δίδωμι: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Il.23.620, etc. (late [[δίδω]] ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''121 (iii A. D.)); late forms, 1pl. [[διδόαμεν]] [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in J.''BJ''3.8.5, etc., 3pl. [[δίδωσι]] (παρα-) Id.''AJ''10.4.1, etc.; but thematic forms are freq. used, especially in Ep. and Ion., [[διδοῖς]], [[διδοῖσθα]], Il.9.164, 19.270,<br><span class="bld">A</span> διδοῖ Od.17.350, Mimn.2.16, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.48, Hp.Aër.12 (ἀνα-), A.''Supp.''1010, etc., διδοῦσι Il.19.265 (always in Hom.), dub. in Att., Antiph.156; imper. δίδου Thgn.1303, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.140, E.''Or.''642, δίδοι Pi.''O.''1.85, Epigr. in ''Class.Phil.''4.78, Ep. [[δίδωθι]] Od.3.380; inf. [[διδόναι]], also [[διδοῦν]] Thgn.1329, Ep. [[διδοῦναι]] Il.24.425, Aeol. [[δίδων]] Theoc.29.9; part. [[διδούς]], Aeol. [[δίδοις]] Alc.''Supp.''23.13: impf. <b class="b3">ἐδίδουν -ους -ου</b>, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''678, Od.19.367, 11.289 (Ep. [[δίδου]] Il. 5.165), etc.; 3pl. ἐδίδοσαν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.9, etc., [[ἐδίδουν]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[ἐδίδων]]) Hes. ''Op.''139, D.H.5.6 codd. (ἀπ-), also [[ἔδιδον]] prob. in ''h.Cer.''437, [[δίδον]] ib.328; Ep. iter. δόσκον Il.14.382: fut. δώσω 14.268, etc., Ep. [[διδώσω]] Od.13.358, 24.314; inf. δωσέμεναι Il.13.369: aor. 1 [[ἔδωκα]], used only in ind., Od.9.361, etc., Ep. [[δῶκα]] Il.4.43: aor. 2 [[ἔδων]], used in plural ind. <b class="b3">ἔδομεν ἔδοτε ἔδοσαν</b> (Lacon. ἔδον ''IG''5(1).1''B''1), and in moods, <b class="b3">δός, δῶ, δοίην, δοῦναι, δούς;</b> Ep. forms of aor., subj. 3sg. [[δώῃ]], [[δώῃσι]], [[δῷσι]], Il.16.725, 1.324, Od.2.144; 3sg. [[δώη]], Boeot. δώει ''SIG''2858.17 (Delph.), ''IG''7.3054 (Lebad.), δοῖ ''PPetr.''2.p.24; 1pl. δώομεν Il.7.299, Od.16.184, 3pl. δώωσι Il.1.137; 3sg. opt. is written δόη ''UPZ''1.4, δοῖ ''IG''14.1488, etc.; inf. δόμεναι Il.1.116, δόμεν 4.379 (also Dor., Ar.''Lys.''1163 (ἀπο-), δόμειν ''SIG''942 (Dodona)); Cypr. inf. δοϝέναι ''Inscr.Cypr.''135.5H. (also opt. [[δυϝάνοι]] ib. 6); Arc. part. ἀπυ-δόας ''IG''5(2).6.13 (Tegea); inf. δῶναι ''Schwyzer'' 666.2 (Orchom., iii B. C.), also in later Greek, ''BGU''38.13 (ii A. D.): pf. δέδωκα Pi.''N.''2.8, etc.; Boeot. 3pl. ἀποδεδόανθι ''IG''7.3171.35 (Orchom.): plpf. ἐδεδώκει [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.4.26:—Med. only in compds.:—Pass., fut. δοθήσομαι E.''Ph.''1650, Is.3.39, etc.: aor. ἐδόθην Od.2.78, etc.: pf. δέδομαι Il.5.428, A.''Supp.''1041, Th.1.26, etc.; 3pl. δέδονται E.''Supp.''757: plpf. ἐδέδοτο Th.3.109:—[[give freely]], τινί τι Od.24.274, etc.: in pres. and impf., to [[be ready to give]], [[offer]], Il.9.519, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.94, 9.109, Ar.''Fr.''100, X.''An.''6.3.9, etc.; [[τὰ διδόμενα]] = [[things offered]], D.18.119.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of the gods, [[grant]], [[assign]], [[κῦδος]], [[νίκην]], etc., Il.19.204, 11.397, etc.; of evils, <b class="b3">δίδωμι ἄλγεα, δίδωμι ἄτας, δίδωμι κήδεα</b>, etc., 1.96, 19.270, Od.9.15, etc.; twice in Hom. in Pass., <b class="b3">οὔ τοι δέδοται πολεμήϊα ἔργα</b> not to thee [[have]] [[deed]]s of [[war]] been [[grant]]ed, Il.5.428, cf. Od.2.78; later <b class="b3">εὖ διδόναι τινί</b> [[give]] [[good]] [[fortune]], [[provide]] well [[for]]... [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1081, ''OC''642, E.''Andr.''750: abs., of the laws, [[grant permission]], δόντων αὐτῷ τῶν νόμων Is.7.2, cf. Pl.''Lg.''813c.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[offer]] to the gods, <b class="b3">ἑκατόμβας, ἱρὰ θεοῖσιν</b>, Il.12.6, Od.1.67, etc.<br><span class="bld">4</span> with inf. added, <b class="b3">ξεῖνος γάρ οἱ ἔδωκεν… ἐς πόλεμον φορέειν</b> [[gave]] it him to wear in war, Il.15.532, cf. 23.183; δῶκε [τεύχεα] θεράποντι φορῆναι 7.149: later freq. of [[giving]] to [[eat]] or [[drink]], ἐκ χειρὸς διδοῖ πιεῖν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.172, cf. Cratin.124, Pherecr.69, etc.; ἐδίδου ῥοφεῖν Ar.''Fr.''203; δίδου μασᾶσθαι Eup. 253; δὸς καταφαγεῖν Hegem.1; τὴν κύλικα δὸς ἐμπιεῖν Pherecr.41; δὸς τὴν μεγάλην σπάσαι Diph.17.7; with inf. omitted, φιάλην ἔδωκε κεράσας Ephipp.10; εὐζωρότερον δός Diph.58; also of [[giving]] [[water]] to [[wash]] with, <b class="b3">δίδου κατὰ χειρός</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[νίψασθαι]]) Arched.2.3, cf. Alex.261.2.<br><span class="bld">5</span> Prose phrases, [[διδόναι ὅρκον]], opp. [[λαμβάνειν]], [[tender an oath]], δοκεῖ κἂν ὀμόσαι εἴ τις αὐτῷ ὅρκον διδοίη Is.9.24, cf. D.39.3, Arist. ''Rh.''1377a8; <b class="b3">δίδωμι ψῆφον, δίδωμι γνώμην</b>, [[put]] a [[proposal]] to the [[vote]], [[propose]] a [[resolution]], D.21.87, 24.13: <b class="b3">δίδωμι χάριν</b>, = [[χαρίζεσθαι]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1354, Cratin. 317; <b class="b3">ὀργῇ χάριν δούς</b> having [[indulge]]d... S.''OC''855; <b class="b3">λόγον τινὶ δ.</b> [[give]] one leave to speak, X.''HG''5.2.20; δίδωμι λόγον σφίσι [[deliberate]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 1.97; οὐκ, εἰ διδοίης… σαυτῷ λόγον [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''583; <b class="b3">δοῦναι, λαβεῖν λόγον</b>, Arist.''SE''165a27 (but <b class="b3">δίδωμι λόγον, δίδωμι εὐθύνας</b>, [[render]] accounts, ''IG''12.91, al.): <b class="b3">δίδωμι δίκην</b> or [[δίδωμι δίκας]], v. [[δίκη]]: <b class="b3">ἀκοὴν δίδωμι λόγοις</b> [[lend an ear]] to... S. ''El.''30, etc.; <b class="b3">δίδωμι ἐργασίαν</b> [[give]] [[diligence]] = Lat. [[dare operam]], ''OGI''441.109 (Lagina, i B. C.), ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''742.11: c. inf., ''Ev.Luc.''12.58: abs., ''[[sc.]]'' πληγήν, λίθῳ δίδωμι τινί ''PLips.''13 iii 3; <b class="b3">ἐμβολὰς διδόναι</b>, [[ram]], of [[ship]]s, D.S.13.10.<br><span class="bld">II</span> c. acc. pers., [[hand over]], [[deliver up]], ἀχέεσσί με δώσεις Od.19.167; μιν… ὀδύνῃσιν ἔδωκεν Il.5.397; Ἕκτορα κυσίν 23.21; πυρί τινα Od.24.65; πληγαῖς τινά Pl.''R.''574c; ἔδωκε θῆρας φόβῳ Pi.''P.''5.60.<br><span class="bld">2</span> of parents, [[give]] their [[daughter]] to [[wife]], θυγατέρα ἀνδρί Il.6.192, Od.4.7; also of [[Telemachus]], ἀνέρι μητέρα δώσω 2.223; <b class="b3">τὴν… Σάμηνδε ἔδοσαν</b> gave her in [[marriage]] to go to Samé, 15.367, cf. 17.442; with inf. added, δώσω σοι Χαρίτων μίαν ὀπυιέμεναι Il. 14.268: in Prose and Trag., θυγατέρα δίδωμι τινὶ γυναῖκα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.107, cf. Th.6.59, X.''HG''4.1.4, etc.: abs., ἐδίδοσαν καὶ ἤγοντο ἐξ ἀλλήλων [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 5.92.β, cf. E.''Med.''288; also [[δίδωμι]] κόρᾳ ἄνδρα Pi.''P.''9.117.<br><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">διδόναι τινά τινι</b> [[grant]] another to one's entreaties, [[pardon]] him at one's [[request]], X.''An.''6.6.31; <b class="b3">διδόναι τινί τι</b> [[forgive]] one a thing, [[condone]] it, E.''Cyc.''296 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]).<br><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">δίδωμι ἑαυτόν τινι</b> [[give]] [[oneself]] [[up]], δίδωμι σφέας αὐτοὺς τοῖσι Ἀθηναίοισι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.108, cf. S.''Ph.''84, Th.2.68; τινὶ εἰς χεῖρας S.''El.''1348; δίδωμι ἑαυτὸν τοῖς δεινοῖς D.18.97; εἰς τοὺς κινδύνους Plb.3.17.8; εἰς ἔντευξιν Id.3.15.4; <b class="b3">εἰς τρυφήν, εἰς λῃστείας</b>, D.S.17.108, 18.47: c. inf., δίδωσ' ἑκὼν [[κτείνειν]] ἑαυτόν S.''Ph.''1341.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[appoint]], [[establish]], of a [[priest]], [[LXX]] ''Ex.''31.6; <b class="b3">δῶμεν ἀρχηγόν</b> ib.''Nu.'' 14.4; <b class="b3">δίδωμι τινὰ εἰς ἔθνος μέγα</b> ib.''Ge.''17.20; [[place]], <b class="b3">τινὰ ὑπεράνω πάντα τὰ ἔθνη</b> ib.''De.''28.1:—Pass., [[οἱ δεδομένοι]] = '[[the ones given]]', [[Nethinim]], [[minister]]s of the [[temple]], ib.''Ne.''5.3; <b class="b3">ἐδόθη αὐτοῖς ἵνα</b>… [[order]]s were [[give]]n them that... ''Apoc.''9.5.<br><span class="bld">III</span> in vows and prayers, c. acc. pers. et inf., [[grant]], [[allow]], [[bring about that]]... especially in prayers, <b class="b3">δὸς ἀποφθίμενον δῦναι δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω</b> [[grant]] that he may go... Il.3.322; τὸν κασίγνητον δότε τυίδ' ἴκεσθαι Sapph.''Supp.''1.2; <b class="b3">δός με τείσασθαι</b> [[give]] me [[to]]... A.''Ch.''18, cf. ''Eu.''31; also c. dat. pers., τούτῳ… εὐτυχεῖν δοῖεν θεοί Id.''Th.''422; θεοὶ δοῖέν ποτ' αὐτοῖς… παθεῖν S.''Ph.''316, cf. ''OC''1101, 1287, Pl.''Lg.''737b.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[grant]], [[concede]] in [[argument]], διδόναι καὶ [[συγχωρεῖν]] Id.''Phd.''100b, cf. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''990a12, al.: c. inf., Id.''Ph.''239b29; δ. εἶναι θεούς Iamb.''Myst.''1.3; ἑνὸς ἀτόπου δοθέντος τἆλλα συμβαίνει Arist.''Ph.''186a9; [[δεδομένα]], τά, [[data]], title of work by [[Euclid]]; <b class="b3">ἡ δοθεῖσα γραμμή, γωνία</b>, etc., Pl.''Men.''87a, Euc.1.9, etc.; δεδόσθω κύκλος Archim.''Sph.Cyl.''1.6, al.; also in Alchemy, [[δός]] [[take]] certain substances, ''Pleid.X.''69.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Gramm., [[describe]], [[record]], Sch.Pi. ''P.''5.93, Sch.Il.16.207.<br><span class="bld">V</span> seemingly intr., [[give oneself up]], [[devote oneself]], c. dat., esp. ἡδονῇ E.''Ph.''21, Plu.''Publ.''13; ἡδοναῖς Philostr. ''VS''1.12; ἐλπίδι J.''AJ''17.12.2; εἰς [[δημοκοπία]]ν D.S.25.8; δρόμῳ δοὺς [[φέρεσθαι]] = [[at full speed]], Alciphr.3.47.

|sltr=<b>δῐδωμι</b> (δίδωσι, [[διδοῖ]]; impv. δίδοι, διδότω, διδοῖτ（ε) = opt. cf. Wackernagel, Kl. Schr. 704f., Strunk, Glotta, 1961, 114f.; διδούς, -όντι, -όντων; διδόμεν: fut. [[δώσω]], -ει; δώσειν: impf. ἐδίδου: aor. δῶκε（ν), ἔδωκε（ν), ἔδωκ, ἔδωκαν, δῶκαν, ἔδοσαν; δόντες; [[δόμεν]], [[δοῦναι]]: pf. δέδωκε: [[pass]]. pf. [δέ]δοται.) <br /><b>1</b> [[give]] συμπόταις [[νέκταρ]] ἀμβροσίαν τε δῶκεν (O. 1.63) θεὸς ἔδωκεν [[δίφρον]] (O. 1.87) [[κῦδος]] εὐίππων διδόντων Τυνδαριδᾶν (O. 3.39) ὧν [[ἔραται]] καιρὸν διδούς (P. 1.57) τότ' [[αὖθ]] ἑτέροις ἔδωκεν [[μέγα]] [[κῦδος]]. (P. 2.89) “θεῷ γαῖαν διδόντι ξείνια” (P. 4.21) “ξένιον μάστευε [[δοῦναι]]” (P. 4.35) ἀλλ' [[ἔσται]] [[χρόνος]] [[οὗτος]], ὃ καί τιν ἀελπτίᾳ βαλὼν [[ἔμπαλιν]] γνώμας τὸ μὲν δώσει τὸ δ [[οὔπω]] (P. 12.32) νάσῳ, τὰν Ὀλύμπου δεσπότας [[Ζεῦς]] ἔδωκεν Φερσεφόνᾳ (N. 1.14) πατρίαν [[εἴπερ]] καθ' ὁδόν νιν εὐθυπομπὸς αἰὼν ταῖς μεγάλαις δέδωκε κόσμον Ἀθάναις (N. 2.8) νεαρὰ δ' ἐξευρόντα [[δόμεν]] βασάνῳ ἐς ἔλεγχον [[ἅπας]] [[κίνδυνος]] (N. 8.20) Ἐριφύλαν, [[ὅρκιον]] ὡς [[ὅτε]] [[πιστόν]], δόντες Οἰκλείδᾳ γυναῖκα (N. 9.17) μάτρωί θ' ὁμωνύμῳ δέδωκε κοινὸν [[θάλος]] (I. 7.24) ἐμοὶ δ' [[ὀλίγον]] δέ]δοται θα[ (e Plutarcho supp. G-H) Πα.… ]δῶκεν Πα. 13a. 3. [[fig]]., καὶ [[φθινόκαρπος]] [[ἐοῖσα]] [[διδοῖ]] ψᾶφον περ' αὐτᾶς (''[[sc.]]'' [[δρῦς]]. gives [[proof]] of itself ) (P. 4.265) abs. [[make]] an [[offer]] [[οὕτω]] δ' ἐδίδου [[Λίβυς]] ἁρμόζων κόρᾳ νυμφίον ἄνδρα (P. 9.117) followed by an inf. of [[purpose]]: ἀμφιπόλους ἐκέλευσεν ἥρωι πορσαίνειν [[δόμεν]] Εἰλατίδᾳ [[βρέφος]] (O. 6.33) “Κρονίδᾳ δὲ [[τράφεν]] Χίρωνι δῶκαν” (P. 4.115) ἀντίτομα δῶκε χρίεσθαι (P. 4.222) Μοίσαισί τ' ἔδωκ ἀρόσαι (''[[sc.]]'' τοὺς στεφάνους διὰ τὸν ὕμνον. Σ.) (N. 10.26) [[ἐπεί]] [[σφιν]] [[Ἀπόλλων]] δῶκεν ὁ χρυσοκόμας Ἀστερίας [[δέμας]] οἰκεῖν (Pae. 5.41) <br /><b>2</b> [[grant]] of deities granting wishes to men. “τὺ δὲ πρᾶξιν φίλαν δίδοι” (O. 1.85) εὐθὺν δὲ πλόον καμάτων ἐκτὸς ἐόντα δίδοι (O. 6.104) ὦ Ζεῦ, τίμα μὲν, δίδοι τέ οἱ αἰδοίαν [[χάριν]] (v. 1. [[δίδου]]) (O. 7.89) ἐσλὰ δ' ἐπ ἐσλοῖς ἔργα θέλοι [[δόμεν]] (O. 8.85) Ζεῦ τέλεἰ, αἰδῶ δίδοι (O. 13.115) δίδωσί τε Μοῖσαν [[οἷς]] ἂν ἐθέλῃ (P. 5.65) καὶ τὸ λοιπόν ὅμοια, Κρονίδαι μάκαρες, διδοῖτ' ἐπ ἔργοισιν [[ἀμφί]] τε βουλαῖς ἔχειν (δίδοιτ dubitanter Wackernagel) (P. 5.119) ἐμοὶ δ' ὁποίαν ἀρετὰν ἔδωκε Πότμος [[ἄναξ]] (N. 4.42) τὶν δ' ἐοικότα καιρὸν ὄλβου δίδωσι (''[[sc.]]'' [[Μοῖρα]]) (N. 7.59) [[δύνασαι]] δὲ βροτοῖσιν ἀλκὰν ἀμαχανιᾶν δυσβάτων θαμὰ διδόμεν ''[[sc.]]'' Herakles (N. 7.97) τῶν τε γὰρ καὶ τῶν δίδοῖ (''[[sc.]]'' [[Τύχα]]) (I. 4.33) καὶ τὸ μὲν διδότω [[θεός]] (Pae. 2.53) [[ἐπεύχομαι]] δ' Οὐρανοῦ τ εὐπέπλῳ θυγατρὶ Μναμοσύνᾳ κόραισί τ εὐμαχανίαν διδόμεν Πα. 7B. 17. [[εὔχομαι]] [] θέλοντι [[δόμεν]] [ (Pae. 16.4) <br /><b>3</b> [[deliver]] up, [[give]] [[over]] to ὁ δ' [[ἀρχαγέτας]] ἔδωκ [[Ἀπόλλων]] θῆρας αἰνῷ φόβῳ (P. 5.60) καί τινα φᾶσέ νιν δώσειν μόρῳ (Boeckh: [[μόρον]] codd: φᾶ ἑ δᾳώσειν Wil., Theiler) (N. 1.66) ἔδοξ' [[ἦρα]] καὶ ἀθανάτοις ἐσλόν γε φῶτα καὶ φθίμενον ὕμνοις [[θεᾶν]] διδόμεν (I. 8.60) <br /><b>4</b> [[give]] [[out]], [[produce]] δίδοι φωνάν (Hermann: [[δίδου]] codd.) (N. 5.50) (ἄρουραι) βίον ἀνδράσιν ἐπηετανὸν ἐκ πεδίων ἔδοσαν (N. 6.10) ἐν σχερῷ δ' οὔτ ὦν μέλαιναι καρπὸν ἔδωκαν ἄρουραι (N. 11.39) <br /><b>5</b> in tmesis. ἀπὸ δ' αὐτὸν ἐγὼ [[δώσω]] v. [[ἀποδίδωμι]] (P. 4.67) [[τοῦτο]] [[δόμεν]] [[γέρας]] [[ἔπι]] Βάττου γένει v. [[ἐπιδίδωμι]] (P. 5.124)