σταυρός: Difference between revisions

|txtha=σταυροῦ, ὁ (from [[ἵστημι]] ([[root]] sta); cf. Latin stauro, English [[staff]] ([[see]] Skeat, Etymological Dictionary, [[under]] the [[word]]); [[Curtius]], § 216; Vanicek, p. 1126);<br /><b class="num">1.</b> an [[upright]] [[stake]], [[especially]] a [[pointed]] [[one]] ([[Homer]], [[Herodotus]], [[Thucydides]], [[Xenophon]]).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> a [[cross]];<br /><b class="num">a.</b> the [[well-known]] [[instrument]] of [[most]] [[cruel]] and [[ignominious]] [[punishment]], borrowed by the Greeks and Romans from the Phoenicians; to it were affixed [[among]] the Romans, down to the [[time]] of Constantine the Great, the guiltiest criminals, [[particularly]] the basest slaves, robbers, the authors and abetters of insurrections, and [[occasionally]] in the provinces, at the [[arbitrary]] [[pleasure]] of the governors, [[upright]] and [[peaceable]] men [[also]], and [[even]] Roman citizens [[themselves]]; cf. Winer s RWB, [[under]] the [[word]] Kreuzigung; Merz in Herzog edition 1 (cf. Schaff-Herzog) [[also]] Schultze in Herzog edition 2), [[under]] the [[word]] Kreuz; Keim, iii., p. 409ff. (English translation, vi. 138; BB. DD., [[see]] [[under]] the words, Cross, Crucifixion; O. Zöckler, Das Kreuz Christi (Gütersloh, 1875); English translation, Lond. 1878; Fulda, Das Kreuz u. d. Kreuzigung (Bresl. 1878); Edersheim, Jesus the Messiah, ii. 582ff). This [[horrible]] [[punishment]] the [[innocent]] Jesus [[also]] suffered: [[θάνατος]] σταυροῦ, τό [[αἷμα]] [[τοῦ]] σταυροῦ, [[blood]] [[shed]] on the [[cross]]; the crucifixion [[which]] Christ underwent: [[σκάνδαλον]], [[under]] the [[end]]); [[τοῦ]] Χριστοῦ, [[ἐχθρός]], at the [[end]]); τῷ σταυρῷ [[τοῦ]] Χριστοῦ διώκεσθαι, to [[encounter]] [[persecution]] on [[account]] of [[one]]'s avowed [[belief]] in the [[saving]] [[efficacy]] of Christ's crucifixion, ὁ [[λόγος]] ὁ [[τοῦ]] σταυροῦ, the [[doctrine]] [[concerning]] the [[saving]] [[power]] of the [[death]] on the [[cross]] endured by Christ, [[Plutarch]], de sara numinis vindict. c. 9; Artemidorus Daldianus, oneir. 2,56, cf. [[αἴρειν]] or λαμβάνειν or βαστάζειν [[τόν]] σταυρόν [[αὐτοῦ]], [[which]] [[was]] [[usually]] used by those [[who]], on [[behalf]] of God's [[cause]], do [[not]] [[hesitate]] [[cheerfully]] and [[manfully]] to [[bear]] persecutions, troubles, distresses — [[thus]] recalling the [[fate]] of Christ and the [[spirit]] in [[which]] he encountered it (cf. Bleek, Synop. Erkl. der drei ersten Evangg. i, p. 439f): R L in brackets); Luke 14:27.