εἷς: Difference between revisions

|btext=[[μία]], [[ἕν]], <i>gén.</i> [[ἑνός]], μιᾶς, [[ἑνός]], <i>etc.</i><br />numéral;<br />un, une;<br /><b>A.</b> <i>dét. numéral</i> :<br /><b>I.</b> <i>cardinal</i> un ; καθ’ ἓν [[εἶναι]] XÉN être uni ; καθ’ ἓν οὔσης τῆς ἰσχύος ἀμφοτέρας XÉN les deux armées à la fois (celle de terre et celle de mer) étant réunies sous un même commandement. -- <i>Comme n. de nombre</i>, [[εἷς]] <i>se joint à un autre n. de nombre avec ou sans</i> καὶ : μίαν καὶ [[εἴκοσι]] [[ναῦς]] THC vingt et un vaisseaux ; <i>en outre</i>, [[ἑνός]], μιᾶς <i>entrent dans la formule servant à désigner un nombre, au-dessus de 10, terminé par un 9</i> : [[νῆες]] μιᾶς δέουσαι [[τεσσαράκοντα]] THC trente-neuf vaisseaux ; μιᾶς δεούσαις [[εἴκοσι]] ναυσίν THC dix-neuf vaisseaux;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>ordinal, au sens de</i> [[πρῶτος]] : premier ; ἓν καὶ εἰκοστὸν [[ἔτος]] THC vingt et unième année ; [[τῷ]] ἑνὶ καὶ τριηκοστῷ ἔτει HDT la trente et unième année;<br /><b>III.</b> <i>pour marquer plus fortement l'idée d'unité, construit;<br /><b>1</b> avec les adj. signifiant « seul »</i> [[οἶος]], [[μόνος]] : ἕνα [[οἶον]] IL un seul ; μίαν οἴην OD une seule ; [[εἷς]] [[μόνος]] HDT un seul ; [[μία]] μούνη OD une seule;<br /><b>2</b> <i>avec un Sp.</i> : [[εἷς]] [[ἄριστος]] IL (<i>cf. lat.</i> fortissimus unus) excellent entre tous, <i>litt.</i> excellent s'il en est un, s'il en est ; [[ἀποφαίνω]] Μυτιληναίους [[μάλιστα]] δὴ μίαν πόλιν ἠδικηκότας [[ὑμᾶς]] THC je veux vous démontrer que les Mytiléniens vous ont fait la plus cruelle offense que jamais cité ait faite ; [[ἐξῆν]] Κύρῳ θησαυρούς χρυσοῦ πλείστους [[ἑνί]] [[γε]] ἀνδρὶ [[ἐν]] [[τῷ]] οἴκῳ καταθέσθαι XÉN Cyrus pouvait déposer dans son palais plus de monceaux d'or qu’aucun homme n’en posséda jamais ; πάντων [[εἷς]] ἀνὴρ τῶν μεγίστων [[αἴτιος]] κακῶν DÉM auteur de tous les maux les plus graves qu’ait jamais causés aucun homme;<br /><b>3</b> <i>avec l'article</i> : [[δύο]] δὲ… τὴν δὲ μίαν IL deux… et une;<br /><b>4</b> <i>avec une négation</i> : [[εἷς]] [[οὐδείς]] HDT pas un seul ; [[εἷς]] [[μή]] XÉN <i>m. sign.</i> ; [[οὐκ]] [[ἐν]] ἄλλῳ [[ἑνί]] [[γε]] χωρίῳ HDT en aucun autre pays;<br /><b>5</b> <i>avec</i> [[ἕκαστος]], <i>pour marquer la séparation, l'isolement</i> : [[εἷς]] [[ἕκαστος]], chacun séparément (<i>cf. fr. un chacun, <i>lat.</i> unusquisque</i>) ; καθ’ ἓν ἕκαστον HDT chaque chose une à une, séparément : ἐπὶ μίαν ἑκάστην ῥάβδον τιθέντες θεσπίζουσι HDT ils placent les baguettes l'une après l'autre séparément, puis rendent des oracles ; <i>en ce sens</i>, [[εἷς]] <i>abs.</i> l'un après l'autre, chacun séparément;<br /><b>6</b> <i>avec diverses prépositions</i> : ἓν ἀνθ’ [[ἑνός]] PLAT une chose au lieu d'une autre, <i>càd</i> avant une autre, par-dessus tout ; [[ἐς]] μίαν βουλήν THC à l'unanimité ; [[ἐς]] μίαν βουλεύειν IL voter en un sens unanime ; παρ’ ἕνα LUC l'un alternant avec l'autre, alternativement, chacun à son tour;<br /><b>B.</b> <i>par opp. à « autre »</i> : [[εἷς]] μὲν … [[εἷς]] δε …, [[εἷς]] μὲν… [[ἕτερος]] [[δέ]] XÉN l'un … l'autre ; ὁ μὲν … [[εἷς]] δὲ … [[εἷς]] δ’ [[αὖ]] OD l'un …, un autre…, un autre encore;<br /><b>C.</b> un, <i>au sens indéfini</i>;<br /><b>1</b> • <i>avec un pron. indéfini ou un adj.</i> : [[εἷς]] [[τις]], <i>rar.</i> [[τις]] [[εἷς]] (<i>cf. lat.</i> unus aliquis) quelqu'un ; [[εἷς]] ὁ [[πρῶτος]] DÉM le premier venu;<br /><b>2</b> • <i>avec un gén</i>. : Εὐρύμαχος [[εἷς]] αὐτῶν [[ἦν]] THC Eurymachos était l'un d'eux ; ἐστρατοπεδεύσαντο [[ἐν]] μιᾷ τῶν νήσων THC ils établirent leur camp dans une des îles.<br />'''Étymologie:''' pour *ἕνς, cf. <i>lat.</i> [[unus]].

|txtha=[[μία]], ἐν, genitive [[ἑνός]], μιᾶς, [[ἑνός]], a [[cardinal]] [[numeral]], [[one]]. Used:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[universally]],<br /><b class="num">a.</b> in opposed to [[many]]; and α. added to nouns [[after]] the [[manner]] of an adjective: [[πέντε]] [[δύο]]); πάντες); L WH brackets); R G), and [[often]]; [[παρά]] μίαν [[namely]], πληγήν (Winer's Grammar, 589 (548); Buttmann, 82 (72)), [[save]] [[one]] (Winer's Grammar, § 49, g.), ὁ [[εἰς]] [[ἄνθρωπος]], the [[one]] Prayer of Manasseh, of whom I [[have]] [[spoken]], β. substantively, [[with]] a partitive genitive — to [[denote]] [[one]], [[whichever]] it [[may]] be: μίαν τῶν ἐντολῶν, [[one]] commandment, [[whichever]] of the [[whole]] [[number]] it [[may]] be, ἐκ [[with]] the genitive of a [[noun]] signifying a [[whole]], to [[denote]] [[that]] [[one]] of ([[out]] of) a [[company]] did [[this]] or [[that]]: T WH Tr marginal [[reading]] in brackets), Tr omits ἐκ); omits ἐκ); omits ἐκ. γ. [[absolutely]]: Winer's Grammar, 593 (551)), συνάγειν [[εἰς]] ἐν, to [[gather]] [[together]] [[into]] [[one]], ποιεῖν τά ἀμφότερα ἐν, ὁ [[εἰς]], the [[one]], whom I [[have]] named, ἐν [[σῶμα]] [[πολλά]] [[μέλη]], ἐν [[εἶναι]], to be united [[most]] [[closely]] (in [[will]], [[spirit]]), ἐν [[ἑνί]] πνεύματι, [[μία]] [[ψυχή]], [[Cicero]], Lael. 25 (92) amicitiae vis est in eo, ut unus quasi [[animus]] fiat ex pluribus); [[ἀπό]] μιᾶς ([[see]] [[ἀπό]], III., p. 59{b}), [[εἰς]] ... οὐ or μή ([[one]] ... [[not]], i. e.) no [[one]], ([[more]] [[explicit]] and [[emphatic]] [[than]] [[οὐδείς]]): ἐν ἐξ αὐτῶν οὐ πεσεῖται, [[none]]), [[but]] [[also]] Greek ([[Aristophanes]] ecclesiastical 153: thesm. 549; [[Xenophon]], an. 5,6, 12; [[Dionysius]] [[Halicarnassus]], [[verb]]. comp. 18, etc.), cf. Winer's Grammar, 172 (163); (Buttmann, 121 (106)).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[emphatically]], so [[that]] others are excluded, and [[εἰς]] is the [[same]] as 2. a [[single]] (Latin unus equivalent to unicus); joined to nouns: [[οὐκ]] ... [[εἰ μή]] ἕνα ἄρτον); [[οὐδέ]] [[εἰς]], [[not]] [[even]] [[one]]: R G); [[οὐκ]] ἐστιν [[ἕως]] [[ἑνός]] ([[there]] is [[not]] so [[much]] as [[one]]), omnes ad unum, [[all]] to a [[man]]. Neuter, ἐν, [[one]] [[thing]], [[exclusive]] of the [[rest]]; [[one]] [[thing]] [[before]] [[all]] others: WH [[only]] [[text]]); [[alone]]: [[οὐδείς]] ... [[εἰ μή]] [[εἰς]] ὁ Θεός, [[μόνος]] ὁ Θεός); [[one]] and the [[same]] ([[not]] at [[variance]] [[with]], in [[accord]] [[with]] [[oneself]]): L omits); τό ἐν φρονεῖν, WH marginal [[reading]] [[αὐτό]]); ἕν [[εἶναι]] are [[one]], i. e. are of the [[same]] [[importance]] and [[esteem]], [[εἰς]] τό ἐν [[εἶναι]] ([[see]] [[εἰμί]], V:2d.), τό ἐν [[καί]] τό [[αὐτό]]. ἐν [[καί]] τό [[αὐτό]] τίνι, [[εἰς]] is [[often]] so weakened [[that]] it [[hardly]] differs from the [[indefinite]] pronoun [[τίς]], or from [[our]] [[indefinite]] [[article]] (Winer's Grammar, 117 (111) (cf. 29 [[note]] 2; Buttmann, 85 (74))): [[εἰς]] [[γραμματεύς]]); [[παιδάριον]] ἐν, [[where]] T Tr WH [[omit]] and L brackets ἐν); [[Aristophanes]] av. 1292; [[Xenophon]], mem. 3,3, 12; [[Plato]], de rep. 6, p. 494d.; legg. 9, p. 855d., etc.; [[especially]] [[later]] writings; (אֶחָד, [[εἰς]] [[τίς]] (Latin unus aliquis), a [[certain]] [[one]]; [[one]], I [[know]] [[not]] [[who]]; [[one]] [[who]] [[need]] [[not]] be named: [[with]] a [[substantive]], L Tr WH [[omit]] [[εἰς]]); or followed by a genitive L Tr [[omit]]; WH brackets [[τίς]]; followed by ἐκ, ἐξ, [[with]] the genitive: ἕν τί τῶν ῤημάτων, Wetstein on Matthiae, § 487).<br /><b class="num">4.</b> it is used distributively (Winer's Grammar, § 26,2; [[especially]] Buttmann, 102 (90));<br /><b class="num">a.</b> [[εἰς]] ... [[καί]] [[εἰς]], [[one]] ... and [[one]]: L T Tr WH, R G L WH marginal [[reading]]); R G L Tr marginal [[reading]] WH marginal [[reading]] in brackets); [[εἰς]] [[μέν]] ... [[εἰς]] δέ, as [[Aristotle]], eth. 6,1, 5; Xcn. Cyril 1,2, 4); [[with]] the [[article]] prefixed, ὁ [[εἰς]] the [[one]], R G; followed by ὁ [[εἰς]], the [[one]] ... the [[other]], R G; followed by ὁ [[ἕτερος]], R WH; R G T WH marginal [[reading]]; [[εἰς]] ([[without]] the [[article]] ... ὁ [[ἕτερος]]: G L T Tr; L Tr WH [[text]]; [[πέντε]] ... ὁ [[εἰς]] ... ὁ [[ἄλλος]], [[εἰς]] [[ἕκαστος]], everyone: Buttmann, 102 f (89f); [[ἀνά]] [[εἰς]] [[ἕκαστος]] ([[see]] [[ἀνά]], 2), Lucian, [[solace]]. (Pseudosoph.) § 9; Winer's Grammar, § 37,3; Buttmann, 30f (26f); Fritzsche on Mark, p. 613 f; ([[Sophocles]]' Lexicon, [[under]] the [[word]] [[καθεῖς]])), is καθ' [[εἰς]], and in [[combination]] [[καθεῖς]] (so [[that]] [[either]] [[κατά]] is used adverbially, or [[εἰς]] as indeclinablc): ὁ καθ' [[εἰς]], equivalent to [[εἰς]] [[ἕκαστος]], L T Tr WH τό καθ', as respects [[each]] [[one]], [[severally]]; cf. [[what]] is said [[against]] [[this]] [[reading]] by Fritzsche, [[commentary]], iii., p. 44f, and in its favor by Meyer); [[with]] a partitive genitive [[εἰς]] καθ' (T WH Tr marginal [[reading]] [[κατά]]) [[εἰς]], everyone, [[one]] by [[one]], καθ' ἕνα, καθ' ἕν (as in Greek writings), of a [[series]], [[one]] by [[one]], [[successively]]: καθ' ἐν, [[all]] in [[succession]], Tdf.); καθ' ἕνα πάντες, [[Xenophon]], venat. 6,14); καθ' ἕν ἕκαστον, [[Xenophon]], Cyril 1,6, 22 (27); Ages. 7,1); [[ὑμεῖς]] οἱ καθ' ἕνα [[ἕκαστος]], ye [[severally]], [[every]] [[one]], אֶחָד, [[εἰς]] is [[put]] for the ordinal [[πρῶτος]], [[first]] (Winer's Grammar, § 37,1; Buttmann, 29 (26)): [[μία]] σαββάτων the [[first]] [[day]] of the week, L T Tr WH [[μία]] σαββάτου); (in Greek writings so used [[only]] [[when]] joined [[with]] [[other]] ordinal Numbers, as [[εἷς]] [[καί]] τριηκοστος, [[Herodotus]] 5,89: Diodorus 16. 71. [[Cicero]], de senect. 5 uno et octogesimo anna. (Cf. [[Sophocles]] Lexicon, [[under]] the [[word]])).