ἔργον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Dor. [[ϝέργον]] ''IG''4.800 (vi B. C.), Elean [[ϝάργον]] ''SIG''9 (vi B.C.), τό: ([[ἔρδω]], OE. weorc (neut.) '[[work]]', Avest. varəza):—[[work]], Il.2.436, etc.; ἔργον [[οὐδὲν]] [[ὄνειδος]], ἀεργίη δέ τ' ὄνειδος = [[work]] is no [[disgrace]], but [[idleness]] is [[disgrace]] Hes.''Op.''311; πλεόνων δέ τε ἔ. ἄμεινον Il.12.412; ἔ. ἐποίχεσθαι 6.492; νῦν ἔπλετο ἔ. ἅπασι 12.271; especially in plural, ἄλλος ἄλλοισιν..ἐπιτέρπεται ἔργοις Od. 14.228; ἐπὶ ἔργα τράποντο Il.3.422; ἔργων παύσασθαι Od.4.683; <b class="b3">τὰ σ' αὐτῆς ἔργα κόμιζε</b> see to thine own [[task]]s, Il.6.490: especially in the following relations,<br><span class="bld">1</span> in Il. mostly of [[work]]s or [[deed]]s of [[war]], πολεμήϊα ἔ. Il.2.338, al., Od.12.116; ἔργον μάχης Il.6.522; alone, ἀτελευτήτῳ ἐπὶ ἔργῳ 4.175, cf. 539; ὑπέσχετο δὲ μέγα ἔργον 13.366; ἐπ' αὐτῷ δ' ἔργον ἐτύχθη ἀργαλέον 4.470; later, ἔργον.. Ἄρης κρινεῖ A.''Th.''414; [[ἐν τῷ ἔργῳ]] = [[during]] the [[action]], Th.2.89, cf.7.71; τὸ ἐν Πλαταιαῖς ἔ. Pl.''Mx.'' 241c; τῶν πρότερον ἔ. μέγιστον ἐπράχθη τὸ Μηδικόν Th.1.23; <b class="b3">ἔργου ἔχεσθαι</b> to [[engage]] in [[battle]], ib.49.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of [[peaceful]] [[contest]]s, κρατεῖν ἔργον Pi.''O.''9.85; ἔργου ἔχεσθαι Id.''P.''4.233; also <b class="b3">ἔργα θῆκε κάλλιστ' ἀμφὶ κόμαις</b> placed [the reward of] [[noble]] [[deed]]s about his [[hair]], Id.''O.''13.38.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of [[works of industry]],<br><span class="bld">a</span> of [[tillage]], [[tilled lands]], ἀνδρῶν πίονα ἔ. Il.12.283, etc.; ἔργ' ἀνθρώπων 16.392, Od.6.259; βροτῶν 10.147; <b class="b3">οὔτε βοῶν οὔτ' ἀνδρῶν φαίνετο ἔργα</b> ib.98; [[ἔργα]] alone, 16.140, etc.; [[Ἔργα καὶ ἡμέραι]], [[Works and Days]], [[Opera et dies]] —the title of [[Hesiod]]'s work; <b class="b3">πατρώϊα ἔργα</b> their [[father]]'s [[land]]s, Od.2.22; <b class="b3">οὔτ' ἐπὶ ἔργα..ἴμεν</b> will [[neither]] go to our [[farm]]s, ib. 127, cf. 252; <b class="b3">Ἰθάκης.. ἔργα</b> the [[till]]ed [[land]]s of [[Ithaca]], 14.344; <b class="b3">ἀμφὶ.. Τιταρησσὸν ἔργ' ἐνέμοντο</b> [[inhabited]] [[land]]s, Il.2.751; τὰ τῶν Μυσῶν ἔργα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.36; so later, ''PBaden'' 40.5 (ii A.D.): generally, [[property]], [[wealth]], [[possessions]], θεὸς δ' ἐπὶ ἔργον ἀέξῃ Od.14.65, cf. 15.372.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of women's [[work]], weaving, Il.9.390, etc.; <b class="b3">ἀμύμονα ἔ. ἰδυίας</b> ib.128; ἔργα ἐργάζεσθαι Od.22.422, 20.72.<br><span class="bld">c</span> of other [[occupations]], <b class="b3">θαλάσσια ἔργα</b> [[fishing]], 5.67; a [[seaman]]'s [[life]], Il.2.614: [[periphrasis]], <b class="b3">δαιτὸς..ἔργα</b> [[work]]s of [[feasting]], 9.228; φιλοτήσια ἔργα Od.11.246; ἔργα γάμοιο Il.5.429; ἔργα Κυπρογενοῦς Sol.26; Ἀφροδίτης ''h.Ven.''1; also [[τέκνων]] ἐς ἔ. A.''Ag.''1207: abs., ἔργον Luc.''DDeor.''17.1, ''AP''12.209 (pl., Strat., s.v.l.); also [[ἔργα]] ἰσχύος καὶ τάχους [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.2.12; <b class="b3">φίλα ἔργα μελίσσαις</b>, of [[flower]]s, Theoc.22.42; of [[mine]]s, etc., ἔ. ἀργυρεῖα X.''Vect.''4.5, D.21.167, etc.; <b class="b3">ἔργα πίσσια</b> dub. l. in Plu.''Cat.Ma.''21.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[deed]], [[action]], ἔργ' ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε Od.1.338; θέσκελα ἔ. Τρώων Il.3.130; ἀήσυλα ἔ. 5.876; <b class="b3">καρτερά, ἀεικέα ἔ.</b>, ib.872,22.395; <b class="b3">παλίντιτα, ἄντιτα ἔ.</b>, Od.1.379, 17.51; ἔργα [[ἀποδέκνυσθαι]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.16, cf. Pl.''Alc.''1.119e, D.C.37.52; opp. [[ἔπος]], [[deed]], not word (v. [[ἔπος]] II.1); opp. [[μῦθος]], Il. 9.443, 19.242, A.''Pr.''1080 (anap.), etc.; opp. [[λόγος]], S.''El.''358, E.''Alc.'' 339; [[ἔργῳ]], opp. [[λόγῳ]], freq. in Att., etc., Th.2.65, etc.: so in plural, λόγῳ μὲν..τοῖσι δ' ἔργοισιν S.''OC''782, cf. E.''Fr.''360.13; λόγοισιν εἴτ' ἔργοισιν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''517; opp. [[ῥήματα]], Id.''OC''873; opp. [[ὄνομα]], E.''IA''128 (anap.), Th.8.78,89; in many phrases, πέπρακται τοὔργον A.''Pr.''75, cf. ''Ag.''1346; χωρῶ πρὸς ἔργον [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''116; <b class="b3">τὸ μὲν ἐνθύμημα χαρίεν.., τὸ δὲ ἔργον ἀδύνατον</b> its [[execution]], X.''An.''3.5.12; <b class="b3">ἐν ἔργῳ χέρνιβες ξίφος τε</b> [[ready]] for [[action]], E.''IT''1190; ἡ κατάρα ὑπὸ τοῦ δαίμονος εἰς ἔργον ἤγετο Jul.''Or.''7.228b.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[thing]], [[matter]], <b class="b3">πᾶν ἔ...ὑπείξομαι</b> in [[every]] [[point]], Il.1.294; ἃ Ζεὺς μήδετο ἔργον 2.38, etc.; πάρος τάδε ἔργον γενέσθαι 6.348, etc.; ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔ. 2.252, Od.17.78, etc.; μέμνημαι τόδε ἔ. Il.9.527; ἄκουε τοὔργον S.''Tr.''1157, cf. ''OT''847, ''Aj.''466; in bad sense, [[mischief]], [[trouble]], of [[disease]], αἰτίη τοῦ ἔργου Aret.''SA''1.9; <b class="b3">μέγα ἔργον</b> a [[serious]] [[matter]], Od.4.663, Th.3.3.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">μέγα ἔργον</b>, like [[μέγα χρῆμα]], [[χερμάδιον]] λάβε χειρὶ Τυδεΐδης, μέγα ἔργον a [[monstrous]] [[thing]], Il.5.303, cf. 20.286; <b class="b3">φυλόπιδος μέγα ἔ.</b> a [[mighty]] [[call]] to [[arm]]s, 16.208.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Pass., [[that which is wrought]] or [[that which is made]], [[work]], <b class="b3">οἷ' ἐπιεικὲς ἔργ' ἔμεν ἀθανάτων</b>, of the [[arm]]s of [[Achilles]], Il.19.22; <b class="b3">ἔργον Ἡφαίστοιο</b> [[metal-work]], Od.4.617; πέπλοι.., ἔργα γυναικῶν Il.6.289, Od.7.97, cf. 10.223; ὕφασμα, σῆς ἔ. χερός A.''Ch.''231; κολεόν.. λώτινον ἔργον Theoc.24.45; of a wall, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1125; of a statue, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.10.7: in plural, of [[siege-work]]s, ἔργα καὶ μηχαναί Plb.5.3.6; of a [[machine]], Apollod.''Poliorc.''157.4, al., Ath.Mech.15.2, al.; of [[public]] [[building]]s, Mon.Anc.Gr.18.20; of an [[author]]'s [[work]]s, [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''25; τὸ περὶ ψυχῆς ἔργον Ἀριστοτέλους ''AP''11.354.8 (Agath.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[result of work]], [[profit]] or [[interest]], [[ἔργον]] ([[χρημάτων]]) [[interest]] or [[profit]] on [[money]], Is.11.42, cf. D.27.10.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> special phrases:<br><span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον ἐστί</b>,<br><span class="bld">a</span> c. gen. pers., it is his [[business]], his [[proper]] [[work]], ἀνδρῶν τόδ' ἐστὶν ἔ. A.''Ch.''673; ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἔργον ἀγαθοῦ πολίτου [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 517c; of things, <b class="b3">φραδέος νόου ἔργα τέτυκται</b> it is a [[matter]] (which calls) for a [[wary]] [[mind]], Il.24.354; [[function]], ἅπερ νεῶν ἄμεινον πλεουσῶν ἔργα ἐστίν Th.2.89; οὐ θερμότητος ἔργον ψύχειν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 335d; <b class="b3">τοῦτο ἑκάστου ἔ. ὃ ἂν ἢ μόνον τι ἢ κάλλιστα τῶν ἄλλων ἀπεργάζηται</b> ib.353a; ἔργα τοῦ ἐγκεφάλου [[function]]s, Gal.16.518: c. dat. pers., οἷς τοῦτο ἔργον ἦν [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.5.36, cf. 6.3.27: with the possessive Pron., <b class="b3">σὸν ἔργον [ἐστί]</b> c. inf., A.''Pr.''635; ἐμὸν τόδ' ἔ. κρῖναι Id.''Eu.'' 734; σὸν ἔ., θῦε θεοῖς [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''862; ὑμέτερον ἐντεῦθεν ἔργον Id.''Pax''426: with Art., νῦν ἡμέτερον τὸ ἔ. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.1.<br><span class="bld">b</span> c. gen. rei, [[there is need]] of.., τί δῆτα τόξων ἔργον; E.''Alc.''39; πολλῆς φυλακῆς ἔργον [ἐστί] [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 537d: esp. with neg., οὐδὲν..ὀδόντων ἔ. ἐστ' Ar.''Pax''1310; οὐ δόλου νῦν ἔ. Id.''Pl.''1158, cf. E.''Hipp.''911: c. dat. pers., ἐπέδρης μὴ εἶναι ἔ. τῇ στρατιῇ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.17: with Art., οὐκ ἂν μακρῶν λόγων ἡμῖν τόδ' εἴη τοὔργον S.''El.''1373: with a part. added, οὐδὲν ἦν ἔ. αὐτοῦ κατατείνοντος Plu.''Publ.''13: also c. inf., <b class="b3">οὐδὲν ἔργον ἑστάναι</b> there is no [[use]] in [[stand]]ing [[still]], Ar.''Lys.''424, cf. ''Av.''1308; οὐδὲν ἔ. ταῦτα θρηνεῖσθαι [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''852, cf. 12.<br><span class="bld">c</span> c. inf., [[it is hard work]], [[difficult]] to do, πολὺ ἔργον ἂν εἴη διεξελθεῖν [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''4.6.1; πολὺ ἔργον ἦν τῷ νομοθέτῃ πάντα γράφειν Lys.10.7; ἔργον ἐστὶν εἰ ἐροῦμεν D.24.51; ἔργον [[εὑρεῖν]] πρόφασιν Men.76; also [[μέγα]] ἔργον ταῖς..ἐπιθυμίαις καλῶς χρῆσθαι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 187e; χαλεπὸν ἔργον [[διαιρεῖν]] Ar.''Ra.''1100 (lyr.): also in gen., πλείονος ἔ. ἐστὶ..μαθεῖν Pl. ''Euthphr.''14b: rarely with a part., οὐδὲν ἔ. μαχομένῳ Philippid.15.3; <b class="b3">ἔργον [ἐστί]</b> c. acc. et inf., [[it can scarcely happen]] that.., ἔ. ἅμα πάντας ὀργισθῆναι καὶ ἁμαρτεῖν Arist.''Pol.''1286a35.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον παρασχεῖν τινί</b> give one [[trouble]], Ar.''Nu.''523, cf. ''AP''9.161 (Marc. Arg., punning on Hesiod's [[Ἔργα]]); <b class="b3">ἔργον ἔχειν</b> [[take]] [[trouble]], c. part., [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.4.6; c. inf., Id.''Mem.''2.10.6.<br><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον γίγνεσθαι τῆς νόσου</b> to be its [[victim]], Anon. ap. Suid. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ἄτολμοι]]; [[κτεινόμενος]] ὑμέτερον ἔργον εἰμί Plu.''Eum.'' 17; τῆς ὑμετέρας γέγονεν ἔργον [[ὀλιγωρία]]ς Luc.''Dem.Enc.''29.<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ἔργον ποιεῖσθαί τι</b> to make a [[matter]] one's [[business]], [[attend to]] it, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]'' 232a, X.''Hier.''9.10; so ἐν ἔργῳ [[τίθεσθαι]] Ael.''VH''4.15.<br><span class="bld">V</span> = [[ἐργασία]] III, τὸ ἔργον βαφέων ''CIG''3498 (Thyatira).