μόνος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=η, ον, Ep. and Ion. [[μοῦνος]], the only form used by Hom. (as in all derivs. exc. [[μονόω]]), Hes., and [[Herodotus|Hdt.]], also by Pi.''P.''9.27, ''I.''5(4).12, B.3.80, al., by S. both in iamb. and lyr., by A. only in compd. [[μουνώψ]], by E. only in [[μούναρχος]]: Dor. [[μῶνος]] Theoc.2.64, 20.45:—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[alone]], [[solitary]], μοῦνος ἐὼν πολέσιν μετὰ Καδμείοισιν Il.4.388; ἢ ὅ γε μοῦνος ἐών Od.3.217; μούνω ἄνευθ' ἄλλων 16.239: joined with [[ἐρῆμος]], S. ''Ant.''887, ''Ph.''470; μόνοι γὰρ ἐσμέν Luc.''JTr.''21; ἄνθρωπος [[πρεσβύτης]] καὶ μόνος ''BGU''180.23 (ii A.D.); φυγὴ μόνου πρὸς μόνον Plot.6.9.11.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., <b class="b3">σοῦ μόνος</b> [[bereft of thee]], [[without thee]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''511; also [[μοῦνος]] ἀπ' ἄλλων ''h.Merc.''193, S.''Ph.''183 (lyr.); ἑτάρων ἄπο μ. A.R.3.908.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[only]], μοῦνον Λαέρτην [[Ἀρκείσιος]] υἱὸν ἔτικτε, μοῦνον δ' αὖτ' Ὀδυσῆα πατὴρ τέκεν Od.16.118, cf. Il.9.482; μόνης γὰρ σοῦ κλύων ἀνέξεται [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]'' 838, cf. 632 (anap.), ''Pr.''425 (lyr.), etc.; <b class="b3">χοίνικος μόνας ἁλῶν</b> for a [[gallon]] of [[salt]] [[only]], [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''814; [[single]], οὐκ ἄρα μοῦνον ἔην Ἐρίδων γένος, ἀλλὰ… δύω Hes.''Op.''11, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1280; <b class="b3">εἷς μοῦνος</b> or [[μόνος]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.38, S. ''OT''63: once in Hom., μία μούνη Od.23.227: joined with αὐτός, αὐτὼ μόνω Pl.''Ly.''211c; αὐτοὶ καθ' αὑτοὺς μόνοι Id.''Plt.''307e.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., <b class="b3">μοῦνος ποταμῶν</b> [[alone]] of rivers, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.25, cf. 29; μ. θεῶν γὰρ Θάνατος οὐ δώρων ἐρᾷ A.''Fr.''161; μ. τῶν ἄλλων ποιητῶν Lycurg.102; but <b class="b3">μοῦνος πάντων ἀνθρώπων</b> he [[and no other]] of all men, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.25; <b class="b3">ἀνδρῶν γε μοῦνος</b> he [[and no other]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''1250, cf. ''El.''531; ὦ μόνα ὦ φίλα γυναικῶν [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Alcestis|Alc.]]''460 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> freq. repeated in the same clause, ξυμπεσὼν μόνος μόνοις [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''467; <b class="b3">Ἕκτορος μόνος μόνου… ἐναντίος</b> ib.1283; σὺν τέκνοις μόνη μόνοις E.''Med.''513; μόνος μόνῳ D.18.137.<br><span class="bld">4</span> expressing rhetorically pre-eminence in an action or quality, <b class="b3">μόνα κατέχεσθαι ποιεῖ</b> are [[unique]] for causing possession, Pl.''Smp.''215c, cf. 222a, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Coloneus|OC]]''261, ''OT''299, Isoc.14.57; [ἐπέδειξε] σαφέστατα μόνος ἀνθρώπων Lys.24.9.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Sup. [[μονώτατος]] [[one above all others]], Ar. ''Eq.''352, ''Pl.''182, Lycurg.89, Theoc.15.137, Phld.''Rh.''1.350 S.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[made in one piece]], τάπης ''Edict.Diocl.''19.23.<br><span class="bld">B</span> Adv. [[μόνως]], [[on one condition only]], followed by [[εἰ]], Th.8.81, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''1.5.5, ''Cyr.''3.2.23; [[in one way only]], Them.''in Ph.''29.22, al.; [[in a unique manner]], Dam.''Pr.''98: later, simply, [[only]], Phld.''Oec.''p.53 J., Ph. 1.559, ''AP''12.254 (Strat.), Iamb.''Myst.''4.7, Procl.''in Prm.''p.479 S.<br><span class="bld">II</span> neut. as adverb, [[μόνον]] [[alone]], [[only]], οὐχ ἅπαξ μ. [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''211, etc.: freq. with imper., μ. φύλαξαι Id.''Supp.''1012; ἀποκρίνου μ. Pl.''Grg.''494d; so μ. Κράτος συγγένοιτό σοι A.''Ch.''244; μὴ 'μὲ καταπίῃς μ. E.''Cyc.''219, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐὰν μ.</b> if [[only]], Arist.''Pol.''1292a3; <b class="b3">οὐσίαν... οὐ χωριστὴν μ.</b> [[only]] not separable, Id.''Metaph.''1025b28.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">οὐ μόνον... ἀλλὰ καὶ</b>… Ar. ''Eq.'' 1282, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.6.17, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐ μ., ἀλλὰ</b>… S.''Ph.''555: [[μόνον]] is sometimes omitted, μὴ τοὺς ἐγγύς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἄπωθεν Th.4.92, cf. E.''Hipp.''359, ''Ph.''1480 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">μόνον οὐ</b> [[all but]], [[well nigh]], Ar.''V.''516, D.19.220, etc.; μόνον οὐκ ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς περιφέρουσι Pl.''R.''600d: in codd. freq. written [[μονονού]], Plb.3.109.2, etc.; μονονουχί D.1.2, Plb.3.102.4.<br><span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">κατὰ μόνας</b> [[alone]], Th.1.32, 37, Is.7.38, Arist.''Pol.''1281b34, etc.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[μόνῃ]], = [[μόνον]], Plu.2.583d codd. (Prob.from <b class="b3">*μόνϝος</b>.)