κἄν: Difference between revisions

|Definition=(not [[κᾄν]]), by crasis,<br><span class="bld">I</span> for <b class="b3">καὶ ἄν</b>…, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Hes.''Op.''357, freq. in Att.: not often when [[καί]] is simply copul., [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 79a, ''Grg.'' 514d; but freq. when [[καί]] is intens., <b class="b3">ὅ γε κ. μέγα δοίη</b> [[even]] a great thing, Hes. [[l.c.]]; κακὸν δὲ κ. ἐν ἡμέρᾳ γνοίης μιᾷ S.''OT''615, cf. 591, ''Aj.''45, Ar.''Nu.''1130, Th.7.61, etc.; sometimes repeated after or before a Verb with ἄν, ἐπεὶ κ. σὺ... εἴ τίς σε διδάξειεν... βελτίων ἂν γένοιο Pl. ''Prt.''318b, cf. ''R.''515e; freq. in the phrase <b class="b3">κ. εἰ</b>, where [[καί]] properly belongs to [[εἰ]], [[even if]], and [[ἄν]] to the Verb that follows in apodosi, <b class="b3">νῦν δέ μοι δοκεῖ, κ. ἀσέβειαν εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, τὰ προσήκοντα ποιεῖν</b> (for <b class="b3">καὶ εἰ καταγιγνώσκοι, ποιεῖν ἄν</b>) D.21.51: hence,<br><span class="bld">2</span> even when the Verb in apodosi was of a tense that could not be joined with <b class="b3">ἄν, κ. εἰ πολλαὶ</b> [αἱ ἀρεταί]… εἰσιν, ἕν γέ τι εἶδος ταὐτὸν ἅπασαι ἔχουσι Pl.''Men.'' 72c; κ. εἰ μή τῳ δοκεῖ Id.''R.''473a, 579d, cf. 408b, ''Phd.''71b, ''Sph.''247e, Arist.''Top.''136a31, al.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in later Gr. without [[εἰ]], simply as a stronger form of [[καί]], [[even]], εἴσελθε κ. νῦν Men.342; κ. νεκρῷ Χάρισαι τὰ σὰ Χείλεα Theoc.23.41, cf. 35 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]) (and so with <b class="b3">εἷς, μία, ἕν, κ. μίαν ἡμέραν δόντες αὐτοῖς</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in X.''HG''1.7.19; εἰ κ. ἕν τι φαίνοιτο S.E. ''P.''2.195, cf. Ph.2.29); ἐὰν ἅψωμαι κ. τῶν ἱματίων ''Ev.Marc.''5.28; <b class="b3">κ. νῦν</b> now [[at any rate]], POxy.2151.7 (iii A.D.); <b class="b3">κἂν ὧς</b> [[even]] so, [[nevertheless]], ib.123.7 (iii/iv A.D.); οἷς οὐδὲ κ. ὄνος ὑπῆρξε πώποτε Luc.''Tim.''20 codd., cf. ''DDeor.''5.2, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> for <b class="b3">καὶ ἄν</b> (ἐάν), [[even if]], with the same moods as [[ἐάν]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''15, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 319c, etc.: freq. used ellipt., <b class="b3">ἄνδρα Χρὴ δοκεῖν πεσεῖν ἂν κ.</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[πέσῃ]]) ἀπὸ σμικροῦ κακοῦ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1078, cf. Ar.''V.''92, ''Ach.''1021, and so prob. in S.''El.''1483: later followed by ind., κἂν γὰρ οὕτω φαμέν A.D.''Synt.''70.22.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">κἄν... κἄν</b>…, whether... or... κἂν μεγάλην πόλιν οἰκῶσι κἂν μικράν D.25.15.