subsidium: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>subsĭdĭum</b>: ii, n. [[subsideo]].<br /><b>I</b> Milit. t. t.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Orig., the [[troops]] stationed in [[reserve]] in the [[third]] [[line]] of [[battle]] ([[behind]] the principes), the [[line]] of [[reserve]], [[reserve]]-ranks, [[triarii]]: [[subsidium]] dicebatur, [[quando]] milites subsidebant in extremā acie labentique aciei succurrebant. Quod [[genus]] militum constabat ex iis, qui emeruerant stipendia, locum [[tamen]] retinebant in exercitu: quae erat tertia [[acies]] triariorum, Fest. p. 306 Müll.; cf.: [[subsidium]], [[quod]] postpositum est ad subveniendum laborantibus, id. p. 223 ib.: [[triarii]] [[quoque]] dicti, [[quod]] in acie [[tertio]] ordine extremis subsidio deponebantur: [[quod]] hi subsidebant, ab eo [[subsidium]] [[dictum]], Varr. L. L. 5, § 89 ib. ([[very]] [[rare]]): subsidia et secundam aciem [[adortus]], Liv. 4, 28: jaculatores fugerunt [[inter]] subsidia ad secundam aciem, id. 21, 46: impulsa [[frons]] prima et [[trepidatio]] subsidiis illata, id. 6, 13: in subsidiis pugnacissimas locaverunt gentes, Curt. 3, 9, 3: in subsidiis positi, id. 4, 13, 28.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> A [[body]] of [[reserve]], an [[auxiliary]] [[corps]], [[auxiliary]] forces, etc. ([[class]].; syn.: [[suppetiae]], [[auxilium]]): duae cohortes de subsidio procedunt, Sisenn. ap. Non. 363, 18: rem esse in [[angusto]] vidit, [[neque]] ullum esse [[subsidium]], [[quod]] submitti posset, Caes. B. G. 2, 25: [[neque]] certa subsidia collocari poterant, id. ib. 2, 22: cohortes veteranas in fronte, [[post]] eas [[ceterum]] exercitum in subsidiis locat, stationed as a [[reserve]], Sall. C. 59, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Abstr., [[support]] in [[battle]], [[aid]], [[help]], [[relief]], succor, [[assistance]]: cum [[alius]] alii [[subsidium]] ferrent, Caes. B. G. 2, 26: funditores Baleares subsidio oppidanis mittit, id. ib. 2, 7: missi in [[subsidium]] equites, Tac. A. 12, 55: Italiae subsidio proficisci, Caes. B. C. 3, 78; cf. Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46: integros subsidio adducit, Caes. B. G. 7, 87: subsidio venire, Cic. Att. 8, 7, 1: [[commune]] in Germanos Gallosque [[subsidium]], [[octo]] legiones erant, Tac. A. 4, 5.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., in gen., [[support]], [[assistance]], [[aid]], [[help]], [[protection]], etc. (syn. adjumentum).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sing.: abi quaerere, ubi jurando tuo [[satis]] [[sit]] subsidii, Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 26: mihi hoc [[subsidium]] (sc. juris interpretationem) jam [[inde]] ab [[adulescentia]] comparavi, Cic. de Or. 1, 45 199; cf.: ut illud [[subsidium]] (sc. bibliothe cam) senectuti parem, id. Att. 12, 3, 52: [[subsidium]] bellissimum [[existimo]] senectuti [[otium]], id. de Or. 1, 60, 255; cf. id. Quint. 1, 4: [[sine]] talium virorum subsidio resistere, id. Clu. 1, 3: his difficultatibus duae res erant subsidio, Caes. B. G. 2, 20: fidissimum annonae [[subsidium]], Liv. 27, 5: [[aurum]] ad [[subsidium]] fortunae relictum, id. 22, 32: non aliud [[subsidium]] [[quam]] [[misericordia]] Caesaris fuit, Tac. A. 2, 63: nec [[tibi]] subsidio [[sit]] [[praesens]] [[numen]], Ov. Ib. 285.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Plur.: industriae subsidia, Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 9: frumentaria subsidia rei publicae, id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 34: sibi subsidia ad omnes vitae [[status]] parare, id. Fam. 9, 6, 4: his ego subsidiis ea [[sum]] consecutus, id. ib. 15, 4, 14; Suet. Calig. 12: ad omnes [[casus]] subsidia comparare, to [[prepare]] [[resources]], [[make]] [[provision]], Caes. B. G. 4, 31: [[mare]] [[circa]] Capreas importuosum et vix modicis navigiis pauca subsidia, Tac. A. 4, 67.

{{Georges

|georg=subsidium, iī, n. (*[[subsideo]]), I) konkr. [[als]] milit. t.t. = die im [[Rücken]] zurückbleibende [[Hilfe]], das [[Hintertreffen]], der [[Rückhalt]], die Reserve, die [[Reservetruppen]] (Ggstz. [[frons]], [[prima]] [[acies]]), subsidia et secundam aciem [[adortus]], Liv.: iaculatores fugerunt [[inter]] subsidia ad secundam aciem, Liv.: impulsa [[frons]] [[prima]] et [[trepidatio]] subsidiis illata, Liv.: cohortes veteranas in fronte, [[post]] eas [[ceterum]] exercitum in subsidiis locat, [[als]] H., Sall.: in primam aciem suas legiones [[Sempronius]] induxit; in subsidiis locatae P. Licinii legiones, Liv.: [[subsidium]] u. subsidia submittere, Caes. – II) abstr.: 1) [[als]] milit. t.t. = der [[Rückhalt]], die [[Hilfe]], der [[Beistand]] [[durch]] [[Truppen]], [[nullo]] [[maris]] subsidio, [[ohne]] Zuzug [[von]] der [[See]] her, Tac.: [[subsidium]] ferre, Caes.: subsidio [[ire]], Nep., [[oder]] venire, Nep. u. Cic.: [[ire]] in [[subsidium]], Tac.: subsidio proficisci, Caes.: equites in [[subsidium]] mittere, Tac.: funditores subsidio oppidanis mittere, Caes. – 2) übtr.: a) die [[Hilfe]], das [[Hilfsmittel]], der [[Beistand]], [[Rückhalt]], die [[Stütze]], der [[Schutz]], [[subsidium]] bellissimum [[existimo]] [[esse]] senectuti [[otium]], Cic.: fidissimum annonae [[subsidium]], Liv.: subsidio [[esse]], v. Pers. = zur [[Hilfe]] [[dienen]], Ov., v. Dingen = [[gegen]] etw. zur [[Hilfe]] [[dienen]], zustatten [[kommen]], his difficultatibus, Caes.: oblivioni, Cic.: [[subsidium]] ponere in [[fuga]], Caes.: his subsidiis ea [[sum]] [[consecutus]], Cic.: militare [[aerarium]] eo subsidio niti, stütze [[sich]] [[auf]] diesen [[Zuschuß]], Tac.: nulla [[sibi]] subsidia ad omnes vitae [[status]] parare, Cic. – b) der [[Zufluchtsort]], das [[Asyl]] (s. Dräger Tac. ann. 4, 67), [[vix]] modicis navigiis pauca subsidia, Tac.: [[qui]] punito Seiano in hortos Pomponii [[quasi]] fidissimum ad [[subsidium]] perfugisset, Tac.

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