οὔτε: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Adv., ([[οὐ]], [[τε]]) joining neg. clauses, as τε joins posit., but rare in the simple sense<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[and not]], Il.22.265 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]), [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.155 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]); <b class="b3">οὔτε γὰρ ἐκείνους διδόναι</b>, Lat. [[neque enim]], Id.1.3 (prob. [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] for [[οὐδὲ]]); and occasionally in later writers, Arist.''Ph.''208a8, Luc.''Par.''27,53, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> mostly repeated, <b class="b3">οὔτε... οὔτε</b>… neither... nor... Lat. neque... neque... Hom., etc.—Hom. freq. joins another Particle with the first or second [[οὔτε]], as <b class="b3">οὔτ' ἂρ... οὔτε…; οὔτ' ἂρ... οὔτ' ἂρ…; οὔτ' ἄρ τε... οὔτ' ἄρα</b>… Il.5.89; <b class="b3">οὔτ' οὖν</b>, v. [[οὖν]] ''1''; <b class="b3">οὔτε… οὖν... οὔτ' ἄρα</b>… 20.7; <b class="b3">οὔτ' ἄρ... οὔτε τι</b>... or <b class="b3">οὔτε τι... οὔτε</b>... 1.115, Od.1.202; so too <b class="b3">οὔτε... οὔτε μὴν</b>… [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.3.12; <b class="b3">οὔτε... οὔτ' αὖ</b>... v. infr. 3.<br><span class="bld">2</span> freq. used to divide up a general negation into two or more parts, ὡς δ' ἐν ὀνείρῳ οὐ δύναται φεύγοντα διώκειν, οὔτ' ἂρ ὁ τὸν δύναται ὑποφεύγειν οὔθ' ὁ διώκειν Il.22.200; thrice repeated, οὔ μοι Τρώων… μέλει ἄλγος... οὔτ' αὐτῆς Ἑκάβης οὔτε Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος οὔτε κασιγνήτων 6.450; οὐκ ἔπειθεν οὔτε τοὺς στρατηγοὺς οὔτε τοὺς στρατιώτας Th.4.4: without a neg. preceding, Il.1.490, 2.202, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> within one of the two clauses distinguished by [[οὔτε]] a subordinate part may be introduced by <b class="b3">οὐδέ, οὔτε γὰρ ἐκ σκίλλης ῥόδα φύεται οὐδ' ὑάκινθος</b> (<b class="b3">οὐθ'</b> codd.), οὐ δέ ποτ' ἐκ δούλης τέκνον ἐλευθέριον Thgn.537; οὔτε… ἀπέφηνεν οὐδὲ παρέσχηται μάρτυρας, οὔτ' αὖ τὸν ἀριθμὸν… ἐπανέφερεν D.27.49: sometimes after several clauses distinguished by [[οὔτε]] the last is introduced emphat. by <b class="b3">οὐδέ, οὔτε φάρμακα οὔτε καύσεις οὔτε τομαὶ οὐδ' αὖ ἐπῳδαί</b> [[nor yet]] incantations, Pl. ''R.''426b, cf. 499b (so [[μηδέ]] after clauses with μήτε, μήτε παιδεία μήτε δικαστήρια μήτε νόμοι μηδὲ ἀνάγκη μηδεμία Id.''Prt.''327d); so [[οὐδέ]] ([[μηδέ]]) may sometimes follow a single <b class="b3">οὔτε ([[μήτε]]), οὐδέ ποτέ σφιν οὔτε τι πημανθῆναι ἔπι δέος, οὐδ' ἀπολέσθαι</b> [[neither]] to suffer misery, [[nor yet]] to die, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Od.8.563, cf. Pi.''P.''8.83, ''I.''2.44, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1139, 1141 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]), 1297 (cj.), Pl. ''Ap.''19d: in many of these places, however, the readings vary, and editors have altered [[οὐδέ]] into [[οὔτε]]; but this cannot be done in some cases, as οὔτ' ἂν ὑπό γε ἑνὸς… πάθοι, ἴσως δ' οὐδὲ ὑπὸ πλεόνων Id.''La.'' 182b: so when [[οὔτε]] is followed by <b class="b3">οὐδὲ μέν</b>, Od.13.207; by <b class="b3">οὐδὲ μήν</b>, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.5.27; <b class="b3">οὐδ' αὖ</b>, v. supr.—But [[οὔτε]] ([[μήτε]]) cannot be used simply answering to [[οὐδέ]] ([[μηδέ]]), v. [[μηδέ]] A. 2.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[οὔτε]] may be followed by a Posit. clause with τε<b class="b3">, οὔτ' αὐτὸς κτενέει, ἀπό τ' ἄλλους πάντας ἐρύξει</b> he [[both]] will [[not]] kill [[and]] will defend, Il.24.156, cf. [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''246, 262, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.49, X.''An.''7.7.48, etc.: sometimes the neg. is added [[after]] the τε, οὔτ' ὦν… καρπὸν ἔδωκαν ἄρουραι, δένδρεά τ' οὐκ ἐθέλει… φέρειν Pi.''N.''11.40, cf. S. ''Ant.''763, E.''Hipp.''302; κυάμους δὲ οὔτε τι μάλα σπείρουσι, τούς τε γενομένους οὔτε τρώγουσι οὔτε ἕψοντες πατέονται [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.37: the combination <b class="b3">οὔτε... καί</b>… is dub. in E.''IT''591, but is found in later writers, as Luc.''DMeretr.''2.4, Chor.in ''Rev.Phil.''1877.218.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[οὔτε]] is freq., by anacoluthon, followed not by a second [[οὔτε]], but by some other Particle, as by [[οὐδέ]], v. supr. 3; by [[δέ]] alone, Il.24.368, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.108, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 388e, X.''An.''6.3.16.<br><span class="bld">b</span> in Poets, [[οὐ]] sometimes follows without any conjunctive Particle, οὐκ ἦν ἀλέξημ' οὐδὲν οὔτε βρώσιμον, οὐ χριστόν, οὔτε πιστόν [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''479; <b class="b3">οὔτε πλινθυφεῖς δόμους… ᾖσαν, οὐ ξυλουργίαν</b> ib.450, cf. Theoc.15.139 sq.; οὔτε βλάστας… πατρός, οὐ μητρὸς εἶχον [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]'' 972, cf. ''Ant.''249, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''41: so also in the Prose of [[Herodotus|Hdt.]], <b class="b3">ἐς ποταμὸν οὔτε ἐνουρέουσι οὔτε ἐμπτύουσι, οὐ χεῖρας ἐναπονίζονται, οὐδέ</b>… 1.138.<br><span class="bld">c</span> in Poets also [[οὔτε]] is sometimes replaced by οὐ, οὐ νιφετὸς οὔτ' ἂρ χειμὼν πολὺς οὔτε ποτ' ὄμβρος Od.4.566; οὐ γὰρ ἂν εἰδείης ἀνδρὸς νόον οὔτε γυναικός Thgn.125 (dub. l.), cf. Il.1.115, Od.9.136, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''588 (lyr., [[si vera lectio|s. v.l.]]), etc.<br><span class="bld">d</span> the former [[οὔτε]] is sometimes omitted, ναυσὶ δ' οὔτε πεζὸς ἰών Pi.''P.''10.29; <b class="b3">νόσοι δ' οὔτε γῆρας</b> ib.41; Πάρις γὰρ οὔτε συντελὴς πόλις A.''Ag.''532, cf. ''Ch.''294; and v. [[μήτε]] 2.<br><span class="bld">6</span> when [[οὔτε]] and [[μήτε]] correspond, each retains its proper sense, <b class="b3">ἀναιδὴς οὔτ' εἰμὶ μήτε γενοίμην</b> [[neither]] am I shameless, [[nor]] may I become so, D.8.68, cf. Aeschin.3.128.