χώρα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. [[χώρη]], ἡ, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> = [[χῶρος]], [[space]] or [[room]] in which a thing [[is]], defined as [[partly occupied space]], distinguished from [[κενόν]] and [[τόπος]], Zeno Stoic. 1.26 (cf.2.163), <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">P.</span>3.124</span>; ποταγορεύοντι τὰν ὕλαν τόπον καὶ χώραν <span class="bibl">Ti.Locr.94b</span> (in ὁ [[τόπος]] τῆς χ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>705c</span> [[χώρα]] = [[country]] (cf. <span class="bibl">11.1</span>); so χώρας ἐν τόποις Λιβυστικοῖς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>292</span>); οὐδέ τι πολλὴ χώρη μεσσηγύς <span class="bibl">Il.23.521</span>; νόμισμα . . χώρας μεγάλης δέοιτ' ἄν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>7.5</span>; <b class="b3">χώραν τινὶ καταλιπεῖν</b> [[leave]] [[room]] for it, Plu.2.123f, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[place]], [[spot]], <b class="b3">στρέψεσθ' ἐκ χώρης ὅθι</b> . . <span class="bibl">Il.6.516</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.16.352</span>; ὀλίγῃ ἐνὶ χ. <span class="bibl">Il. 17.394</span>; <b class="b3">χώραν ἐκ χώρας μεταβάλλειν</b> move from [[place]] to [[place]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span> 181c</span>; [[field]] in a ceiling, <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).103.193, 106ii139 (Epid., iv B. C.); <b class="b3">ἡ πρώτη χ</b>. the first [[field]] (on the [[chest]] of [[Cypselus]]), <span class="bibl">Paus.5.17.6</span>; [[socket]] or [[cavity]] of a joint, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>79</span>, <span class="bibl">80</span>; of the eye, <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).121.76 (Epid., iv B. C.); as euphemism for the [[genital organs]], <span class="bibl">Hippiatr. 33</span>,<span class="bibl">71</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> the [[position]], [[proper]] [[place]] of a person or thing, ἐνὶ χώρῃ ἕζεται <span class="bibl">Il.23.349</span>: esp. a [[soldier]]'s [[post]], <b class="b3">Ἄρης οὐκ ἔνι χώρα</b> is not at his [[post]] (or perhaps in the [[land]], cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>524</span>) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>78</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">χώραν λιπεῖν, προλείπειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.126</span>, <span class="bibl">2.87</span>; <b class="b3">μισθοφορεῖν κεναῖς χ</b>. [[draw]] pay for [[unfilled]] [[vacancy|vacancies]], <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.146</span>; ἐπιγράψαι αὐτῷ τὴν χώραν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>14.88</span> (ii B. C.): later <b class="b3">τὴν χώραν τινὸς ἀποπληρῶσαι, ποιῆσαι</b>, fill a person's [[place]], POxy.136.15(vi A. D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMasp.</span>32.11</span> (vi A. D.): χώραν [[λαβεῖν]] = [[take]] a [[position]], [[find]] one's [[place]], <b class="b3">ἕως ἂν χώραν λάβῃ [τὰ πράγματα</b>] till they are brought into [[position]], into [[order]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>4.5.37</span>; οὐ διδοὺς ἑτέρῳ τόπον οὐδὲ χώραν διακονίας Plu.2.62d; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἂν ἔχοι χώραν νοήσεως ἡντινοῦν τὸ ἀγαθόν</b> the Good cannot have any [[possibility]] of [[thinking]], <span class="bibl">Plot.5.6.6</span>; <b class="b3">σοὶ ἀστρονομεῖν χ</b>. your [[province]] is [[astronomy]], <span class="bibl">Philostr. <span class="title">VA</span>5.15</span>; ἐν τοῖς ἀτέχνοις χώραν ἔχει τὸ αὐτόματον <span class="bibl">Eun.<span class="title">Hist.</span>p.225D.</span>: freq. in the phrase [[ὥρα καὶ χώρα]] = [[time]] and [[place]], ἐν ὁποία ἀξία φυτευθῆναι καὶ ὥρὰ καὶ χώρᾳ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hipparch.</span>225c</span>; ἐν ἄλλῃ καὶ χώρῃ <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Hum.</span> 14</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς ὥρας καὶ χώρας καὶ διαίτας</b> ib.<span class="bibl">16</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Aph.</span>3.3</span>; ἥ τε τοῦ ἔτους ὥρα καὶ χ. καὶ φύσις τοῦ θεραπευομένου σώματος Gal.18(2).399, cf. Alex. Trall.<span class="bibl">1.10</span>, <span class="bibl">Steph.<span class="title">in Hp.</span>1.161</span>, <span class="bibl">180</span> D. b. in metric, [[position]] of a foot in a verse, τὸ δακτυλικὸν δέχεται δακτύλους καὶ σπονδείους κατὰ πᾶσαν χ. <span class="bibl">Heph.7.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">8.1</span>; αἱ περιτταὶ χ. <span class="bibl">Id.5.1</span>,<span class="bibl">6.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> metaph., [[station]], [[place]], [[position]], <b class="b3">ἐν χώρᾳ τινὸς εἶναι</b> to be in his [[position]], be counted the same as he is, <b class="b3">ἐν ἀνδραπόδων</b> or <b class="b3">μισθοφόρου χώρᾳ εἶναι</b> to be in the [[position]] of slaves or mercenaries, to pass or rank as such, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.6.13</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.18</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν οὐδεμιᾷ χ. εἶναι</b> to have no [[place]] or [[rank]], be in no [[esteem]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>5.7.28</span>; οὗ μέλλει χώρην μηδεμίαν θέμεναι <span class="bibl">Thgn.152</span>; τούτων τοι χώρη . . ὀλίγη τελέθει <span class="bibl">Id.822</span>; τὰς μεγίστας χ. ἔχειν <span class="bibl">Plb.1.43.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> in senses <span class="bibl">3</span> and <span class="bibl">4</span> freq. with a Prep., <b class="b3">ἐκ χώρας ὁρμᾶν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">πορευόμενος μάχεσθαι</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.33</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς τὰς ἑαυτῶν χ. πάρεισι</b> are at their [[post]]s, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.2.4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc. 15.57</span>; εἰς τὰς τῶν λοχαγῶν χ. καταστήσεσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.23</span>; [[ἐν χώρᾳ]] = [[in one's place]], [[at one's post]], ἐν ταῖς χ. γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>4.8.15</span>; [[ἐν χώρᾳ πίπτειν]], [[ἐν χώρᾳ ἀποθνῄσκειν]], [[die at one's post]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HG</span>4.2.20</span>, <span class="bibl">8.39</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ χώρας ἕσσαι</b> [[set it in its place]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.273</span>; also <b class="b3">μένειν ἐπὶ χώρας</b>, = [[μένειν κατὰ χώραν]], [[remain in force]], <span class="title">OGI</span>90.16 (Rosetta, ii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>183.9</span> (i A. D.); <b class="b3">κατὰ χώρην εἶναι</b> [[be in one's place]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.135</span>; [φόροι] κατὰ χώρην διατελέουσι ἔχοντες <span class="bibl">Id.6.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>367</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ra.</span>793</span>; κατὰ χώρην [[μένειν]] <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.95</span>, <span class="bibl">8.108</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>1354</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.4.26</span>; <b class="b3">ἤλπιζον . . οὐ μενεῖν κατὰ χώρην τὰ πράγματα</b> ib.<span class="bibl">76</span>; μένει τὸ ὅρκιον κατὰ χώρην [[as it was]], [[undisturbed]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.201</span>; <b class="b3">ἐᾶν κατὰ χώραν τὴν πόλιν</b> [[leave in its place]], [[leave as it was]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.5.6</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.17</span>; κατὰ χώραν μένειν τοὺς ἄλλους [νόμους] ἐᾶν <span class="bibl">D.24.5</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ χ. ἀπιέναι</b> retire in their old [[order]], <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">An.</span>6.4.11</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[land]], viz., </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> a [[land]], [[country]], ἅς τινας ἵκεο χώρας ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">Od.8.573</span>; ἡ χώρα ἡ Ἀττική <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.13</span>; ἐμπορεύεσθαι εἰς τὴν χώραν <span class="title">IG</span>12.57.21, cf. 63.22, al.: freq. in Trag., Ἑλλάδα χώραν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>271</span> (lyr.); Εὐβοῖδα χ. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>74</span>, etc.; [[territory]], <b class="b3">ὁ τύραννος ἢ πόλεων ἢ χ. πολλῆς [ἐπιθυμεῖ</b>] <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Hier.</span>4.7</span>: pl., <span class="title">OGI</span>54.11 (Adule, iii B. C.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[landed estate]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.4.28</span>, <span class="bibl">8.6.4</span>. b. [[country town]], τοὺς κήρυκας διαπέμψαντες ἐς τὰς χ. <span class="title">Schwyzer</span>688<span class="title">B</span>8 (Chios, v B. C.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> the [[country]], opp. to the [[town]], ἡ [[πόλις]] καὶ ἡ χώρα <span class="bibl">Lycurg. 1</span>; τὰ ἐκ τῆς χώρας <span class="bibl">Th.2.5</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.6.11</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ ἐκ τῆς χ. γιγνόμενος σῖτος</b> ib.<span class="bibl">13</span>; οἱ ἐν τῇ χ. ἐργάται <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hier.</span>10.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ κοιταῖον γίγνεσθαι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἐν ἄστει</b>, Decr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.18.37</span>; <b class="b3">ἁ κοινὰ χ</b>. (of two cities) <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).77.2 (Epid., ii B. C.): especially of Egypt as opp. [[Alexandria]], <span class="title">OGI</span>56.5 (Canopus, iii B. C.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PHib.</span>1.27.167</span> (iii B. C.), etc. (but in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>5.98</span> (ii B. C.) <b class="b3">ἐν τῇ Ἀλεξα (νδρέων) χ</b>. means 'in Alexandria'); <b class="b3">ἡ ἄνω χώρα καὶ ἡ κάτω</b>, Upper and Lower Egypt, <span class="title">OGI</span>90.46 (Rosetta, ii B. C.), cf. Wilcken <span class="title">Chr.</span>109.9 (iii B. C.).—[[χῶρος]] is another form: in signf. 11 [[χώρα]] alone is used in Att.; whereas in signf. 1 [[χῶρος]] is common, exc. in the special sense of one's proper [[place]] or [[post]] ([[χῶρος]] and [[χώρα]] perhaps cogn. with [[χῆρος]], [[χῆτος]]).</span>