φεύγω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Il.21.472, etc.: Ep. inf. [[φευγέμεν]], [[φευγέμεναι]], 10.147, 21.13; impf.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἔφευγον 22.158, etc., Poet. φεῦγον 9.478, Tyrt.5.8, Pi.''N.'' 9.13: iter. φεύγεσκον Il.17.461, Hdt.4.43: fut. φεύξομαι Il.18.307, etc.; also [[φευξοῦμαι]] in E. and Com., E.''Med.''341, 346, ''Hel.''500,1041, ''Ba.''659, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''203 (cod. R), 1129, ''Pl.''447, ''Av.''932 ([[ἀποφεύγω]]), Men. 283 (but dub. where found in Att. Prose, Pl.''Lg.''635c, al., D.38.19; [[φευξεῖται]] is dub. l. in ''IPE''12.24.11 (Olbia, iv B. C.); fut. Act. <b class="b3">ἐκ-φεύξω</b> only late, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Aesop.349b, cf. Chambry ii p.479): aor. ἔφῠγον, Ion.φύγεσκον Od.17.316: pf. πέφευγα Hdt.7.154 codd. (v. infr.11.1a); opt. πεφεύγοι Il.21.609 (ἐκ-πεφευγοίην S.''OT''840), part. πεφευγότες Od.1.12; part. pf. Pass. [[πεφυγμένος]] in act. sense, Il.6.488, Od.1.18, etc. (in pass. sense, Epicur.''Fr.''423); Ep. [[πεφυζότες]] (cf. [[φύζα]]) Il.21.6,528, 532, 22.1, later sg. πεφυζώς Nic.''Th.''128; Aeol. [[πεφύγγων]], v. [[φυγγάνω]]:—Med., <b class="b3">μὴ φεύγησθε</b> Anon.Hist. in ''PLit.Lond.''115: aor. 1 <b class="b3">διαφεύξασθαι</b> Decr.Ath. in Hp.''Ep.''25.<br><span class="bld">I</span> abs., [[flee]], [[take flight]], opp. [[διώκω]], Il.22.157, etc.; βῆ φεύγων ἐπὶ πόντον 2.665; πῇ φεύγεις; 8.94; πόσε φεύγετε; 16.422; ποῖ φύγωμεν.. χθονός; A.''Supp.''777 (lyr.); ποῖ τις οὖν φύγῃ; [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''403 (lyr.); ἐνθένδε ἐκεῖσε φ. Pl.''Tht.''176b: with Preps., φ. ἀπό τινος Od.12.120; φεύξονται ἀφ' ἑαυτῶν εἰς φιλοσοφίαν Pl.''Tht.''168a, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐκ πολέμοιο, ἐκ θανάτοιο</b>, Il.7.118, 20.350; ἐκ κακῶν πεφευγέναι S.''Ant.''437, cf. Hdt.1.65; ὑπὲκ κακοῦ Il.15.700, cf. 17.461 (rarely c. gen. only, <b class="b3">πεφυγμένος ἦεν ἀέθλων</b> (v. infr. ''ΙΙ'') Od.1.18; τῆς νόσου πεφευγέναι S.''Ph.''1044); φ. ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν Il. 2.140, 159, al.; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ Σάρδεων, ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑλικῶνα</b>, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.2.1, ''Ages.'' 2.11; πρὸς τὸ ὄρος Id.''HG''3.5.19; ὑπὸ γᾶν A.''Eu.''175 (lyr.); ὑπὸ δελφῖνος ἰχθύες φ. Il.21.23, cf. 554 (cf. infr. 111.2): c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">φύγε λαιψηρὸν δρόμον</b> [[ran]] the course full swiftly, Pi.''P.''9.121; τίνα φυγὴν φευξούμεθα; E.''Hel.''1041; <b class="b3">φ. τὴν παρὰ θάλασσαν</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὁδόν]]) [[flee]] by the shore route, Hdt.4.12; cf. infr. ''III''; for <b class="b3">φυγῇ φεύγειν</b>, v. infr. 11.1, φυγή 1.1.<br><span class="bld">2</span> pres. and impf. tenses prop. express only the [[purpose]] or [[endeavour]] to [[get away]]: hence part. [[φεύγων]] is added to the compd. Verbs [[καταφεύγω]], [[ἐκφεύγω]], [[προφεύγω]], to [[distinguish]] the [[attempt]] from the [[accomplishment]], <b class="b3">βέλτερον, ὃς φεύγων προφύγῃ κακὸν ἠὲ ἁλώῃ</b> it is better that one should [[flee]] [[and]] [[escape]] than [[stay]] and [[be caught]], Il.14.81; φεύγων ἐκφεύγει Hdt.5.95, cf. [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''177; φ. καταφυγεῖν Hdt.4.23.<br><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">φ. εἰς</b>.. [[have recourse]] to.. [[take refuge]] in... ἐς τοὺς ἀφώνους μάρτυρας E.''Hipp.''1076.<br><span class="bld">4</span> c. inf., [[shun]] or [[shrink]] [[from]] doing, Hdt.4.76, Antipho 1.13, Pl.''Ap.''26a; with inf. omitted, φεύγουσι γάρ τοι χοἱ θρασεῖς [[shrink back]], S.''Ant.'' 580.<br><span class="bld">II</span> c. acc., [[flee]], [[avoid]], [[escape]], Ἕκτορα Il.11.327, etc.; φ. τινὰ ἐκ μάχης Hdt.7.104; φ. ἐς τὴν Ἀσίην τοὺς Σκύθας Id.4.12; φ. θάνατον Il.1.60; ἔνθ' ἄλλοι μὲν πάντες, ὅσοι φύγον αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον, οἴκοι ἔσαν πόλεμόν τε πεφευγότες ἠδὲ θάλασσαν Od.1.11; <b class="b3">ἔφυγον κακόν, εὗρον ἄμεινον</b>, formula used by [[μύσται]], D.18.259; with modal dat., <b class="b3">φ. ὄνειδος λόγοις, ἀμαχανίαν ἔργῳ</b>, Pi.''O.''6.90, ''P.''9.92; [[avoid]], [[shun]], χρὴ.. φεύγειν τὰ παχύνοντα Gal.''Vict.Att.''12; τὴν ἀργίαν καὶ τὴν ἀκινησίαν τοῦ σώματος Sor.1.93, cf. 46, al.; <b class="b3">φόνον φ.</b> [[flee the consequences of]] the murder, E.''Med.''796; αἷμα συγγενὲς φ. χθονός Id.''Supp.''148; τὰν Διὸς μῆτιν φ. A.''Pr.''906 (lyr.); ὀσμὴν... μὴ βάλῃ, πεφευγότες S.''Ant.''412; φεύγων φυγῇ τὸ γῆρας [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 195b; ἐς πόντον.. φύγε πέτρας νηῦς Od. 10.131; <b class="b3">οὐδεμία [πόλις] πέφευγε</b> (sed fort. leg. [[ἀπέφυγε]]) <b class="b3"> δουλοσύνην πρὸς Ἱπποκράτεος</b> at the hands of... Hdt.7.154: part. pf. Pass. also retains the acc. in Hom. in periphrastic phrases, μοῖραν δ' οὔ τινά φημι πεφυγμένον ἔμμεναι ἀνδρῶν Il.6.488; πεφυγμένον ἔμμεν ὄλεθρον Od.9.455; οὔ οἱ νῦν ἔτι γ' ἔστι πεφυγμένον ἄμμε γενέσθαι Il.22.219, cf. ''h.Ven.'' 34:—but in pass. sense, <b class="b3">τὸ πάραυτα πεφυγμένον κακόν</b> Epicur.l.c.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[seek to avoid]], [[shirk]], στρατείαν D.21.162; εἰ τοῦτο φεύξονται καὶ μὴ 'θελήσουσι ποιεῖν Id.20.138; so in aor., ἢν φύγῃ τις, ζημιοῦν [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]'' 717.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of things, ἡνίοχον φύγον ἡνία [[escaped]], [[slipped from his hands]], Il.23.465; Νέστορα δ' ἐκ χειρῶν φύγον ἡνία 8.137, cf. 11.128; <b class="b3">τὸ φεῦγον</b> the [[part which slips]], X.''Eq.'' 10.9, cf. Hp.''Off.''9, Gal.18(2).735: c. dupl. acc., ποῖόν σε ἔπος φύγεν ἕρκος ὀδόντων Il.4.350, Od.1.64, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of wine, '[[go off]]', [[turn sour]], Gp.7.7.8.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[flee one's country]], Il. 9.478, Od.13.259; <b class="b3">οἱ φεύγοντες</b> the [[exiles]], Th.1.24, X.''Ages.''7.6; πατρίδα φ. Od.15.228, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.1.24; τὴν αὑτοῦ Th.5.26; ἅπασαν τὴν Ἀθηναίων ξυμμαχίδα ''IG''12.10.30; φ. ἐξ Ἄργεος Od.15.224, cf. Th.8.85; <b class="b3">ἐξ Ἀθηνέων, ἐκ τῆς πατρίδος</b>, Hdt.6.103, X.''An.''1.3.3.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">φ. ὑπὸ Σκυθέων</b> to [[be expelled]], [[driven out]] by.. Hdt.4.125: but esp. to [[be exiled]], φ. ὑπὸ τοῦ δήμου Id.5.30, X.''HG''1.1.27; <b class="b3">φ. ἐξ Ἀρείου πάγου</b> by their sentence, Din.1.44: also c. acc., φ. Πεισιστρατίδας Hdt. 5.62.<br><span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[go into exile]], [[live in banishment]], A.''Ag.''1668 (troch.), Antipho 2.2.9, Pl.''Mx.''242b; δύο ἔτη φευγέτω Id.''Lg.''867c; <b class="b3">φ. ἀειφυγίαν</b> to [[be banished]] for [[life]], ib. 871d, al.; φεόγειν Ἀμφίπολιν ἀειφυγίην ''SIG''194.3, cf. 24 (Amphipolis, iv B. C.); but also ἐν ἀειφυγίᾳ Pl.''Lg.'' 877e; φεύγων ἀπ' οἴκων ἃς ἐγὼ φεύγω φυγάς E.''Andr.''976; [[φεύγοντες]] [[being in exile]], opp. φυγόντες [[having gone into exile]], Lys.14.33; with play on words, "<b class="b3">μέχρι τίνος φεύξῃ, Ἀρκαδίων; καὶ ὅς, ἔς τ' ἂν τοὺς ἀφίκωμαι οἳ οὐκ ἴσασι Φίλιππον</b>" Duris 3 J.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> as law-term (mostly in pres. and impf., but cf. Lys.12.4 (v. infr.)), to [[be accused]] or [[be prosecuted at law]]: <b class="b3">ὁ φεύγων</b> the [[accused]], [[defendant]], Ar.''V.''893, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 405b, etc.; opp. διώκω, οὔτε φεύγων ἁλοὺς οὔτε διώκων ἡττηθείς D.23.66; c. acc., <b class="b3">φ. γραφάς, δίκην</b>, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''442 (lyr.), ''Nu.''167; ὑπό τινος δίκας φ. Pl.''Ap.'' 19c, cf. D.49.1; οὐδενὶ πώποτε οὔτε ἡμεῖς οὔτε ἐκεῖνος δίκην οὔτε ἐδικασάμεθα οὔτε ἐφύγομεν Lys. l. c.; φ. ἀπολογίας Aeschin.3.201; the crime being added in gen., φόνου δίκην φ. Antipho 5.9; γραφὰς φ. παρανόμων D.18.235; more freq. c. gen. only, <b class="b3">φ. φόνου</b> to [[be charged with]] murder, Lys.10.31, Lycurg.133, etc.; φ. δειλίας Ar. ''Ach.''1129; ξενίας Id.''V.''718 (anap.); with [[genitive]] of the penalty, ἐὰν.. φεύγῃ δεσμῶν ''OGI''218.92 (Ilium, iii B. C.); also περὶ θανάτου φ. Antipho 5.95; φ. ἐπὶ μηνύσει τινός And.1.18; <b class="b3">ἀσεβείας φ. ὑπό τινος</b> [[is accused of]] impiety by... Pl.''Ap.''35d; rarely of things, <b class="b3">τὸ φεῦγον ψήφισμα</b> the [[decree]] that is on its [[defence]], the [[decree]] in [[question]], D.23.58:—in Hdt.7.214 <b class="b3">αἰτίην φ.</b> has the older sense, [[flee]] [[from]] a [[charge]], [[quit]] one's [[country]] on [[account]] of a [[charge]].<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[plead]] in [[defence]], <b class="b3">δεῖ τοί σε φεύγειν.. ὡς οὐκ ἔχουσι κῦρος [οἱ νόμοι]</b> A.''Supp.''390; <b class="b3">ἔφευγε μὴ εἰδέναι</b> [[pleaded]] ignorance, S.''Ant.''263, (Cf. Lat. [[fugio]], Goth. [[biugan]] 'bend', etc.)