ἀρχαῖος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἀρχαία, ἀρχαῖον, ([[ἀρχή]] I)<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[from the beginning]] or [[from the origin]]:<br><span class="bld">I</span> mostly of things, [[ancient]], σκότος S.''OC''106; ἐσθής [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.88; δόμοις ἐπασσάλευσαν ἀρχαῖον γάνος A.''Ag.''579 codd.; Ζηνὸς ἀρχαίοις νόμοις S.''OC''1382; <b class="b3">χερὸς σῆς πίστιν ἀρχαίαν</b> [[faith]] [[firm]] [[for ever]], ib. 1632 codd.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[old-fashioned]], [[antiquated]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''317 (lyr.), Ar.''Nu.''984, D.22.14; of literary style, Demetr.''Eloc.''244.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[simple]], [[silly]], Ar.''Nu.''915, al., Pherecr. 205; ἀρχαιότερος εἶ τοῦ δέοντος Pl.''Euthd.''295c, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[ancient]], [[former]], τὸ ἀρχαῖον [[ῥέεθον]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.75; τοῦ ἀ. λόγου Id.7.160; οὐ γὰρ δὴ τό γ' ἀ. δέμας S.''OC''110; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀρχαῖοι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">οἱ ὕστερον</b>, Th.2.16; ἀ. φύσις A.''Ch.''281, Hp. ''Art.''53, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 193c, etc.; [[φύσις]] καὶ [[κατάστασις]] ἀ. Democr.278; coupled with [[παλαιός]], παλαιὸν δῶρον ἀρχαίου θηρός S.''Tr.''555, cf. Lys. 6.51, D.l.c.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[old]], [[worn out]], ὑποδήματα X.''An.''4.5.14; πινάκια ''BGU''781i1 (i A. D.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> of persons, Θέμιν.. ἀρχαίαν ἄλοχον Διός Pi.''Fr.''6.5; <b class="b3">ἀρχαῖαι θεαί</b>, of the [[Erinyes]], A.''Eu.''728; Πέλοψ [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1292; [[οἱ ἀρχαῖοι]] = [[the Ancients]], name given by Arist. to the pre-Socratics, ''Metaph.'' 1069a25, ''GC''314a6; in Lit. Crit., [[ancient]], [[classical]] writers, Demetr. ''Eloc.''15,67; in Plot., the philosophers down to Aristotle, 5.1.9; in [[NT]], [[the Fathers]], Ev.Matt.5.21, al.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ancient]], [[old]], <b class="b3">βαλὴν ἀ.</b>, of [[Darius]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''657 (lyr.); [[λάτρις]] E.''Hec.''609; [[ἑταῖρος]] [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.8.1; <b class="b3">οἱ ἀρχαῖοι κύριοι</b> the [[original]] owners, ''BGU''992 ii 6 (ii B. C.); <b class="b3">τὰς ἀρχαίας πόλεις</b> (banished from) their [[original]] cities, Polystr.p.22 W.; <b class="b3">ἀρχαῖος μαθητής</b> an [[original]] [[disciple]], ''Act.Ap.''21.16; [[μύστης]] ''Inscr.Magn.''215b; <b class="b3">παιδαγωγὸς ἀ.</b>, i.e [[of old]], [[formerly]], E.''El.''287, cf.853.<br><span class="bld">III</span> neut. as adverb, [[τὸ ἀρχαῖον]], Ion. contr. [[τὠρχαῖον]], [[anciently]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.56, 173, al., Att.τἀρχαῖον A.''Supp.''326; ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀ. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.117; ἐξ ἀρχαίων [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]1.14.<br><span class="bld">2</span> regul. Adv. [[ἀρχαίως]] = [[in olden style]], καινὰ ἀ. λέγειν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''267b, cf. Isoc.4.8, D.9.48; ἀ. καὶ [[σεμνῶς]] Aeschin.1.183.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> irreg. Comp. ἀρχαιέστερος Pi.''Fr.''45 (on [[ἀρχέστατος]] v. h. v.); usual Comp. ἀρχαιότερος [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''469: Sup. ἀρχαιότατος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.105, etc.<br><span class="bld">V</span> as [[substantive]], [[τὸ ἀρχαῖον]], of [[money]], [[prime cost]], πλέον τοῦ ἀ. X.''Vect.''3.2; [[principal]], mostly in plural, Ar.''Nu.''1156, etc.; τἀρχαῖα ἀποδιδόναι D.34.26, etc.; <b class="b3">τῶν ἀρχαίων ἀπέστησαν</b> lost their [[capital]], Id.1.15: opp. [[ἔργον]], Id.27.10; opp. [[πρόσοδος|πρόσοδοι]], Is.6.38.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[ἀρχαίη]], ἡ, = [[ἀρχή]], Eust.475.1, etc.