ζάω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[[ζῶ]] (contr. fr. [[ζώω]]: [[ζάω]] only in Gramm., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>410.38</span>), [[ζῇς]] (<span class="bibl">Choerob. <span class="title">in Theod.</span>2.28</span>), [[ζῇ]], [[ζῆτε]] (but [[ζῆς]], [[ζῆ]] acc. to Anon. ap. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>410.48</span>, Sophronius ap.<span class="bibl">Choerob.<span class="title">in Theod.</span>2.416</span>); imper. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ζῆ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>167</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span> 699</span>, [[ζῆθι]] (as if from [[ζῆμι]], cf. <span class="title">EM</span> [[l.c.]]) <span class="bibl">Pherecr.11</span> D., <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Mon.</span> 191</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>10.43, σύ-ζηθι Philem. ap. <span class="title">Et.Gen.</span> [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ζῆ]]; opt. [[ζῴην]]; inf. [[ζῆν]]: impf. ἔζων <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>323</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>1072</span>; [[ἔζην]] in most codd. of <span class="bibl">D.24.7</span> is a form suggested by [[ἔζης]], [[ἔζη]]; 3pl. ἔζων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>709</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>679c</span>: fut. ζήσω <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>263</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>465d</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.<span class="title">Mon.</span>186</span>, [Epich.]<span class="bibl">267</span>, ζήσομαι <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Nat.Puer.</span>30</span>, <span class="bibl">D.25.82</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1327b5</span>: aor. 1 ἔζησα <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">Prog.</span>1</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>7.470 (Mel.), Plu.2.786a, etc.: pf. ἔζηκα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span> 1048b25</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.5.68</span>, etc.: but in Att. aor. and pf. are mostly supplied from <b class="b3">βιόω.-</b> Exc. part. [[ζῶντος]], <span class="bibl">Il.1.88</span>, Hom. always uses the Ep. Ion. Lyr. pres. ζώω (also in <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.25</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.46</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Diog.Apoll.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Herod.2.29</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>12(8).600.9 (Thasos), and Trag. (in lyr.), <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>157</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OC</span>1213</span>, cf. <span class="title">BCH</span>47.95 (Cavalla), <span class="title">Bull.Soc.Arch.Bulg.</span>7.13 (Macedonia); subj. ζώῃ <span class="title">IG</span>12(8).262.12 (Thasos, v B.C.), cf. <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 339, al. (Delph.), contr. ζῷ <span class="title">Berl.Sitzb.</span>1927.161 (Cyrene); Cret. δώω <span class="title">Leg.Gort.</span>4.21, al.); inf. <b class="b3">ζωέμεναι, -έμεν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.7.140</span>,<span class="bibl">24.436</span>: impf. ἔζωον <span class="bibl">22.245</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>112</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.112</span>; Ion. ζώεσκον <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>90</span>, <span class="bibl">Bion 1.30</span>: aor. 1 [[ἔζωσα]] (ἐπ-) <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.120</span>; inf. ζῶσαι <span class="title">IG</span>11(4).1299 (Delos): pf. part. ἐζωκότα <span class="title">BMus.Inscr.</span>1009 (Cyzicus); inf. ζόειν <span class="bibl">Semon.1.17</span>: impf. ζόεν <span class="title">AP</span>13.21 (Theodorid.). (Root <b class="b2">gu̯iē-, gu̯iō-</b> also in [[βίος]] and [[ὑγιής]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]).) </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> prop. of animal life, [[live]], Hom. (v. infr.), etc.; also of plants, τὸ ζῆν κοινὸν εἶναι φαίνεται καὶ τοῖς φυτοῖς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">EN</span>1097b33</span>; <b class="b3">ἐλέγχιστε ζωόντων</b> vilest [[of living men]], <span class="bibl">Od.10.72</span>; ζώειν καὶ ὁρᾶν φάος ἠελίοιο <span class="bibl">Il. 24.558</span>; ζῶντος καὶ ἐπὶ χθονὶ δερκομένοιο <span class="bibl">1.88</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.16.439</span>; ζῶν καὶ βλέπων <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>677</span>; ζώει τε καὶ ἔστιν <span class="bibl">Od.24.263</span>; ζώντων καὶ ὄντων <span class="bibl">D. 18.72</span>; τοῦ εἶναί τε καὶ ζῆν ἕνεκα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>369d</span>; ζῶσα πόλις καὶ ἐγρηγορυῖα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>809d</span>; ζῶν καὶ ἔμψυχος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>276a</span>; <b class="b3">ῥεῖα ζώοντες</b> [[living at ease]], of the gods, <span class="bibl">Il.6.138</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ζῶν κατακαυθῆναι</b> to [[be burnt alive]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.86</span>: c. acc. temp., ζ. ἤματα πάντα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ven.</span>221</span>, etc.; ὀλίγα ἔτεα <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.22</span>: c. dat. modi, <b class="b3">δμῶες… ἄλλα τε πολλὰ οἷσίν τ' εὖ ζώουσι</b> whereby men [[live]] [[in comfort]], <span class="bibl">Od.17.423</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.60.5</span>; κοράκων πονηρίᾳ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>868</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τοῖς αἰσχίστοις ἔργοις, ἐπὶ τοῖς παροῦσιν ἀγαθοῖς</b>, <span class="bibl">And.1.100</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.10.18</span>; also <b class="b3">ζῆν ἀπό τινος</b> [[to live on]] a thing, <span class="bibl">Thgn. 1156</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.216</span>, <span class="bibl">2.36</span>,<span class="bibl">4.22</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span>850</span>, etc.; ἔκ τινος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ec.</span>591</span>, <span class="bibl">D. 57.36</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ep.Cor.</span>9.14</span>: c. part., ζῆν συκοφαντῶν <span class="bibl">And.1.99</span>; ἐργαζόμενοι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1292b27</span>: c. dat. commodi, <b class="b3">ζῆν ἑαυτῷ</b> [[for]] oneself, dub. l. in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>646</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>470</span>, <span class="bibl">Men.507</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ζῆν</b>,= [[ζωή]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>681</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phd.</span>77d</span> (without Art. εἰς ἕτερον ζ. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ax.</span>365d</span>); διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Hebr.</span>2.15</span>; also, a [[living]], τὸ ζ. οὐκ ἔχομεν <span class="title">OGI</span>515.57 (Mylasa, iii A.D.); <b class="b3">ζήτω ὁ βασιλεύς</b> [[long live]] the king, <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">1 Ki.</span>10.24</span>; <b class="b3">βασιλεῦ, εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα ζῆθι</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Da.</span>3.9</span>; asseverations, <b class="b3">ζῶ ἐγώ, καὶ ζῶν τὸ ὄνομά μου, καί</b>… ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>14.21</span>; <b class="b3">ζῇ κύριος, εἰ... ὅτι</b>…, ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">1 Ki.</span>19.6</span>, <span class="bibl">29.6</span>; <b class="b3">ζῇ ἡ ψυχή σου, εἰ οἶδα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">17.55</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[βιόω]], [[live]], [[pass one's life]], c. acc. cogn., ζώεις δ' ἀγαθὸν βίον <span class="bibl">Od.15.491</span>; ζ. βίον μοχθηρόν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>599</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>249</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>506</span>, etc.; ζόην τὴν αὐτήν <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.112</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>344e</span>; τὸν βίον ἀσφαλῶς <span class="bibl">Philem.213.5</span>; ἥδιστον ἀνθρώπων βίον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>583.4</span>; νυμφίων βίον <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>161</span>; also ζ. ἀβλαβεῖ βίῳ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>650</span>, cf.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>168</span>; εὖ ζῆν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>505</span>; κακῶς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OC</span>799</span>; ζ. δοῦλος <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>410</span>; <b class="b3">ἐκ τῶν ἄλλων ὧν ἔζης</b> from the other [[acts of your life]], <span class="bibl">D.21.134</span>; <b class="b3">ποιεῖσθαι φθόνον ἐξ ὧν ζῇς</b> ib.196. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> aor. 1 [[ἔζησα]], causal, [[quicken]], ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ σου ζῆσόν με <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Ps.</span>118(119).37</span>, al. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[live]] in the fullest sense, δι' ὧν ζῆν ἐπιστάμεθα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.3.11</span>, etc.; βιοὺς μὲν ἔτη τόσα, ζήσας δὲ ἔτη ἑπτά <span class="bibl">D.C.69.19</span>; in religious or mystical sense, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Rom.</span>7.9</span>, al., cf. Ramsay ''Cilies and Bishoprics'' <span class="bibl">2p.565</span> (Phryg.); θεὸς ζῶν <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">De.</span>5.26(23)</span>, etc.: freq. metaph. of things, to [[be in full vigour]], ὄλβος ζώει μάσσων <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>3.5</span>; ἄτης θύελλαι ζῶσι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>819</span>; ζῶντι χρώμενος ποδί <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Fr.</span>790</span>; [μαντεῖα] αἰεὶ ζῶντα περιποτᾶται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>482</span>; <b class="b3">ἀεὶ ζῇ ταῦτα [νόμιμα</b>] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ant.</span>457</span>; <b class="b3">τὰς ξυμφορὰς τῶν βουλευμάτων ζώσας μάλιστα</b> [[have]] most living [[power]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">OT</span>45</span>; λόγια ζῶντα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>7.38</span>; χρόνῳ τῷ ζῶντι καὶ παρόντι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1169</span>; <b class="b3">ζῶσα φλόξ</b> [[living]] fire, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>8</span>; <b class="b3">ὕδωρ ζῶν</b> [[spring]] water, <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">Nu.</span>5.17</span> (and metaph., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Jo.</span>4.10</span>); ζώσης φωνῆς <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>2.12.2</span>.</span>