ἀναγκαῖος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἀναγκαία, ἀναγκαῖον, in Att. also ἀναγκαῖος, ἀναγκαῖον Th.1.2, Pl.R.554a, etc.:<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[of force]], [[with force]], or [[by force]]:<br><span class="bld">I</span> Act., [[constrain]]ing, [[apply]]ing [[force]], [[μῦθος]] ἀναγκαῖος = a word of [[force]], Od.17.399; [[χρειὼ ἀναγκαῖος]] = [[urgent]] [[necessity]], Il.8.57; [[ἦμαρ ἀναγκαῖον]] [[day]] of [[constraint]], i.e. [[life]] of [[slavery]], 16.836; [[ἀναγκαῖα τύχη]] = a [[doom]] [[impose]]d by [[fate]], or [[fateful]] [[chance]], S.Aj.485, cf. 803 (but, [[fatal]] [[chance]], Id.El.48); πᾶν γὰρ ἀ. χρῆμ' ἀνιηρὸν ἔφυ Thgn.472, cf. 297, E.Or.230; [[τῆς ἀρχῆς τῷ ἀναγκαίῳ παροξυνομένους]] = by the [[compulsory]] [[nature]] of our [[rule]], Th.5.99; δεσμὸς ἀναγκαῖος Theoc.24.33; [[ἐξ ἀναγκαίου]] = under [[stress]] of [[circumstance]]s, Th.7.60.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[forcible]], [[cogent]], πειθώ Pl.Sph.265d; ἀποδείξεις Ti.40e; διαλλακτὰς πολὺ τῶν ἐμῶν λόγων ἀναγκαιοτέρους Th.4.60; [[τὰ ἀναγκαιότερα τῶν ἀντιγράφων]] = the more [[authoritative]] copies, Sch.S. OC390.<br><span class="bld">II</span> Pass., [[constrained]], [[forced]], twice in Od., πολεμισταὶ ἀναγκαῖοι = [[soldier]]s [[perforce]], Od.24.499; so δμῶες ἀ. ib.210 (where however Eust. expl. it [[χρειώδεις]] [[trusty]], [[serviceable]], v. infr. 6).<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[necessary]] (physically or morally), [[οὐκ ἀναγκαῖον]] = [[unnecessary]] (on its diff. senses in philosophy v. Arist.Metaph. 1015a20ff.), [[ἀναγκαῖον]] [ἐστί] = [[it is necessary to]]... S.Ph.1317, etc.; γίνεταί μοι ἀναγκαιότατον, c. inf., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.65; [[ἀναγκαῖον κακόν]] = a [[necessary]] [[evil]], Men.651, cf. Hybreasap.Str.14.2.24: also c. inf., ἔνιαι τῶν ἀποκρίσεων ἀναγκαῖαι διὰ μακρῶν τοὺς λόγους ποιεῖσθαι Pl.Grg. 449b; ὁδὸν ἀναγκαιοτάτην εἶναι [[τρέπεσθαι]] Sph.242b; [μαθήματα] ἀναγκαῖα προμεμαθηκέναι = [[necessary]] for us to have learnt them before, Lg.643c.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[τὰ ἀναγκαῖα]] = [[necessaries of life]], Antipho 4.1.2, Pl.Lg.848a; [[τὰ ἀναγκαῖα]] τοῦ βίου Isoc.4.40; ἀ. τροφή Th.1.2.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[τὰ ἀναγκαῖα]] = [[things necessary to be done]], X.Mem.1.1.6; [[τὰ ἐκ θεοῦ ἀναγκαῖα]] = the [[appoint]]ed [[order]] of things, HG 1.7.33; θεῶν ἀναγκαῖον τόδε E.Hec.584 codd.: [[τὸ ἀναγκαῖον]], = [[ἀνάγκη]], Arist. Ph.200a31.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[indispensable]], i.e. a [[bare]] [[minimum]], freq. in Sup., [[τὸ ἀναγκαιότατον ὕψος]] = the [[least]] [[height]] that was [[absolutely]] [[necessary]], Th.1.90; [[ἡ ἀναγκαιοτάτη πόλις]] = the [[least]] that could be [[call]]ed a [[city]], Pl.R.369d; ἐκ τεττάρων ἀναγκαιοτάτων [[συγκεῖσθαι]] πόλιν Arist.Pol. 1291a12; [[αὐτὰ τἀναγκαιότατ' εἰπεῖν]] = [[give]] a [[bare]] [[outline]] of the [[fact]]s, D.18.126, cf. 168; [[ἡ ἀναγκαία συγγένεια]] = the [[most]] [[distant]] [[degree]] of [[kinship]] [[recognize]]d by [[law]], 44.26: less freq. in Posit., οὐδὲ τἀναγκαῖα ἐξικέσθαι Th.1.70: hence, [[scanty]], [[makeshift]], [[παρασκευή]] 6.37.<br><span class="bld">5</span> of persons, [[connect]]ed by [[necessary]] or [[natural]] ties, i.e. [[related]] by [[blood]], Antipho 1.4, Pl.R.574b; ἀ. δόμοις E.Alc.533; [[οἱ ἀναγκαῖοι]] = [[kinsfolk]], X.An.2.4.1; ἀναγκαῖοι φίλοι E.Andr.671; συγγενεῖς καὶ ἀναγκαῖοι ἄνθρωποι D.19.290; τοὺς συγγενεῖς αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀ. φίλους Act.Ap.10.24, cf. PFlor.2.142.2 (iii A. D.).<br><span class="bld">6</span> Astrol., [[efficacious]], Vett.Val.63.1 (Comp.): [[ἀναγκαῖα γραμμή]] = [[line]] of [[fate]], Cat.Cod.Astr.7.238.<br><span class="bld">7</span> [[costly]], ὄξος POxy.1870 (v A. D.); [[ἐσθής]] Suid. [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[βεστιάριον]].<br><span class="bld">III</span> Adv. [[ἀναγκαίως]] = [[of necessity]], [[perforce]], [[ἀναγκαίως ἔχει]] = [[it must be so]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.89, A.Ch.239, S.Tr.723, Pl. Phd.91e, etc.; ἀναγκαίως ἔχει μοι ποιέειν ταῦτα [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.140.ά, al.; [[ἀναγκαίως]] [[φέρειν]], opp. [[ἀνδρείως]], Th.2.64; [[as best might be]], Pl. Ti.69d.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[γελοίως καὶ ἀναγκαίως λέγειν]] = [[in a narrow sense]] (cf. ΙΙ.4, but prob. with play on ΙΙΙ.1), Id.R.527a; [[πτωχῶς]] μέν, ἀλλ' [[ἀναγκαίως]] Babr.55.2:—Sup. [[ἀναγκαιότατα]], λέγεις Pl.Phlb.40c.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[strictly]], [[κελεύειν]] OGI669.41 (i A. D.).<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[οἱ ἀναγκαῖοι τόποι]] = [[privy]] [[part]]s, Vett.Val.113.9.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[ἀναγκαῖον]], τό, v. sub v.