incido: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>incĭdo</b>: cĭdi, cāsum, 3 (<br /><b>I</b> fut. [[part]]. [[act]]. incasurus, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97; perf. scanned incĭdĕrunt, Lucr. 6, 1174), v. n. in-[[cado]], to [[fall]] [[into]] or [[upon]] a [[thing]], to [[fall]], [[light]] [[upon]] (freq. and [[class]].).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., constr. [[with]] in and acc.; [[less]] freq. [[with]] [[other]] prepp., [[with]] the dat., or absol.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With in and acc.: in foveam, Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 12: ex [[spelunca]] [[saxum]] in crura ejus incidit, id. Fat. 3, 6: e nubi in nubem vis incidit [[ardens]] fulminis, Lucr. 6, 145; cf. id. 296: in segetem [[flamma]], falls, Verg. A. 2, 305: [[pestilentia]] in urbem, Liv. 27, 23 fin.: ut incideret [[luna]] tum in eam metam, quae esset [[umbra]] terrae, etc., entered, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22: in oculos, Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 187: incidentibus [[vobis]] in [[vallum]] portasque, Liv. 27, 13, 2: in laqueos, Juv. 10, 314.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[other]] prepp.: incidit [[ictus]] Ingens ad terram [[duplicato]] poplite [[Turnus]], Verg. A. 12, 926: ([[turris]]) [[super]] agmina [[late]] incidit, id. ib. 2, 467.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With dat.: incidere portis, to [[rush]] [[into]], Liv. 5, 11, 14; 5, 26, 8: lymphis putealibus, Lucr. 6, 1174: [[caput]] incidit arae, Ov. M. 5, 104: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus [[incident]], Liv. 21, 10, 10: ultimis Romanis, id. 28, 13, 9: jacenti, Stat. Th. 5, 233: hi duo amnes confluentes incidunt Oriundi flumini, [[empty]], [[fall]] [[into]], Liv. 44, 31, 4: [[modo]] [[serius]] incidis (sol) undis, [[sink]], Ov. M. 4, 198.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Absol.: [[illa]] ([[hasta]]) [[volans]], umeri surgunt [[qua]] tegmina [[summa]], incidit, Verg. A. 10, 477: incidit Adriaci [[spatium]] admirabile rhombi, i. e. [[into]] the [[fisherman]]'s [[net]], Juv. 4, 39. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic., to [[fall]] [[upon]], [[meet]], or [[come]] [[upon]] [[unexpectedly]], [[fall]] in [[with]] a [[person]] or [[thing]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With in and acc.: in aliquem incurrere [[atque]] incidere, Cic. Planc. 7, 17: cum hic in me incidit, id. ib. 41, 99: C. [[Valerius]] Procillus, cum in [[fuga]] catenis [[vinctus]] traheretur, in ipsum Caesarem incidit, Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 5: in insidias, Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; cf.: in quos (milites), si qui ex acie fugerint, de improviso incidant, id. Rosc. Am. 52, 151: in [[manus]] alicujus, id. Clu. 7, 21: in vituperatores, id. Fam. 7, 3, 6; 6, 1, 25.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[inter]]: [[inter]] catervas armatorum, Liv. 25, 39.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With dat.: qui (oculi) [[quocumque]] inciderunt, Cic. Mil. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 50: [[sane]] homini [[praeter]] opinionem improviso incidi, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182: incidit huic Appennicolae [[bellator]] [[filius]] Anni, Verg. A. 11, 699.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With acc. [[alone]] ([[late]] Lat.): [[bene]] [[quod]] meas potissimum [[manus]] incidisti, App. M. 6, p. 176, 24; id. ib. p. 179, 4: fatales laqueos, Vulc. Gall. Avid. Caes. 2, § 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Transf., to [[fall]] [[upon]], [[attack]], [[assault]]: [[triarii]] consurgentes ... in hostem incidebant. Liv. 8, 8, 13: [[postquam]] acrius ultimis incidebat Romanus, id. 28, 13, 9.<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., to [[fall]] [[into]] [[any]] [[condition]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With in and acc.: in morbum, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4: in febriculam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.: in miserias, id. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf.: qui inciderant (sc. in morbum) [[haud]] [[facile]] [[septimum]] diem superabant, Liv. 41, 21, 5: ut si in hujusmodi amicitias ignari casu [[aliquo]] inciderint, Cic. Lael. 12, 42: quodsi [[quis]] [[etiam]] a [[culpa]] [[vacuus]] in amicitiam ejus inciderat, Sall. C. 14, 4: in honoris contentionem, Cic. Lael. 10, 34: in imperiorum, honorum, gloriae cupiditatem, id. Off. 1, 8, 26: in furorem et insaniam, Cic. Pis. 20, 46. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With acc. [[alone]]: caecitatem, Ambros. de Tobia, 2: iram, Lact. Plac. Narr. Fab. 1, 10: amorem, id. ib. 14, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> To [[fall]] [[upon]], [[befall]]: eo [[anno]] [[pestilentia]] [[gravis]] incidit in urbem agrosque, Liv. 27, 23, 6: [[tantus]] [[terror]] incidit ejus exercitui, [[fell]] [[upon]], Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 2; cf.: ut [[nihil]] incidisset [[postea]] civitati mali, [[quod]], etc., happened, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 26.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[fall]] [[upon]] [[accidentally]]; to [[light]] [[upon]], in [[thought]] or [[conversation]]: non [[consulto]], sed casu in eorum mentionem incidi, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 50; id. Lael. 1, 3; cf.: [[fortuito]] in sermonem alicujus incidere, id. de Or. 1, 24, 111: in eum sermonem incidere, qui, etc., id. Lael. 1, 2: in varios sermones, id. Att. 16, 2, 4: cum in eam memoriam et recordationem [[nuper]] ex sermone quodam incidissemus, id. Brut. 2, 9: [[iterum]] in mentionem incidimus viri, Tac. H. 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[come]] or [[occur]] to one's [[mind]]: [[sapiens]] appeteret aliquid, quodcumque in mentem incideret et quodcumque [[tamquam]] occurreret, [[come]] [[into]] his [[mind]], Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 5; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 75: redeunti, ex ipsa re mihi incidit [[suspicio]], id. And. 2, 2, 22; 3, 2, 21: tanta [[nunc]] [[suspicio]] de me incidit, id. Ad. 4, 4, 5: dicam, [[verum]], ut aliud ex [[alio]] incidit, id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37: [[nihil]] te effugiet [[atque]] omne. [[quod]] erit in re occurret [[atque]] incidet, Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 147: potantibus his [[apud]] Sex. Tarquinium incidit de uxoribus [[mentio]], Liv. 1, 57, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[fall]] [[upon]], [[happen]] in a [[certain]] [[time]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With in and acc.: [[quod]] in id rei publicae [[tempus]] non incideris, sed veneris — judicio [[enim]] tuo, non casu in ipsum [[discrimen]] rerum contulisti tribunatum tuum—[[profecto]] vides, quanta vis, etc., Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2: quorum [[aetas]] in eorum tempora, quos nominavi, incidit, Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf. id. Fam. 5, 15, 3: [[quoniam]] in [[eadem]] rei publicae tempora incidimus, id. ib. 5, 8, 3 fin.: [[facies]] me in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria certiorem, id. Att. 6, 1, 26: cum in Kalendas Januarias Compitaliorum [[dies]] incidisset, id. Pis. 4, 8: quae (bella) in ejus aetatem gravissima inciderunt, Quint. 12, 11, 16: in eum annum quo erat [[Hortensius]] [[consul]] [[futurus]], incidere, to [[fall]] [[into]], i. e. to [[extend]] the [[case]] [[until]], etc., id. 6, 5, 4; cf.: [[quintus]] [[annus]] cum in te praetorem incidisset, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With acc. [[alone]] ([[late]] Lat.): ut menses ... autumnale [[tempus]] inciderent, Sol. 1, § 44.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[fall]] [[out]], [[happen]], [[occur]]: et in nostra civitate et in ceteris, multis fortissimis [[atque]] optimis viris injustis judiciis tales [[casus]] incidisse, Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3: si [[quid]] [[tibi]] [[durius]] inciderit, Prop. 1, 15, 28; cf.: si [[casus]] inciderit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6: incidunt [[saepe]] tempora cum, etc., id. Off. 1, 10, 31: eorum ipsorum, quae honesta sunt, potest incidere [[saepe]] [[contentio]] et [[comparatio]], id. ib. 1, 43, 152: potest incidere [[quaestio]], Quint. 7, 1, 19: [[verbum]] si [[quod]] [[minus]] usitatum incidat, id. 2, 5, 4: in magnis [[quoque]] auctoribus incidunt [[aliqua]] vitiosa, id. 10, 2, 15; 11, 1, 70; Cels. 5, 27, 3: ea accidisse non [[quia]] haec facta sunt, [[arbitror]]; [[verum]] haec [[ideo]] facta, [[quia]] incasura erant [[illa]], Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97: si [[quando]] ita incidat, Quint. 2, 5, 5; cf.: [[forte]] ita incidit, ut, etc., Liv. 26, 23, 2: [[forte]] ita inciderat, ne, etc., id. 1, 46, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[fall]] in [[with]], [[coincide]], [[agree]] [[with]], in [[opinion]], etc.: ne [[ipse]] incidat in Diodorum, etc., Cic. Fat. 8, 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>6</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[stumble]] [[upon]], [[undertake]] at [[random]]: sic existumes non me [[fortuito]] ad tuam amplitudinem meis officiis amplectendam incidisse, etc., Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3.— Hence in [[part]]. pres.: incĭdentĭa, subst., occurrences, events, Amm. 14, 5, 4; 22, 9, 2 al.<br /><b>incīdo</b>: cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. in-[[caedo]],<br /><b>I</b> to [[cut]] [[into]], [[cut]] [[through]], [[cut]] [[open]], [[cut]] up ([[class]].).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: teneris arboribus incisis [[atque]] inflexis, Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4: arbores, Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 54; 32, § 58: inciditur vitro, lapide, osseisve cultellis, id. 12, 25, 54, § 115; cf.: [[palmes]] inciditur in medullam, id. 14, 9, 11, § 84: venam, to [[open]], id. 29, 6, 58, § 126; Cels. 2, 8; Tac. A. 16, 19; cf.: incisi nervi, Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218: [[circa]] [[vulnus]] scalpello, Cels. 5, 27, 3: pinnas, to [[clip]], Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so, vites falce, Verg. E. 3, 11: [[pulmo]] [[incisus]], [[cut]] up, divided, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf.: [[eupatoria]] foliis per extremitates incisis, i. e. notched, indented, Plin. 5, 6, 29, § 65: nos [[linum]] incidimus, legimus, [[cut]] [[through]], [[cut]], Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10: funem, Verg. A. 3, 667: corpora mortuorum, to [[dissect]], Cels. praef.: nocentes homines vivos, id. ib.: [[quid]] habet [[haruspex]] [[cur]] [[pulmo]] [[incisus]] [[etiam]] in bonis extis dirimat [[tempus]]? Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85: si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint, [[cut]] [[through]], [[broken]] [[through]], Quint. 2, 13, 16: squamisque [[incisus]] adaestuat [[amnis]], Stat. Th. 5, 517: non incisa notis marmcra publicis, engraved, Hor. C. 4, 8, 13: [[tabula]] ... his [[ferme]] incisa litteris fuit, Liv. 6, 29 fin.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[cut]] in, to [[carve]], [[engrave]], [[inscribe]] on [[any]] [[thing]]; [[usually]] constr. [[with]] in and abl.; [[less]] freq. [[with]] in and acc., the dat., or absol.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With in and abl.: id non [[modo]] tum scripserunt, [[verum]] [[etiam]] in aere [[incisum]] nobis tradiderunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; cf.: [[foedus]] in [[columna]] aenea [[incisum]] et perscriptum, id. Balb. 23, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154: in [[qua]] basi grandibus litteris P. Africani [[nomen]] erat [[incisum]], id. ib. 2, 4, 34, § 74: nomina in [[tabula]] incisa, id. Fam. 13, 36, 1: notum est [[carmen]] [[incisum]] in sepulcro, id. de Sen. 17, 61; id. Pis. 29, 72; id. Font. 14, 31: incidens litteras in fago recenti, Plin. 16, 9, 14, § 35: indicem in aeneis tabulis, Suet. Aug. 101: quae vos incidenda in aere censuistis, Plin. [[Pan]]. 75, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With in and acc.: quae ([[acta]]) [[ille]] in aes incidit, Plin. [[Pan]]. 1, 7, 16: leges in aes incisae, Liv. 3, 57 fin.: lege jam in aes incisā, Suet. Aug. 28 fin.: [[quod]] ita erit gestum, lex erit, et in aes incidi jubebitis [[credo]] [[illa]] legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt, etc., Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With dat. ([[poet]]. and [[post]]-Aug.): verba ceris, Ov. M. 9, 529: amores arboribus, Verg. E. 10, 53: fastos marmoreo parieti, Suet. Gramm. 17: [[nomen]] non trabibus aut saxis, Plin. [[Pan]]. 54, 7; cf.: [[primum]] aliquid da, [[quod]] possim titulis incidere, i. e. [[among]] [[your]] titles, Juv. 8, 69.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Absol.: incidebantur jam domi leges, Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.: [[tabula]] his litteris incīsa, Liv. 6, 29, 9: [[sine]] delectu [[morum]] [[quisquis]] [[incisus]] est, inscribed, registered, Sen. Ben. 4, 28: Victorem litteris incisis appellare, Macr. S. 3, 6, 11.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[make]] by [[cutting]], to [[cut]] ([[rare]]): ferroque incidit acuto Perpetuos dentes et serrae repperit usum, Ov. M. 8, 245: novas incide faces, [[tibi]] ducitur [[uxor]], Verg. E. 8, 29; Col. 2, 21, 3.<br /><b>II</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> To [[break]] [[off]], [[interrupt]], [[put]] an [[end]] to: poëma ad Caesarem, [[quod]] institueram, incidi, [[have]] [[broken]] [[off]], stopped, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11: inciditur [[omnis]] jam [[deliberatio]], si intellegitur non posse fieri, ?*!id. de Or. 2, 82, 336; cf. Liv. 32, 37, 5: [[tandem]] haec singultu verba incidente profatur, Stat. Th. 9, 884: novas lites, Verg. E. 9, 14: ludum, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36: vocis [[genus]] [[crebro]] incidens, [[broken]], interrupted, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 217.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> To [[cut]] [[off]], [[cut]] [[short]], [[take]] [[away]], [[remove]]: media, to [[cut]] [[short]], Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47: qui mihi pinnas inciderant nolunt easdem renasci, id. 4, 2, 5: [[Tarquinius]] spe omni [[reditus]] incisā exsulatum [[Tusculum]] abiit, [[cut]] [[off]], Liv. 2, 15, 7: spe incisā, id. 3, 58, 6; 35, 31, 7; cf. id. 44, 6, 13; 44, 13, 3: tantos [[actus]], Sil. 3, 78: ipsam, [[quam]] promimus horam [[casus]] incidit, Sen. Ep. 101: [[testamentum]], to [[annul]], [[invalidate]], Dig. 28, 4, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> In rhet., to [[make]] by [[cutting]], to [[cut]]: [[aequaliter]] particulas, Cic. Or. 61, 205.— Hence,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; incī-[[sum]], i, n., rhet. t. t. for the Gr. [[κόμμα]],> a [[section]] or [[division]] of a [[sentence]], a [[clause]]: quae [[nescio]] [[cur]], cum [[Graeci]] κόμματα et κῶλα nominent, nos non recte incisa et membra dicamus, Cic. Or. 62, 211 (for [[which]]: incisiones et membra, id. 64, 261): [[incisum]] erit [[sensus]] non expleto [[numero]] [[conclusus]], plerisque [[pars]] membri, Quint. 9, 4, 122; cf. id. ib. 22; 32; 44; 67; 123.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; incīsē, adv., in [[short]] clauses: quo pacto deceat [[incise]] membratimve dici, Cic. Or. 63, 212; cf. [[incisim]].