ἐλαύνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Il.12.62, etc.: Ion. impf. ἐλαύνεσκον (ἀπ-) Hdt.7.119: fut. <b class="b3">ἐλάσω [ᾰ</b>], part.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἐλάσοντας X.''An.''7.7.55 codd., cf.D.H.2.36, (ἐξ-) Hp.''Loc.Hom.''46, ''Nat.Mul.''32 ([[ἐλάσσω]] (παρ-) is [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in Il.23.427, and [[ξυνελάσσομεν]] is subj. in Od.18.39); ἐλάω A.R.3.411; Att. [[ἐλῶ]], ἐλᾷς, ἐλᾷ, inf. [[ἐλᾶν]], also Hdt.1.207, etc., and so Hom. in the resolved form ἐλόω Il.13.315, Od.7.319: inf. [[ἐλάαν]] (though this is also inf. pres., v. infr.) Il.17.496, Od.5.290: aor. 1 [[ἤλᾰσα]], Ep. ἔλᾰσα Il.5.80, ἔλασσα 18.564, Ion. 3sg. ἐλάσασκεν 2.199: pf. ἐλήλᾰκα (ἀπ-, ἐξ-) X.''Cyr.''4.2.10, Ar.''Nu.''828: plpf. [[ἐληλάκειν]] (ἐξ-) Hdt.5.90:— Med. (v. infr. 1.2), fut. [[ἐλάσομαι]] (παρ-) dub. l. in Arr.''An.''3.30.3: aor. ἠλασάμην Il.11.682, rare in Att., as Pl.''Grg.''484b; 3sg. ἤλσατο Ibyc.55; Ep. <b class="b3">ἐλάσαιο, ἐλασαίατο, ἐλασσάμενος</b>, Od.20.51, Il.10.537, Od.4.637:—Pass., fut. [[ἐλασθήσομαι]] (ἐξ-) D.H.4.9: aor. <b class="b3">ἠλάθην</b> [ᾰ] E.''Heracl.''430, Ar.''Ec.''4; later ἠλάσθην ''AP''7.278 (Arch.), ''Sammelb.''997 (iv A.D.), (ἐξ-, συν-) Plb.8.24.9, 18.22.6, etc. (in Hdt. the Mss. vary between the two forms, ἐξελαθείς 7.165, ἀπηλάσθησαν 3.54): pf. ἐλήλαμαι Od.7.113, Hdt.7.84 (ἐξ-), etc.; ἐλήλασμαι Hp.''Mul.'' 2.133, Aen.Tact.31.4 (prob.), (ἐξ-) Plb.6.22.4, (συν-) A.D.''Conj.''233.30: plpf. ἠλήλατο Il.5.400; poet. also ἐλήλατο 4.135; 3pl. ἠλήλαντο Hes.''Sc.''143, also <b class="b3">ἐληλέδατ', ἐληλέατ', ἐληλάδατ'</b> vv.ll. in Od.7.86.— The pres. ἐλάω is rare and mainly Poet., imper. ἔλα Pi.''I.''5(4).38, A.''Fr.'' 332, E.''HF''819, ''Fr.''779.1 (also non-thematic 3pl. ἐλάντω ''SIG''1025.8 (Cos)): inf. ἐλᾶν Canthar.4, X.''HG''2.4.32: inf. [[ἐλάαν]] as Ep.inf.pres. is freq. in Hom. (v. infr.1.2): part. ἐλάουσα Emp.4.5: impf. 3pl. ἔλων Od.4.2, 3sg. ἔλαεν A.R.3.872; ἀπ-έλα X.''Cyr.''8.3.32; but <b class="b3">ἀπ-ήλαον</b> in Ar.''Lys.''1001 is prob. an error for <b class="b3">-ήλα'αν</b>, Dor. for <b class="b3">-ήλασαν</b>:—radic. sense, [[drive]], [[set in motion]], of driving flocks, εἰς εὐρὺ σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα Od.9.237; κακοὺς δ' ἐς μέσσον ἔλασσεν Il.4.299; aor. Med. [[ἠλασάμην]] in act. sense, 10.537, 11.682: freq. of horses, chariots, ships, [[drive]], [[ἐλάαν]] (inf. pres.) [[ἅρμα]] καὶ ἵππους 23.334; ἐς τὴν ἀγορὴν τὸ [[ζεῦγος]] Hdt. 1.59; <b class="b3">ἐλαύνω ἵππον</b> [[ride]] it, Id.4.64, al.; <b class="b3">κέλητας καὶ ἅρματα ἐλαύνω</b> [[ride]] and [[drive]], Id.7.86; <b class="b3">ἐλαύνω νῆα</b> [[row]] it, Od.12.109, etc.; <b class="b3">στρατὸν ἐλαύνω</b> Pi.''O.''10(11).66, Hdt. 1.176, 4.91, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> with acc. omitted, intr., [[go in a chariot]], [[drive]], <b class="b3">μάστιξεν δ' ἐλάαν</b> (''[[sc.]]'' ἵππους) he [[whip]]ped them [[on]], Il.5.366, al., cf. S.''El.''734,739; <b class="b3">βῆ δ' ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα</b> he drove on over the [[wave]]s, Il. 13.27; <b class="b3">διὰ νύκτα ἐλάαν</b> [[travel]] the [[night]] through, Od.15.50; <b class="b3">ἐς τὸ ἄστυ ἐλαύνω</b> [[drive]] into the city, Hdt.1.60; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ ζευγέων ἐλαύνω</b> ib.199; [[ride]], Id.7.88, X.''Eq.Mag.''3.9, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐλῶν ἐς Θρηΐκην</b> [[marching]]... Hdt.9.89, etc.; [[row]], [[μάλα]] [[σφοδρῶς]] ἐλάαν Od.12.124; [[ἐλαύνοντες]] = [[rower]]s, 13.22, etc.<br><span class="bld">c</span> in this intr. sense, it sometimes took an acc. loci, <b class="b3">γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν</b> to [[sail]] the [[calm]] [[sea]], i.e. over it, 7.319; so <b class="b3">τὰ ἕσπερα νῶτ' ἐλαύνω</b> E.''El.'' 731 (lyr.); also [[ἐλαύνειν δρόμον]] = [[run a course]], Ar.''Nu.''28; ὁδόν D.P. 586.<br><span class="bld">d</span> Pass., [νηῦς] ἐλαυνομένη = a [[ship]] [[under way]], Od.13.155 (but πλοῖα ὑπὸ σκληρῶν ἀνέμων ἐλαυνόμενα ''Ep.Jac.''3.4); <b class="b3">τὰ κατάντη ἐλαύνεσθαι</b>, of horses, to [[be ridden]] on [[steep]] [[ground]], X.''Eq.Mag.''8.3.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[drive away]], [[carry off]], in Hom. of stolen cattle or horses, βοῶν ἀρίστας Od.12.353; ἵππους Il.5.236; ἐ. ὅ τι δύναιντο X.''HG''4.8.18:—Med., Od.4.637, 20.51; ῥύσι' ἐλαυνόμενος Il.11.674, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[drive away]], [[expel]], ἐλαύνω [τινὰ] ἐκ δήμου 6.158; ἄνδρας ἀπ' Οἰνώνας Pi.''N.''5.16: freq. in Trag., ἐλαύνω τινὰ γῆς E.''Med.''70; <b class="b3">μύσος, μίασμα ἐλαύνω</b>, A.''Ch.''967 codd., ''Eu.'' 283 (Pass.), cf. S.''OT''98; <b class="b3">ἄγος ἐλαύνω</b>,= [[ἀγηλατέω]], Th.1.126; ἐλαύνω λῃστάς Ar.''Ach.''1188, etc.:—Pass., γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνομαι A.''Pr.''682.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[drive]] (to extremities), [[persecute]], [[plague]], <b class="b3">οἵ μιν ἄδην ἐλόωσι . . πολέμοιο</b> who will [[harass]] him till he has had [[enough]] of [[war]], Il.13.315; <b class="b3">ἔτι μέν μίν φημι ἄδην λάαν κακότητος</b> I [[think]] I [[shall]] [[persecute]] him till he has had enough, Od.5.290; θεὸς ἐλαύνει πόλιν S.''OT''28; Ἰωνίαν ἤλασεν βίᾳ A.''Pers.''771; μή τι δαιμόνιον τὰ πράγματα ἐλαύνῃ D.9.54; σὺ δ' ἀπειλεῖς πᾶσιν, ἐλαύνεις πάντας Id.21.135, cf. 173:—Pass., ἐλαυνομένων καὶ ὑβριζομένων Id.18.48; λύπῃ πᾶς ἐλήλαται κακῇ S.''Aj.''275; κακοῖς πρός τινος E.''Andr.''31; ὑπ' ἀνάγκης καὶ οἴστρου Pl.''Phdr.''240d; τὴν ψυχὴν ἐρωτικῇ μανίᾳ Ael.''NA''14.18; [[ἐλαύνεσθαι τὴν γνώμην]] = to [[be out of one's mind]], Philostr.''VS''2.27.5.<br><span class="bld">5</span> = [[βινέω]], Ar.''Ec.''39, Pl. Com.3.4.<br><span class="bld">6</span> intr. in expressions like [[ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν]] they [[drove it]] so far (where [[πρᾶγμα]] must be supplied), Hdt.5.50; ἐς πᾶσαν κακότητα Id.2.124; <b class="b3">εἰς κόρον ἐλαύνειν</b> [[push]] [[matter]]s till [[disgust]] ensued, Tyrt.11.10; <b class="b3">εἰς ἴσον</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[τισί]]) Onos.''Praef.''4: hence, [[push on]], [[go on]], ἐγγὺς μανιῶν E.''Heracl.''904 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἔξω τοῦ φρονεῖν</b> Id.*ba.853; [[πόρρω]] [[σοφία]]ς ἐλαύνω = [[go]] far in [[wisdom]] Pl.''Euthphr.''4b, cf. ''Grg.''486a, X.''Cyr.''1.6.39.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[strike]], ἐλάτῃσιν πόντον ἐλαύνοντες Il.7.6; κιθάραν πλήκτρῳ E.''HF''351 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[strike]] with a [[weapon]], but never with a [[missile]], τὸν σκήπτρῳ ἐλάσασκεν Il.2.199; ξίφει ἤλασε κόρσην 5.584; [[κόρυθος]] φάλον ἤλασεν 13.614; <b class="b3">ὀδόντας ἐλαύνω</b> [[knock out]], A.R.2.785: c. dupl. acc., <b class="b3">τὸν μὲν . . μεταδρομάδην ἔλασ' ὦμον</b> him he [[struck]] on... Il. 5.80; <b class="b3">χθόνα δ' ἤλασε παντὶ μετώπῳ</b> [[struck]] [[earth]] with his [[forehead]], of a [[falling]] [[man]], Od.22.94: c. acc. cogn., [[inflict]] a wound, οὐλὴν τήν ποτέ με σῦς ἤλασε 21.219:—Pass., c. acc. νῶτον ὄπισθ' αἰχμῇ δουρὸς ἐληλαμένος Tyrt.11.20; ἐλαύνεται εἰς τὸν μηρόν Luc.''Tox.''61.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[strike]] one thing against another, πρὸς γῆν ἐ. κάρη Od.17.237; of weapons, [[drive through]], διαπρὸ χαλκὸν ἔλασσε 22.295; [δόρυ] διὰ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε Il.5.57, cf. 20.269; ἤλασε Λυγκέος ἐν πλευραῖσι χαλκόν Pi.''N.''10.70:—Pass., [[go through]], Il.4.135, 13.595; to [[be fixed in]], ὀϊστὸς ὤμῳ ἐνὶ στιβαρῷ ἠλήλατο 5.400; διὰ [σφονδύλου] διαμπερὲς ἐληλάσθαι Pl.''R.''616e.<br><span class="bld">III</span> metaph.,<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[beat]] [[out]] [[metal]], [[forge]], ἀσπίδα . . ἣν ἄρα χαλκεὺς ἤλασεν Il.12.296; <b class="b3">πέντε πτύχας ἤλασε</b> [[beat out]] [[five]] [[plate]]s, 20.270; <b class="b3">περὶ δ' ἕρκος ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου</b> [[make]] a [[fence]] of [[beaten]] [[tin]] (with a play on signf. 2), 18.564; <b class="b3">εὐνὴ Ἡφαίστου χερσὶν ἐληλαμένη χρυσοῦ</b> a [[bed]] of [[beaten]] [[gold]], Mimn.12.6; <b class="b3">σίδηρος λεπτῶς ἐληλ</b>. Plu.''Cam.''41.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[draw a line of]] [[wall]], [[trench]], etc., ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν Il.7.450; ἀμφὶ δὲ τεῖχος ἔλασσε πόλει Od.6.9; σταυροὺς δ' ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε 14.11; τοῖχοι ἐληλέατ' 7.86; <b class="b3">τεῖχος τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν ἐλήλαται</b> the [[wall]] has its [[angle]]s carried [[down]] to the [[river]], Hdt.1.180, cf. 185,191; <b class="b3">ἐληλαμέναι πέρι πύργον</b> [[having]] a [[wall]] [[built]] [[round]], A.''Pers.''872 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν</b> [[work one's way]] down a [[ridge]] or [[swathe]] in [[reap]]ing or [[mow]]ing, Il.11.68; [[ἐλαύνειν]] [[αὖλαξ|αὔλακα]] Hes. ''Op.''443; <b class="b3">ἀμπελίδος ὄρχον ἐλαύνειν</b> to [[draw]] a [[line]] of [[vine]]s, i.e. [[plant]] them in [[line]], Ar.''Ach.''995: generally, [[plant]], [[produce]], ἐλᾷ τέσσαρας ἀρετὰς αἰών Pi.''N.''3.74.<br><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">κολῳὸν ἐλαύνειν</b> [[prolong]], [[keep up]] the [[brawl]], Il. 1.575.<br><span class="bld">4</span> ἐξ ὄσσων ἐς γαῖαν ἐ. δάκρυ E.''Supp.''96.