ἅμα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰμ], Dor. ἁμᾶ, [[quod vide|q.v.]]: (v. sub fin.): <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> Adv. [[at once]], [[at the same time]], mostly of [[time]], freq. added to τε . . καί, ἅμ' οἰμωγή τε καὶ εὐχωλή <span class="bibl">Il.8.64</span>; ἅ. τ' ὠκύμορος καὶ ὀϊζυρός <span class="bibl">1.417</span>; σέ θ' ἅ. κλαίω καὶ ἐμέ <span class="bibl">24.773</span>; σαυτόν θ' ἅ. κἀμέ <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>772</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">119</span>; ἄνους τε καὶ γέρων ἅ. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>281</span>:—with [[καί]] only, ἅ. πρόσσω καὶ ὀπίσσω <span class="bibl">Il.3.109</span>; with τε . . τε, χειρῶν τε βίης θ' ἅ. ἔργον ἔφαινον <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>677</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἅ. μέν . . ἅ. δέ . .</b>, <b class="b2">partly . . partly . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>115d</span>, X <span class="title">HG</span>3.1.3:—ἅ. τε . . καὶ ἅ. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Grg.</span>497a</span>; ἅμ' ἡδέως ἔμοιγε κἀλγεινῶς ἅμα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ant.</span>436</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in Prose <b class="b3">ἅ. δέ . . καί... ἅ. τε . . καί... ἅ. . . καί</b> . . may often be translated by <b class="b2">no sooner . . than . .</b>, ἅ. δὲ ταῦτα ἔλεγε καὶ ἀπεδείκνυε <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.112</span>; ταῦγά τε ἅμα ἠγόρευε καὶ πέμπει <span class="bibl">8.5</span>; ἅ. ἀκηκόαμέν τε καὶ τριηράρχους καθίσταμεν <span class="bibl">D.4.36</span>; ἅ. διαλλάττονται καὶ τῆς ἔχθρας ἐπιλανθάνονται <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.157</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b3">ἅ. μῦθος ἔην, τετέλεστο δὲ ἔργον</b> 'no sooner said than done', <span class="bibl">Il.19.242</span>; ἅ. ἔπος τε καὶ ἔργον ἐμήδετο <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>46</span>; ταῦτα εἶπε καὶ ἅ. ἔπος τε καὶ ἔργον ἐποίεε <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.134</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.92</span>: [[proverb|prov.]], ἅμ' ἔπος ἅμ' ἔργον <span class="bibl">Diogenian.1.36</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">c</span> with part. and finite Verb in same sense, βρίζων ἅ. . . ἐξήμελξας εὐτραφὲς γάλα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>897</span>; <b class="b3">ἅ. εἰπὼν ἀνέστη</b> [[as soon as]] he had done speaking, he stood up, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.47</span>; <b class="b3">τῆς ἀγγελίας ἅ. ῥηθείσης ἐπεβοήθουν</b> [[as soon as]] news was brought they assisted, <span class="bibl">Th.2.5</span>; ἅ. γιγνόμενοι λαμβάνομεν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phd.</span>76c</span>; ἡμῖν ἅ. ἀναπαυομένοις ὁ παῖς ἀναγνώσεται <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>143b</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> ἅ. μέν . . ἔτι δέ . . <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.4.3</span>; ἅ. μέν . . πρὸς δέ . . <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.51</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[together]], [[at once]], [[both]], without direct ref. to time, <b class="b3">ἅ. πάντες</b> or πάντες ἅ. <span class="bibl">Il.1.495</span>, al.; ἅ. ἄμφω <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span>15</span>; ἅ. κρατερὸς καὶ ἀμύμων <span class="bibl">Od.3.111</span>, etc.: of [[place]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Metaph.</span>1028b27</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> with [[σύν]] or [[μετά]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>717</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Criti.</span>110a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> abs. with Verb, [[at one and the same time]], αἱ πᾶσαι [νῆες] ἅ. ἐγίγνοντο ἐν ἑνὶ θέρει σ καὶ ν <span class="bibl">Th.3.17</span>, cf. [[οὐχ]] ἅ. ἡ κτῆσις παραγίγνεται <span class="bibl">D.23.113</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">B</span> Prep. with dat. (freq. with part. added), [[at the same time with]], [[together with]], <b class="b3">ἅμ' ἠοῖ φαινομένηφι</b> [[at]] dawn, <span class="bibl">Il.9.682</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ἅ. ἕῳ, ἅ. ἕῳ γιγνομένῃ</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.48</span>, <span class="bibl">4.32</span>; <b class="b3">ἅμ' ἠελίῳ ἀνιόντι</b> or [[καταδύντι]] [[at]] sunrise or sunset, <span class="bibl">Il.18.136</span>,<span class="bibl">210</span>, al.; ἅμ' ἡμέρῃ διαφωσκούσῃ <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.86</span>, al.; ἅμ' ἡμέρᾳ <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>78</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.94</span>, etc., Att.; <b class="b3">ἅμ' ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ</b> or <b class="b3">ἅ. ἦρι</b> [[at]] beginning of spring, <span class="bibl">Th.5.20</span>, <span class="bibl">2.2</span>, etc.; ἅ. κήδεϊ κεκάρθαι τὰς κεφαλάς <b class="b2">during the time of . .</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.36</span>; ἅ. τειχισμῷ <span class="bibl">Th.7.20</span>; ἅμα τῷ διαυγάζειν <span class="bibl">Plb.3.104.5</span> (without Art. <b class="b3">ἅμα εὑρεθῆναι</b> Ps.-Plu.<span class="title">Fluv.</span>23.2). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[together with]], ἅ. τινὶ στείχειν <span class="bibl">Il.16.257</span>; ὀπάσσαι <span class="bibl">24.461</span>, al.; Ἑλένην καὶ κτήμαθ' ἅμ' αὐτῇ <span class="bibl">3.458</span>; <b class="b3">ἅ. πνοιῇς ἀνέμοιο</b> [[keeping pace with]] the wind, <span class="bibl">Od.1.98</span>; repeated, ἅμ' αὐτῷ . . ἅμ' ἕποντο <span class="bibl">11.371</span>; οἱ ἅ. Θόαντι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.138</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.7.57</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> rarely c. gen., <span class="bibl">Herod.4.95</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>903</span> (iv A. D.), Pythag.<span class="title">Sim.</span>28, <span class="bibl">Olymp.Hist. p.453</span> D.; dub. in <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">Char.</span>6.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">C</span> Conj., [[as soon as]], ἅ. ἂν ἡβήσῃ τις τῶν ὀρφανῶν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>928c</span>, cf. Lex ap.<span class="bibl">D.46.20</span>; ἅ. κα διεξέλθῃ ὁ χρόνος <span class="title">GDI</span>2160 (Delph., ii B. C.). (Root <b class="b2">sṃ-</b>, cf. A α 11.)</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: prep., adv.<br />Meaning: [[at the same time (with)]], [[together (with)]] (Il.).<br />Dialectal forms: Dor. [[ἁμᾶ]], orig. instrum., s. Schwyzer 550. [[ἀμεῖ]] loc. Delphi. <b class="b3">ἁμάκις· ἅπαξ</b>, [[Κρῆτες]] H.; Tarent. [[ἁμάτις]] H.<br />Compounds: [[ἁμάμηλίς]] plant growing in the same time as the apple-tree, [[medlar]], = [[ἐπιμηλίς]].<br />Derivatives: [[ἄμυδις]] (Aeol.) [[together]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [902] <b class="b2">*sem-</b> [[one]]<br />Etymology: Prob. the zero grade of the root <b class="b2">*sem-</b>, <b class="b2">*som-</b> in [[εἷς]], [[ὁμός]]; perhaps <b class="b2">*sm̥h₂-</b>, s. on [[ὁμός]]. On the <b class="b3">-α</b> s. Schwyzer 622: 8; cf. Ruijgh on <b class="b3">κάρτ-α</b>, FS Leroy 1980,189ff. Vgl. 2. [[ἀμάομαι]].<br />See also: [[ἄμαξα]]