ἔπος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=older [[ϝέπος]] SIG9 (v. infr.), etc., εος, τό (Skt.<br><span class="bld">A</span> vácas '[[word]]', '[[hymn]]', cf. [[εἶπον]]):<br><span class="bld">I</span> [[word]], [[παύρῳ ἔπει]] = [[in short utterance]], Pi.O. 13.98; ἐπέων κόσμος Parm.8.52, Democr.21; ἔπους σμικροῦ χάριν S. OC443; λόγοι ἔπεσι κοσμηθέντες Th.3.67: generally, [[that which is uttered in words]], [[speech]], [[tale]], ἔπος ἐρέειν Il.3.83, etc.; φάσθαι Xenoph. 7.3, Parm.1.23, etc.; joined with [[μῦθος]], Od.4.597, 11.561.—Special uses,<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[song accompanied by music]] or [[lay accompanied by music]], 8.91,17.519.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[pledged word]], [[promise]], Il.8.8; [[τελέσαι ἔπος]] = [[fulfil one's word]], [[keep one's word]], 14.44, cf. A.Pr.1033.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[word in season]], [[counsel]], Il.1.216, 2.807, Od.18.166, etc.; freq. in Trag., E.Hel.513, etc.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[word of a deity]], [[oracle]], Od.12.266, Hdt.1.13, etc.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[saying]], [[proverb]], τὸ παλαιὸν ἔπος Id.7.51, cf. Ar.Av.507.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[word]], opp. [[deed]], [[ἔπε' ἀκράαντα]] = [[words of none effect]], opp. [[ἔτυμα]], Od.19.565, cf. E.HF111 (lyr.); opp. [[ἔργον]], Il.15.234, Od.2.272, etc., cf. 11.1; αἴτε ϝέπος αἴτε ϝάργον SIG9 (Elis, vi B.C.); opp. [[βίη]], Il.15.106; opp. [[χεῖρες]], 1.77 (pl.).<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[subject of a speech]], [[message]], 11.652, 17.701, S.OT 1144, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> later usages,<br><span class="bld">1</span> joined with [[ἔργον]] or [[πρᾶγμα]] Heraclit.1, A.Pers.174 (troch.), Ar.Eq.39, etc.; ἔργῳ τε καὶ ἔπει Pl. Lg.879c; ἅμα ἔπος τε καὶ ἔργον ἐποίεε Hdt.3.134; χρηστὰ ἔργα καὶ ἔπεα ποιέειν Id.1.90.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[κατ' ἔπος]] = [[word by word]], κατ' ἔπος βασανιεῖν φησι τὰς τραγῳδίας Ar.Ra.802.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[πρὸς ἔπος]] = [[at the first word]], Luc. Ep.Sat.37.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[word]] in exchange for [[word]], [[ἀμείβεσθαι]], [[ἀποκρίνεσθαι]], of an [[oracle]], Id.Alex.19, Philops.38; also ἔ. δ' ἀμείβου πρὸς ἔ. A.Eu. 586, cf. Ar.Nu.1375, Pl.Sph.217d.<br><span class="bld">c</span> [[οὐδὲν πρὸς ἔπος]] = [[to no purpose]], Ar.Ec.751; also, nothing to the [[purpose]], ἐὰν μηδὲν πρὸς ἔπος ἀποκρίνωμαι Pl.Euthd.295c, cf. Luc.Herm.36; [[τί πρὸς ἔπος]]; = [[to what matter]] Pl.Phlb.18d.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν]] = [[almost]], [[practically]], qualifying a too absolute expression, esp. with [[πᾶς]] and [[οὐδείς]] (not with metaphors), Pl.Ap.17a, Phd. 78e, Grg.456a, al., Arist.Metaph.1009b16, Pol.1252b29, D.9.47, etc.; opp. [[ὄντως]] or [[ἀκριβεῖ λόγῳ]], Pl.Lg.656e, R.341b; later ὡς ἔπος ἐστὶν εἰπεῖν POxy.67.14(iv A.D.); in Trag., ὡς εἰπεῖν ἔπος A.Pers.714(troch.), E.Heracl.167,Hipp.1162, once in Pl.,Lg.967b([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]).<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[ἑνὶ ἔπει]] = [[in one word]], [[briefly]], ἑνὶ ἔπεϊ πάντα συλλαβόντα λέγειν Hdt.3.82.<br><span class="bld">III</span> of single [[words]], esp. with ref. to etymology or usage, Id.2.30, Ar. Nu.638, Pl.Prt.339a, etc.; [[ὀρθότης ἐπῶν]] = [[ὀρθοέπεια]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), Ar.Ra. 1181; ἄριστ' ἐπῶν ἔχον ib.1161.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> in plural, [[epic poetry]], opp. [[μέλη]] (lyric poetry), [[ἰαμβεῖον|ἰαμβεῖα]], [[διθύραμβος|διθύραμβοι]], etc., ῥαπτῶν ἐπέων ἀοιδοί Pi.N.2.2; τὰ Κύπρια ἔπεα Hdt.2.117, cf. Th.1.3, X.Mem.1.4.3, Pl.R.379a, etc.; ἔπεά τε ποιεῖν πρὸς λύραν τ' ἀείδειν Theoc.Ep.21.6; νικήσας ἔπος IG3.1020; ποητὴς ἐπῶν ib.7.3197.9 (Orchom. Boeot.), cf. OGI51.37 (Egypt, iii B.C.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> generally, [[poetry]], even lyrics, Alcm.25(prob.), Pi.O.3.8, etc.<br><span class="bld">c</span> [[lines]], [[verses]], especially of [[spoken]] [[line]]s in the [[drama]], Ar.Ra.862, 956, etc.: sg., [[verse]], [[line]] of [[poetry]], Hdt.4.29, Pl.Min. 319d; [[group of verses]], Id.R.386c, Hdt.7.143.<br><span class="bld">d</span> [[line]]s of [[writing]], μυρίων ἐπῶν μῆκος Isoc.12.136; ἐν ὅλοις ἑπτὰ ἔπεσι [[παραδραμεῖν]], of a [[historian]], Luc.Hist.Conscr.28.