βίος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῐ], ὁ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[life]], i. e. not [[animal]] [[life]] ([[ζωή]]), but [[mode of life]] (cf. εἰ χρόνον τις λέγοι ψυχῆς ἐν κινήσει μετα βατικῇ ἐξ ἄλλου εἰς ἄλλον βίον ζωὴν εἶναι Plot.3.7.11), [[manner of living]] (mostly therefore of men, v. Ammon. p.32 V.; but also of animals, διεχώριζον ζῴων τε βίον δένδρων τε φύσιν Epicr.11.14, cf. X.''Mem.''3.11.6, etc.; also ζῆν φυτοῦ βίον Arist. ''GA''736b13); ζώεις δ' ἀγαθὸν βίον Od. 15.491; ἐμὸν βίον ἀμφιπολεύειν 18.254; αἰῶνα βίοιο Hes.''Fr.''161; τὸν μακρὸν τείνειν βίον A.''Pr.''537 (lyr.); ὁ καθ' ἡμέραν β. S.''OC''1364; βίον διαγαγεῖν Ar.''Pax'' 439; τελεῖν S.''Ant.''1114; [[διατελεῖν]] Isoc.6.45; <b class="b3">διέρχεσθαι βίου τέλος</b> dub.in Pi.''I.''4(3).5; τελευτᾶν Isoc.4.84; ὑπ' ἄλλου τελευτῆσαι β. Pl.''Lg.''870e; ἐπειδὰν τοῦ ἀνθρωπίνου βίου τελευτήσω X.''Cyr.''8.7.17; τέρμα βίου περᾶν S.''OT''1530; ὁδὸς βίου Isoc.1.5, cf. X.''Mem.''2.1.21; διὰ βίου Arist.''Pol.''1272a37; [[proverb|prov.]], [[ὁ ἐπὶ Κρόνου βίος]] '[[the Golden Age]]', Id.''Ath.''16.7; so [[Ταρτησσοῦ βίος]] Him.''Ecl.''10.11; βίος ζωῆς Pl.''Epin.''982a (cf. [[βιοτή]]); ζῆν θαλάττιον βίον Antiph.100; ἀμέριμνον ζῆν β. Philem.92.8; λαγὼ β. ζῆν δεδιὼς καὶ τρέμων D.18.263; σκληρὸς τῷ β. Men.''Georg.''66: rarely in plural, Alex.116.6 and ''ΙΙ'', Men.855; <b class="b3">τίνες καὶ πόσοι εἰσὶ β</b>.; Pl.''Lg.''733d, cf. Arist.''EN''1095b15, ''Pol.''1256a20.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in Poets sometimes = [[ζωή]], βίον ἐκπνέων A.''Ag.''1517 (lyr.); [[ἀποψύχειν]] S.''Aj.''1031; φείδεσθαι βίου Id.''Ph.''749; <b class="b3">νοσφίζειν τινὰ βίου</b> ib.1427, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[lifetime]], ἐς τὸν ἅπαντα ἀνθρώπων β. Hdt.6.109; τῶν ἐπὶ τοῦ σοῦ β. γεγονότων λόγων Pl.''Phdr.'' 242a, cf. ''PMagd.''18.7 (iii B. C.), etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[livelihood]], [[means of living]] (in Hom. [[βίοτος]]), βίος ἐπηετανός Hes.''Op.''31, Pi.''N.''6.10; <b class="b3">τὸν βίον κτᾶσθαι, ποιεῖσθαι, ἔχειν ἀπό τινος</b>, to make one's [[living]] off, to [[live]] by a thing, Hdt.8.106, Th.1.5, X.''Oec.''6.11; ἀπεστέρηκας τὸν βίον τὰ τόξ' ἑλών S.''Ph.''931, cf. 933, 1282; [[κτᾶσθαι]] πλοῦτον καὶ βίον τέκνοις E. ''Supp.''450; <b class="b3">πλείον' ἐκμοχθεῖν β</b>. ib.451; <b class="b3">β. πολύς</b> ib.861; ὀλίγος Ar. ''Pl.''751; βίον κεκτημένος Philem.99.4; <b class="b3">ὁ ἴδιος βίος</b> [[private]] [[property]], ''AJA''17.29 (i B. C.), cf. ''SIG''762.40, Iamb.''VP''30.170; <b class="b3">βίος Δημήτριος</b>, = [[corn]], A.''Fr.''44.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[the world we live in]], '[[the world]]', <b class="b3">οἱ ἀπὸ τοῦ βίου</b>, opp. [[the philosophers]], S.E.''M.''11.49; simply ὁ βίος Id.''P.''1.211; <b class="b3">ὁ βίος ὁ κοινός</b> ib. 237; μυθικὰς ὑποθέσεις ὧν μεστὸς ὁ βίος ἐστί Ph.1.226; <b class="b3">ἐκκαθαίρειν τὸν βίον</b>, of [[Hercules]], Luc.''DDeor.''13.1; <b class="b3">τὸν βίον μιμούμενοι</b>, of comic poets, Sch. Heph.p.115C.; also, 'the public', ἵνα ὁ β. εἰδῇ τίνα δεῖ μετακαλεῖσθαι Sor.1.4.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[settled life]], almost, = [[abode]], ἐν τῇ Θρᾳκίᾳ νήσῳ βίους ἱδρύσαντο D.H.1.68, cf. 72.<br><span class="bld">V</span> a [[life]], [[biography]], as those of Plu., ''Thes.''1, cf. Ph.2.180.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[caste]], διεῖλε τὸ πλῆθος εἰς τέτταρας β. Str.8.7.1.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> [[wine made from partly dried unripe grapes]], Plin.''HN''14.77.<br><span class="bld">VIII</span> Astrol., [[the second region]], Paul.Al.''L.''2. (Cf. Skt. jīv´s 'alive', jī΄vati 'live', Lat. [[vivus]], etc.)