] [[Frage]]), Liv.: dabimus sermonem iis, [[qui]] etc., [[wir]] [[werden]] denen [[etwas]] zu [[reden]] [[geben]], die usw., Cic.: nullā sermonum [[vice]], [[ohne]] [[ein]] [[Wort]] zu [[wechseln]], Amm. – b) meton., das [[Gespräch]] = der [[Gegenstand]] [[des]] Gespräches, [[filius]] [[meus]] [[sermo]] est per urbem, ist das [[Stadtgespräch]], Plaut.: [[nunc]] [[inter]] [[eos]] tu [[sermo]] es, Prop.: Cataplus [[ille]] Puteolanus, [[sermo]] illius temporis, Cic. – B) insbes.: 1) die gelehrte [[Unterredung]], Disputation, der [[Dialog]], [[sermo]] oritur ab alqa re, Cic.: [[princeps]] [[Crassus]] [[eius]] sermonis ordiendi fuit, Cic.: in sermonem ingredi, [[teilnehmen]] an der U., Cic.: vocare alqm in [[longum]] sermonem, [[auffordern]] zu usw., Cic.: sermonem cum alqo habere de [[amicitia]], Cic.: [[num]] sermonem [[vestrum]] aliquem diremit [[noster]] [[adventus]]? Cic.: sermones, quos scripsit ([[Plato]]), Gell. – 2) die gewöhnliche [[Rede]], die Umfangssprache, das ruhige-, gelassene [[Gespräch]], der ruhige-, gelassene [[Gesprächston]] (Ggstz. [[contentio]], s. [[Cornif]]. rhet. 2, 23. Cic. de off. 1, 132), sermonis [[plenus]] [[orator]], Cic.: litigantes a sermone incipiant, ad vociferationem transeant, Sen.: [[supra]] modum sermonis attolli, Quint.: [[vox]] sermoni proxima, Quint.: scribere sermoni propiora, Hor. – dah. meton.: a) [[bei]] Horaz, seine Briefe u. Satiren, [[als]] dem gewöhnlichen [[Gesprächston]] [[sich]] annähernde Sprachdarstellungen, im [[Gegensatz]] zu dem erhabenen poetischen [[Ausdruck]], Hor. ep. 1, 4, 1 u. 2, 2, 60 ([[von]] den Satiren); u. ibid. 2, 1, 250 ([[von]] den Briefen). – b) die [[sich]] dem [[Gesprächston]] annähernde kunstlose [[Rede]], ut [[rursus]] vaces sermoni, quem [[apud]] [[municipes]] meos habui, Plin. ep. 1, 8, 2. – c) übh. gesprochene Worte, getane [[Äußerung]], [[hic]] [[sermo]] Abdalonymi, Curt. 4, 1 (4), 26: [[multi]] et illustres et ex superiore et ex [[aequo]] [[loco]] sermones habiti, meine vielen unzweideutigen, [[auf]] der Gerichtsbühne u. im gewöhnlichen [[Leben]] getanen Äußerungen, Cic. ep. 3, 8, 2. – 3) [[mit]] [[Beziehung]] [[auf]] [[ein]] gewisses [[Objekt]], die [[Rede]] der [[Menge]] [[über]] etw., das [[Gerede]], das [[Gerücht]], verb. [[sermo]] [[atque]] [[fama]], Cic.: vulgi, hominum, Cic.: sermones lacessere, G. [[hervorrufen]], zu G. [[Veranlassung]] [[geben]], Cic.: dare sermonem alci, jmdm. zu [[reden]] [[geben]], Cic.: [[ebenso]] sermones praebere aliis, Liv.: materiam sermonibus praebere, Tac.: ne putet [[aliquid]] oratione meā sermonis in [[sese]] [[aut]] invidiae [[esse]] [[quaesitum]], übler [[Nachrede]], Cic. – II) übtr.: 1) die [[Sprache]] = die Sprech-, die [[Rede]]-, [[Ausdrucksweise]], der [[Ausdruck]], a) eig.: s. [[rusticus]] (der Bauern), [[urbanus]] (der [[Städter]]), Liv.: s. [[proletarius]], Plaut., [[plebeius]], Cic.: s. [[cotidianus]], Quint.: s. [[lenis]] minimeque [[pertinax]], Cic.: antiquior est huius (Catonis) [[sermo]], Cic.: [[delicatus]], [[festivus]], [[elegans]], Cic.: sermonis [[elegantia]], Cic.: s. [[tenuis]] exsanguisque, Cic.: sermonis [[error]], irrtümliche [[Ausdrucksweise]], Cic.: fuit [[ergo]] in Catulo [[sermo]] [[Latinus]], Cic.: est [[igitur]] [[tropus]] [[sermo]] a naturali et principali significatione [[translatus]] ad aliam, Quint. – b) meton., die [[besonders]] gesprochenen [[oder]] geschriebenen Worte, der [[Ausdruck]], [[Satz]], s. [[Ulp]]. dig. 7, 1, 20; 11, 7, 2. § 1. Pompon. dig. 28, 5, 29 u. ö. [[bei]] den ICt.: Plur., [[non]] [[possum]] exprimere sermonibus, [[ich]] finde [[nicht]] Worte, Min. Fel. 2, 2. – 2) die [[Sprache]], die jmd. redet, u. im Ggstz. zu [[einer]] anderen die [[Mundart]], der [[Dialekt]], patrii sermonis [[egestas]], Lucr.: sermone debemus [[uti]], [[qui]] [[natus]] est [[nobis]], unserer Muttersprache, Cic.; vgl. [[nativus]] [[ille]] [[sermo]] commercio aliarum gentium exolevit, Curt.: sermoni Persarum se dedidit, Nep.: [[quae]] philosophi Graeco sermone tractassent, Cic.: sermonem humanum imitari, v. Vögeln, Plin. – lusciniae Graeco [[atque]] Latino sermone dociles, Plin. – 3) der Sprachgebrauch, [[rectus]], ICt.: vulgi sermone [[mors]] significatur, ICt. – / Das o im Nom. [[von]] [[Natur]] [[lang]], Lucr. 4, 535. Hor. [[sat]]. 1, 10, 23: [[später]] verkürzt, Iuven. 6, 193; 8, 39.

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