ἐγγύς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῠ], Adv., Comp. [[ἐγγυτέρω]] <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> (-τέρῳ <span class="title">Hell.Oxy.</span>6.3), also -ύτερον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>704e</span>: Sup. [[ἐγγυτάτω]] or -ύτατα (first in Hp., and Att.); also [[ἔγγῑον]], [[ἔγγιστα]] (v. [[ἐγγίων]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> of [[place]], [[near]], [[nigh]], [[at hand]]: freq. in Hom., ἐ. γὰρ νυκτός τε καὶ ἤματός εἰσι κέλευθοι <span class="bibl">Od.10.86</span>: c. gen., [[hard by]], [[near to]]; so <b class="b3">λύπας ἐγγυτέρω</b> [[nearer to]] grief, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1217</span>: c. dat., <span class="bibl">Il.11.340</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>37</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγγὺς ὁδῷ</b> dub. in <span class="title">IG</span>12.974: mostly with Verbs of rest, <b class="b3">ἐ. ἑστάναι, παρεστάναι</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>686</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>65</span>; but ἐ. χωρεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Th.</span>59</span>: c. gen., οἱ ἐγγυτάτω τῆς ἀγορᾶς κατεσκευασμένοι <span class="bibl">Lys.24.20</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> of [[time]], [[nigh at hand]], <span class="bibl">Il.22.453</span>; ἐ. ἡμῖν ὁ ἀγών <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.3.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> of Numbers, etc., [[nearly]], ἔτεσι ἐ. εἴκοσι <span class="bibl">Th.6.5</span>; μισθὸς ἐ. ἐνιαυτοῦ <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>3.1.28</span>: generally, [[nearly]], [[almost]], ἐ. ἔγνως S.<span class="title">Ichn.</span>301; <b class="b3">οὐδ' ἐ. τινος</b> not [[nearly]], i. e. not [[by a great deal]], nothing [[like]] it, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>198b</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχει οὐχ οὕτω ταῦτα οὐδ' ἐ</b>. not so . . nor yet [[nearly so]], <span class="bibl">D.21.30</span>; οὐκ ἐποίουν τοῦτο, οὐδ' ἐ. <span class="bibl">Id.18.96</span>; [[mostly]], Hp.<span class="title">Mochl.</span>34. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> of Qualities, [[coming near]], ἐ. τι καὶ παραπλήσιον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>520a</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγγύτατα τοῦ νῦν τρόπου, τῆς ξυμπάσης γνώμης</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.13</span>,<span class="bibl">22</span>; ὅτι ἐγγύτατα τούτων <span class="bibl">Id.7.86</span>; κοινῇ δὲ πᾶσιν οὐδεὶς ἐγγυτέρω <span class="bibl">D.18.288</span>; δοκεῖς δηλῶσαι ἐγγύτατα τὴν ῥητορικήν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>452e</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. εἶναι</b>, c. gen., <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>116b</span>; ἐ. τυφλῶν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span> 508c</span>; <b class="b3">ἐ. τι τείνειν τοῦ τεθνάναι</b> [[very near]] death, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phd.</span>65a</span>; κακῶς παθεῖν ἐγγύτατα <span class="bibl">D.21.123</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> of Relationship, [[akin to]], οἱ Ζηνὸς ἐ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>162</span>; <b class="b3">ἐγγυτέρω γένει</b> or [[γένους]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>30a</span>, <span class="bibl">Is.3.72</span>; ἐγγύτατα γένους <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>388</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.<span class="title">Fr.</span>41</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span>304d</span>; ἐγγυτάτω γένους <span class="title">IG</span>12.77, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Av.</span>1666</span>.</span>

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adv.<br />Meaning: [[near]] (in space and time; Il.).<br />Other forms: Comp. and superl. [[ἐγγυτέρω]], <b class="b3">-τάτω</b> (<b class="b3">-ύτερον</b>, <b class="b3">-ύτατα</b>), also [[ἔγγιστα]], [[ἔγγιον]] (see Seiler Steigerungsformen 107ff.); late adj. [[ἐγγύτερος]], <b class="b3">-τατος</b> (LXX; Schwyzer 534 n. 5).<br />Derivatives: [[ἐγγύθι]] [[nearby]] (Il.), [[ἐγγύθεν]] [[from nearby]] (Il.); [[ἐγγύτης]] f. [[nearness]] (A. D.); <b class="b3">ἐγγύδιον ἔγγιον</b>, [[πλησίον]], [[προσῆκον]] H. (after the diminutives in <b class="b3">-ύδιον</b>); denomin. [[ἐγγίζω]] [[come near]], tr. [[approach]] (Arist., hell.).<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Adverb in <b class="b3">-ς</b> as [[εὑθύς]], [[ἅλις]] etc. (Schwyzer 620). Because of Lat. [[comminus]] one wants to see, with Bezzenberger BB 4, 321 n. 1 (s. also Adontz Mélanges Boisacq 1, 11) in [[ἐγγύς]] an old word for [[hand]], also seen in [[ἐγγύη]], <b class="b3">-άω</b>. The first syllable seems the prep. (adv.) [[ἐν]], but further interpretation is uncertain. - Schwyzer 620 n. 3 proposes (hesitantly) the explanation [[the hands together]] with [[ἐν]] from [[ἕν]] to Lat. [[sem-el]] etc., s. [[εἷς]]. Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 47 (to [[βαίνω]] as "colui che va innanzi". This may well be correct. The second element will be the neuter = absol. of the root <b class="b2">*gʷeu-</b> [[to go]], "en allant vers, au milieu"; cf. [[μεσσηγυ]] De Lamberterie (1990)326-37.

|ftr='''ἐγγύς''': {eggús}<br />'''Forms''': Komp. und Superl. ἐγγυτέρω, -τάτω (-ύτερον, -ύτατα), auch [[ἔγγιστα]], [[ἔγγιον]] (vgl. Seiler Steigerungsformen 107ff. mit weiteren Einzelheiten); spätes Adjektiv [[ἐγγύτερος]], -τατος (LXX u. a.; Schwyzer 534 A. 5).<br />'''Grammar''': Adv.<br />'''Meaning''': [[nahe]] (von Raum und Zeit; seit Il.).<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: [[ἐγγύθι]] [[in der Nähe]] (ep. seit Il.), [[ἐγγύθεν]] [[aus]], [[in der Nähe]] (seit Il.); [[ἐγγύτης]] f. [[Nähe]] (A. D., Str. usw.); [[ἐγγύδιον]]· [[ἔγγιον]], [[πλησίον]], προσῆκον H. (nach den Deminutiva auf -ύδιον); denominatives Verb [[ἐγγίζω]] [[sich nähern]], tr. [[nähern]] (Arist., hell.).<br />'''Etymology''': Adverbiale Bildung auf -ς wie [[εὐθύς]], [[ἅλις]] usw. (Schwyzer 620); die ursprüngliche Funktion des -ς (Nominativ?) ist strittig. Wegen lat. ''comminus'' ist man geneigt, mit Bezzenberger BB 4, 321 A. 1 (s. auch Adontz Mélanges Boisacq 1, 11) in [[ἐγγύς]] ein altes Wort für [[Hand]] zu sehen, das auch in [[ἐγγύη]], -άω vermutet wird. Die Anfangssilbe scheint die Präp. (das adverb) ἐν zu enthalten, aber die nähere Deutung des Kompositums bleibt ungewiß. — Schwyzer 620A. 3 schlägt (zögernd) die Erklärung [[die Hände zusammen]] vor mit ἐν aus ἕν zu lat. ''sem''-''el'' usw., s. [[εἷς]]. Nach Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 47 zu [[βαίνω]] als "colui che va innanzi" (?). Andere, ebenfalls unbefriedigende Versuche bei Bq. — Vgl. [[μεσσηγύ]].<br />'''Page''' 1,437